The political economy of Mozambique twenty years on: A post-conflict success story?

The following article investigates the state of Mozambique's political economy 20 years after the end of its civil war between FRELIMO and RENAMO, in 1992. This paper is written from the theoretical perspectives of growing criticism of the neo-liberal assumptions that underlie development policy and places the analysis of Mozambique's economic growth and development within the field of development studies as they are played out in African realities. Mozambique is viewed by the donor community and multilateral institutions as a success story of postwar construction, yet a closer look at the development outcomes in Mozambique calls this conclusion into question. The paper found that, despite improvements in reducing the number of people living in poverty between 1992 and 2012, hunger persists and malnutrition and diseases such as malaria, HIV/AIDS and tuberculosis are on the increase. The author concludes that global governance reforms that take cognisance of Mozambique's and indeed Africa's governance challenges are needed to forge a development paradigm relevant for Africa.     

贫富分层背景下大学生人生哲学的定位

当代大学生群体贫富分层现象突出,在人数上呈现出“两头小、中间大”的结构特征,且贫学生与富学生之间的经济差异非常大。这种贫富分层严重冲击了大学生人生哲学的方方面面：社会观、价值观、人生观和幸福观等。应通过拓展勤工助学的精神引领价值、淡化大学生的贫富意识、加强人文教育、提升社会公众的生活格调和精神品位等工作,引导大学生在此背景下科学定位其人生哲学。     

扶贫新阶段与农村扶贫开发机制的完善路径

新中国成立后,我国农村扶贫开发工作大体经历了五个阶段。2009年随着我国农村扶贫标准上调为人均纯收入1196元,扶贫对象大幅度增加,扶贫战略、扶贫出发点和扶贫任务发生了重大转变,扶贫开发事业即将进入新阶段。为适应扶贫新阶段的新挑战、新要求,必须以扶贫对象识别、扶贫项目瞄准、扶贫资金投入管理、产业化扶贫和长效扶贫机制为重心,积极探索扶贫开发机制的完善路径,加快构建大扶贫格局。     

影响南疆绿洲地区精准扶贫的因素与应对策略 以南疆和田地区三个县为例

和田绿洲地区位于南疆四地州,作为新时期的国家连片特困地区与深度贫困地区之一,脱贫攻坚任务十分艰巨。2014年以来,在国家精准扶贫政策支持下,脱贫工作取得了显著成效,贫困发生率大大降低。但是由于特殊地理、人口、文化等因素影响,脱贫攻坚仍然面临诸多困难,迫切需要结合绿洲社会经济文化特点精准施策,促进脱贫成效的提升。     

Social Assistance Under Capitalist Authoritarian Rule: Two Management Models in Chinese Municipalities

This study uses a micro set of Chinese city-level data to understand the varying choices taken by municipal officials in their distribution of a minimum livelihood scheme. It explores the variation in the apportionment of allowances offered to disparate types of poor groups in poor versus wealthy cities. The paper argues that in China, where profits, modernisation, competition and globalisation have become significant to leaders at all levels, there is a logic undergirding welfare allocation that has nothing to do with the calculus that spurs its delivery in democracies, and yet that is more nuanced than stylised models of dictatorship/authoritarianism presume. The paper also demonstrates that, where lower echelons of governmental administration have the authority to make rules about the rationing of social assistance, urban finances appear to have an impact upon (or at least to correlate with) administrators’ allocational decisions to groups among the poor. This influence of municipal financial health is exerted directly in the case of poor places, by enticing officials to attempt to save on funds; it also seems to operate indirectly in wealthier municipalities, by disposing richer cities’ authorities to design their urban areas as showcases, in the hope of attracting tourism and foreign investment.     

解决国内贫困问题与财政法治

贫困是一种普遍存在的社会现象,它是一个历史概念。所谓贫困指的是在特定的社会背景下,社会成员由于缺乏必要的资源而在一定程度上被剥夺了正常获得生活资料和参与社会经济活动的权利,并使他们的生活持续低于该社会公众所认可的最低标准。贫困是人的一种消极存在状态,任其发展必将使整个社会的经济停滞不前甚至倒退。作者就解决国内贫困问题,从财政法治角度进行了探讨。     

论民事诉讼中正义与效率的紧张关系--以和解为例,兼论我国和解制度的完善

构建和解制度是缓解诉讼正义与效率紧张关系,实现实质正义的重要方面.比较我国和国外和解制度,可以发现,我国关于和解制度的规定流于简单,在操作中较随意,以致对和解行为的监督和补救带来不便.为此,从法律的内生性资源中寻找解决民事诉讼中正义与效率的紧张关系不失为一种较好的途径.     

Book Reviews

Books reviewed in this article:
Peter F. Guardino, Peasants, Politics, and the Formation of Mexico's National State: Guerrero 1800–1857
Astvaldur Astvaldsson, Las voces de los wak'a
Katherine Isbester, Still Fighting: The Nicaraguan Women's Movement, 1977–2000
Marta R. Zabaleta, Feminine Stereotypes and Roles in Theory and Practice in Argentina Before and After the First Lady Eva Peron
Jeffrey M. Pilcher, Cantinflas and the Chaos of Mexican Modernity
Antoni Kapcia, Cuba: Island of Dreams
Damián Fernández, Cuba and the Politics of Passion     

太阳灶对贫困妇女生活质量的改善--西藏白朗县的实证研究

实地研究发现,在西藏白朗县,农村利用太阳灶替代出了大量的能源牛粪;减轻了贫困家庭妇女的劳动强度;改善了妇女的生活卫生条件和环境,增加了贫困妇女的自尊心,增加了妇女交流的机会,改善了农户的饮食质量。总之改善了贫困妇女的生活质量。     

我国物权法应当确立不动产善意取得制度

善意取得制度是为世界各国物权法所确立的一种重要法律制度,其中不动产的善意取得也为很多国家物权法律所确认。虽然我国最高法院的司法解释对动产的善意取得作了某些规定,但我国民事立法对此至今仍处于一种空白状态。确立不动产善意取得制度,是促进我国市场交易稳定发展的客观要求。我国即将制定的物权法不仅应确立动产的善意取得制度,而且应当进一步确立不动产的善意取得制度。