管理“四要素”对管理效能的影响及控制

在管理系统过程中存在着四个管理基本要素 ,它们有机地结合在一起 ,相互依存发展 ,并通过不同形式共同作用于管理过程和影响管理效能。管理要达到最佳效能 ,就要从体制、机制和人的素质等方面对其实行有效的控制。     

反思帕卡的犯罪控制模式与正当程序模式

美国学者帕卡的犯罪控制模式与正当程序模式对我国的理论研究和立法实践都产生了深远的影响。但帕卡的学说还是有不足之处 :忽视了被害人的存在 ,也没有意识到对犯罪除了运用国家的刑罚权外 ,还有大量的私力救济以及官方的非正式惩罚与预防行为 ;在诉讼模式与具体制度的设计上 ,犯罪控制模式与正当程序模式学说过于强调了二者之间的对抗 ,而没有注意其相互统一和兼容之处。帕卡学说对我国的启示体现在 :学界过于强调了职权主义与当事人主义之间的差异 ,对它们在侦查制度上共同之处的研究失之准确 ;刑事诉讼法的再修改应该以职权主义模式为主 ,适当借鉴英美当事人主义中的合理因素 ;对犯罪嫌疑人、被告人与被害人的利益应该同等尊重 ,保障被害人参与诉讼过程并影响判决结果的权利     

依职权行政不作为的认定及监控对策探析

依职权行政不作为是指行政主体及其工作人员应为而不为的行为。行政不作为行为由于隐蔽性强,往往在造成侵害之后才能引起人们的重视,加之我们国家在对该类不作为行为的监控上还有很大漏洞,因而必须对依职权行政不作为行为进行准确的认定,并且从多方面加大对它的监控。     

构建和谐社会中的和谐管理探析

和谐管理是和谐社会的应有之义,构建和谐社会必须加强和谐管理。和谐管理要素是和谐管理的基础,既要重视和谐管理主体与实体,又要重视和谐管理机制;和谐管理层次是和谐管理的关键,在基本制度层和谐的前提下,必须做好三个层次的和谐,即和谐管理体制层、和谐管理运行层、和谐管理沟通层。在构建和谐社会过程中,和谐管理会面临新考验、新任务、新情况,这就要积极探索社会主义市场经济条件下和谐管理规律,使和谐管理在构建和谐社会中发挥重要作用。     

构建铁路客站治安防控体系刍议

本文在对当前铁路客站治安防控现状进行分析的基础上,提出了加强"五大能力、六大机制"建设这一构建科学、高效的客站治安防控体系的架构支撑,实现由事后处置为主向超前防范为主、由重治标向重治本的转变,是从更深层次和领域研究解决火车站地区治安问题的一次探索。     

Schools and the prevention of petty crime: Search for a missing link

Earlier research on the relation between school features and petty crime suggests that schools can intentionally influence the crime rate of the pupils. These findings were the starting point for a Dutch study at secondary schools of the same type in Dutch towns. The study focused on effects on the delinquency of third-year low-stream pupils (aged 15–17). For the study a control theory was formulated, a conditional control theory, which, in contrast to Hirschi's social control theory, recognizes possible delinquent influences of the pupils' network. In the study a strong statistical relation between integration of pupils in school and petty crime was found. However, I found almost no influence of the studied school features on integration and petty crime. These results led to the question whether the real important feature of schools had been neglected in the study. This seems not to be the case. A multilevel analysis shows that it is unlikely that there is major impact of schools on the integration of pupils, on delinquency, or on the relationship between integration and delinquency. This can be the result of special aspects of the Dutch school system and of the neglect of theory in earlier research.     

从NAFTA到USMCA:投资争端解决机制的变化、成因及启示

2020年7月生效的《美国—墨西哥—加拿大协定》在投资争端解决机制上一改《北美自由贸易协定》下偏重对投资者权利保护的“新自由主义”精神,回归对国家规制权能的重视。在适用对象、适用争议、适用程序上作出变化与革新。全球价值链收缩及“慢球化”、投资争端解决机制的内在合法性危机以及对东道国规制权力的削弱,是国际投资争端解决机制发生变化的深层次经济、法律与政治动因。《美国—墨西哥—加拿大协定》投资争端解决机制的变化与革新将进一步推动“卡尔沃主义”的回归以及加剧国际投资法体制内部的碎片化趋势。中国应积极支持及推进投资争端解决机制改革,使其发挥正面作用,同时辩证吸收“卡尔沃主义”的合理因素,积极探索诸如前置协商、投诉与帮助以及调解等解决投资者与东道国之间投资争议的多元渠道。     

Who's the Boss? Patterns of Perceived Control in Adolescents' Friendships

This study examined the nature and correlates of different patterns of perceived control in adolescents' relationships with their best friends. Participants included firstborn adolescents (M = 14.94 years), their younger siblings (M = 12.44 years) and both their mothers and fathers in 163 families as well as a best friend of each adolescent (M = 15 years). Data were collected from family members during home visits regarding adolescents' family relationships, friendships, and psychosocial adjustment; time use data were gathered during a series of 7 nightly phone interviews. Information was obtained from best friends during a brief phone interview. We developed a typology of 3 different patterns of perceived friendship control based on the combination of adolescents' and their best friends' ratings of relational control. Patterns of control in adolescents' friendships were associated with the distribution of control in both parents' marriages and adolescents' sibling relationships. Further analyses, designed to test developmental predictions, revealed connections between friendship control and other qualities of adolescents' friendships (i.e., intimacy, conflict, perspective-taking).     

论以可持续发展为目标的产业结构调整

当前,我国正处在一个重要的经济结构调整期,产业结构的不合理已经严重地阻碍了可持续发展的进程.因此,我国的产业结构调整问题不仅仅是一个结构调整问题,而且必须与可持续发展紧密联系起来.     

对社会治安防控体系建设理论与实践的思考

构建社会治安防控体系是公安机关适应新形势下治安工作的战略性举措,对其理论与实践问题的研究方兴未艾。本文分析了社会治安防控体系的概念及属性和建设的基本要求,研究了现有的三类基本结构模式。