猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒HN-HW株全基因组分子特征分析

利用RT-PCR方法扩增得到猪繁殖障碍与呼吸综合征病毒(PRRSV)HN-HW分离株全长基因组的17个片段。拼接后发现该毒株基因组全长为15 334nt(包括poly A尾巴),与国内外14株美洲型PRRSV分离株全序列相似性介于85.3%～99.4%之间,而与欧洲型PRRSV Lelystad Virus(M96262)和SD01-08(DQ489331)分离株全序列相似性仅为59.7%和59.9%。序列分析表明,该毒株包括189nt的5′UTR,14 981nt的蛋白编码区和150nt的3′UTR及14nt的poly(A)尾巴。同美洲标准株ATCC VR-2332相比,Nsp2存在30个氨基酸的缺失。本研究结果补充了PRRSV毒株的基因组信息数据,为深入研究该毒株的遗传与变异及其与生物学特性的关系奠定了基础。     

Provisional concepts and definitions of fact

The paper explains and differentiates the concept of ‘fact’ in the legal setting. Fact and evidence, fact/falsity distinguished; fact and law considered -- a real difference or a pragmatic device? Questions of fact and degree considered, in themselves and in the context of jury trial and of appeals. Primary fact, factual inferences from primary fact, questions of classification of fact are considered. Whether inference is supported by evidence, and whether classification is correct may be questions of law. Issues of fact and opinion, fact and comment, relative to freedom of speech, defamation etc: no clear distinction available. Legal problems concerning absence of workable distinctions.

     

The Forensic Implications of Turner's Syndrome

Turner's syndrome, the most common sex chromosome disorder of females, is caused by complete or partial loss of one X chromosome and is associated with a wide range of internal and external manifestations and increased mortality rates (three to nine times the background population). While individuals with Turner's syndrome may survive for many decades, premature and unexpected deaths can occur that bring decedents to the attention of forensic examiners. Causes of death in Turner's syndrome are often linked to underlying cardiovascular conditions such as aortic dissection, congenital cardiovascular disease, ischemic heart, and cerebrovascular disease, but deaths due to noncardiac causes also occur with increased frequency. The latter include epilepsy, diabetes mellitus, chronic renal disease, pneumonia, chronic liver disease, and malignancy. Thus, the autopsy evaluation of these cases requires careful examination of all major organ systems, with the consideration of confirmatory cytogenetic testing.     

Sudden Death in Marfan Syndrome

Marfan syndrome is an autosomal dominant genetic disorder of the connective tissue. The most serious complications of this syndrome are defects of the heart valves and aorta. Aneurysms of thoracic aorta are known to develop in Marfan syndrome. Other causes for development of aneurysms of the thoracic aorta are trauma, infections, valve and arch anomalies, genetic disorders, and atherosclerosis. These aneurysms upon rupture may lead to sudden deaths. They are usually detected during routine screening or follow‐up of such persons suffering from Marfan syndrome and upon death will be certified by the treating physician. Thus, an autopsy surgeon rarely comes across such deaths. One such case of sudden death due to cardiac tamponade consequent upon rupture of dissecting aortic aneurysm in a 33‐year‐old male who complained of throbbing pains in the chest, radiating to back, became breathless, cyanotic and died on the way to hospital is being presented here.     

原发性脑干损伤出血形态及分布特征分析

目的观察分析原发性脑干损伤出血灶的形态及分布特征,为法医学鉴定提供依据。方法选取34例原发性脑干损伤出血案例,常规制作病理切片,采用HE染色观察出血灶的形态及位置分布特征,并统计两者之间关系。结果原发性脑干损伤出血形态以裂隙样出血多见（61．6％）。出血灶位置分布组间比较显示,不同纤维走行和组织密度交界处、动脉周围、神经根等处以裂隙样出血多见（P〈0．005）;室管膜下主要表现为灶性出血（P〈0．001）;神经核团内出血较少,且裂隙样出血、灶性出血比例较为接近。结论不同纤维走行和组织密度交界处、动脉周围、神经根处的裂隙样出血是原发性脑干损伤的直接依据;神经核团内出血具有重要的法医学价值。     

Hippocampal Agenesis in an Individual who Engaged in Violent Criminal Behaviors After Discontinuing Carbamazepine and Paroxetine Treatment

Antidepressant discontinuation syndrome (ADS) occurs after abrupt discontinuation of an antidepressant medication. A 23‐year‐old man with right hippocampal agenesis demonstrated sexual crime (hypersexuality) since the age of eight and had been successfully treated with carbamazepine since the age of 13. He had required increased doses of paroxetine and carbamazepine owing to the development of an unstable affect after quitting his job. He abruptly stopped taking his medication for 3 days and his criminal behaviors re‐emerged. We examined changes in brain structure and activity before and after medication cessation, using MRI and functional MRI (fMRI). The image of a girl in a swimsuit increased activity in the thalamus only after medication discontinuation. The alteration in thalamic activity might induce hypersexuality. We conclude that a primary hypersexuality had been suppressed with carbamazepine and paroxetine treatment, and the discontinuation of the medication caused the hypersexuality.     

GPD1-L基因检测及其与青壮年猝死综合征的相关性

目的探寻甘油-3-磷酸脱氢酶样基因(glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase 1 like gene,GPD1-L)的变异位点,讨论其与青壮年猝死综合征(sudden manhood death syndrome,SMDS)的关系。方法提取SMDS组及健康对照组血样的基因组DNA,采用PCR法扩增GPD1-L基因编码区外显子、外显子-内含子交界区以及3′侧翼区序列,直接进行DNA测序以明确遗传变异类型,并进行基因型频率和等位基因频率的统计学分析。结果在SMDS组中共检测到2个变异位点,c.465CT和c.*18GT,后者在SMDS组和对照组中基因型分布和等位基因频率存在一定差异,但无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论 GPD1-L基因变异与中国人SMDS发生的相关性尚有待进一步研究。     

原发性脑干损伤后延髓网状结构bFGF改变的研究

目的研究原发性脑干损伤对碱性成纤维细胞生长因子(bFGF)在延髓网状结构内表达的影响。方法采用撞击法造成实验大鼠脑干损伤死亡,用免疫组化SABC法检测延髓网状结构中bFGF的改变。结果生前损伤组延髓网状结构内bFGF阳性细胞数和阳性强度与正常组及死后损伤组比较显著升高,后两者无显著差异。结论原发性脑干损伤导致延髓网状结构内神经细胞bFGF表达增高。     

《大正藏》第八十五卷（敦煌卷）误例浅析

原卷书手的讹误,部分写卷的漶漫残缺,日本人对中国文化的隔膜,加之校录的粗疏,是<大正藏>第八十五卷(敦煌卷)讹误满纸的主要原因.笔者通过对该卷中部分录文与敦煌写卷的重新核校,尝试对写卷及录文文字错误进行粗浅分析并加以初步归类.