巩固产业扶贫成果有效衔接乡村振兴的现状研究

巩固产业扶贫成果作为产业兴旺的重要部分,是实现产业兴旺的前提和基础,更是实现乡村振兴的重要举措。云南省N县集山区、边远、民族、贫困于一体,在云南乃至全国都比较突出。作为山区县,其产业扶贫与乡村振兴探索极具代表性,对于全国组织开展巩固产业扶贫成果对接乡村振兴的研究具有较高的参考价值。     

社会排斥概念研究综述

社会排斥不仅是对以往结构与文化视角的超越,作为一种中观理论,它代替＂贫困＂概念,成为社会不平等研究的新概念,为我们更好地理解贫困、弱势群体等问题提供了无限逼近事实的角度。从国内外已有的研究文献来看,研究者们对社会排斥概念的界定,角度呈多元化趋势。因此,笔者在对现有文献进行梳理的基础上,回顾社会排斥概念的发展历程,并对社会排斥的概念进行比较、归纳,进而力求准确、清晰地阐述社会排斥与贫困、被剥夺、边缘化的不同。     

反“文化贫困”战略思考——基于四川省甘孜藏族自治州的实践

甘孜州文化贫困主要表现在贫困人口的文化素质差、生活方式和价值观念落后等方面。文化贫困有着强大的辐射力，不仅影响了甘孜州贫困农牧民的价值观念、行为准则、生活方式等，还直接造成教育科技的落后和人力资本存量的不足，从而制约了甘孜州经济和社会的发展。为此，应当以政府为主导、以当地民众为主体，采取一些反文化贫困战略，具体包括：注重农牧民自身能力建设，发展教育和科技；重建社会组织体系，推进参与式扶贫；关心文化转型，保护文化遗产。     

“Studying civil society across the world”: A rebuttal

Abstract

This article analyses the relationship between zakat institutions, as socio-religious civil society organizations, and government in dealing with poverty in Indonesia. The fact that both share similar concerns about poverty and have comparable programmes to address it underlines the need for coordination. Departing from the idea that coordination prevents duplication and increases effectiveness, this study sets out to assess the level of coordination between zakat institutions and government and the factors determining that level of coordination. The study finds that, due to bureaucracy and lack of internal coordination, the existing level of coordination can best be described as low, and that this level of coordination has led to suboptimal outcomes. The article further analyses the relationship between zakat agencies and government and finds it to be guided by low linkages and rules set unilaterally by the government. The article ends by providing several recommendations for both types of actors to improve their relationship and mutual coordination.     

清镇市王庄乡簸涌村脱贫奔小康的调查报告

2020年实现全面建成小康社会这一宏伟目标,"最艰巨最繁重的任务在农村、特别是在贫困地区。没有农村的小康,特别是没有贫困地区的小康,就没有全面建成小康社会。"文章在对贵州省新时期扶贫开发二类重点扶持乡清镇市王庄乡簸涌村进行调查的基础上,对其脱贫奔小康的路径进行了探讨。     

Doing gang research in Canada: navigating a different kaleidoscope

Interest in youth gang activities in Canada has engendered an increasing engagement by government institutions and police departments of American ‘gang experts’ who supposedly have a long pedigree in dealing with this type of problem. I argue that: (a) considering the lingering contentions over the nature, structure, and organization of gangs generally, Canada does not stand to benefit significantly from the American ‘gang’ experience; and (b) the focus of contemporary American gang literature on minority youths helps to sustain the stereotype and control of racialized youths as the ‘poster boys’ of urban youth violence. This is in line with research showing that ‘expert’ knowledge has historically been used to support the ‘othering’ and control of marginalized populations. Canadian youth gang policy does not need to borrow from this model, as it will unnecessarily exacerbate racial tensions in the country.     

Poverty and Inequality in a Rapid Growth Economy: Chile 1990-96

Using parametric and non-parametric methods this article examines the evolution of poverty and inequality in Chile between 1990 and 1996. This period is interesting because of the rapid growth exhibited by the Chilean economy. Using the Datt-Ravallion decomposition economic growth accounts for over 85 per cent of poverty reduction. The evidence suggests that the sustained level of high inequality is not necessarily associated with a lower welfare level. By comparing the evolution of poverty and inequality over time, we observe a continuous decrease in poverty, while inequality remains stable. This pattern has left everyone (both poor and rich individuals) better off.     

The not-so-great aid debate

The ‘Great Foreign Aid Debate’ raged in the 2000s yet there are few overviews of it. This paper builds on heuristic classifications of the debate not to simply classify it, but rather to explore how it is perhaps not as ‘great’ as claimed and, in fact, is contributing to a narrowing of thinking about development possibilities. The paper explores the debate through the books released in the 10 years from 2001 that made both an academic and a media impact. It analyses what gets discussed and why and, equally importantly, what does not get discussed. In terms of what is missing, the paper posits that ‘left’ has disappeared and the progressive critique and support for aid has been left to scholars like Jeffrey Sachs and Jonathan Glennie.     

Democratization as liberation: competing African perspectives on democracy

Do Africans tend to view democracy in more procedural or more substantive terms? This article argues that African endorsements of liberal and procedural understandings are not as pervasive as much of the literature on democratization suggests. Drawing upon Afrobarometer survey results as well as extensive fieldwork and interviews conducted over the past decade in South Africa, it demonstrates both the historical development and significance of these definitional understandings. By employing a substantive approach and thereby bringing questions of poverty and material inequality to the centre of the analysis, this article seeks to offer a perspective on democratization that helps to explain many of the challenges to the institutionalization of democratic regimes that procedural understandings fail to capture.     

“贫”与“富”的辩证思考

贫困与富裕是一对古老的矛盾,贫困与富裕的矛盾处理得好,国泰民安,欣欣向荣;处理得不好,危机四伏,民怨四起。我国目前的区域贫困和部分贫困,已构成了我国建设和谐社会的瓶颈,要实现全面建设小康社会的目标,就必须充分认识"贫"与"富"的辩证关系,全方位建立由"贫"到"富"的长效机制。