论民事强制执行请求权

民事强制执行请求权是与民事强制执行权相对应的专属于执行债权人享有的一种独立的、基本的权利,我国民事强制执行法应以该基本权利为核心构筑执行债权人的权利体系。对民事强制执行请求权的保护前提是立法,关键是执法。     

行刑理念的创新

行刑是预防和打击犯罪的最后一道防护堤,在三大刑事法中占据着极其重要的地位。行刑理念对如何设定行刑体制和框架,如何行刑起着重要的指导作用,我国现行行刑理念支配下的行刑体制存在诸多弊端。我国行刑理念需要进行更新,建立新的适合现代法治要求的行刑体制。     

我国行刑社会化进程中存在的问题及完善对策

近年来,我国一直在探求和实践着行刑社会化理念,虽然取得了一定成效,但与行刑社会化较发达的国家相比尚存在差距。因此,应当在刑法人道性、谦抑性等价值理念的指引下,准确把握我国行刑社会化进程中的突出问题并有效地予以改进和完善。     

民事执行救济制度之完善与和谐社会

目前我国正在起草<强制抗行法>,一直以来学界讨论的比较多的是如何保障债权人的债权得以实现,然而法律也要保护债务人及第三人的合法权益,于是执行救济制度便应运而生了.然而我国现行的执行救济制度存在着一些不足之处,不利于和谐社会的构建.以程序公正和效率价值为理念,以和谐社会的构建为最高目的,对我国司法实践中存在的执行救济类型进行了分析和总结,进而对完善我国民事执行救济制度的设计提出了理性的建议.     

民事强制执行中债务人权益保障问题初探--从原则到制度的分析

强制执行是运用国家公权力来保障生效法律文书所确定的权利得以实现的过程,然而在强调债权人权益实现的同时有侵害债务人基本人权之可能.为了公平保护执行当事人的合法权益,特别是维护债务人之基本人权,民事强制执行立法必须从贯彻宪法对人权保障的高度,确立利益平衡和执行适度的原则,加强对债务人财产、住宅、人格尊严和人身自由等基本人权的保障.这既是现代民事执行文明、人道的重要体现,也是构建和谐社会的必然要求.     

国民党政府时期湖北监狱管理制度研究

监狱制度是实施监狱管理的重要工具。国民党政府时期,湖北监狱管理沿用清末旧制,继而又大量沿用北洋政府的监狱管理制度。司法行政部、湖北高等法院及其所属监狱也都制订和颁布劳役、收监与戒护、分管分押、教诲教育等管理制度。国民党政府时期的湖北监狱制度是对广大人民群众的专政独裁工具,体现了国民党政府统治的黑暗与腐朽。     

监狱行刑社会化的再思考

监狱行刑的社会化是西方国家存继上百年的一种刑事司法实践,而在中国它却处于刚刚起步阶段并面临着诸多的观念与体制障碍.借鉴西方国家在这一方面所取得的具体成果对于我国在监狱行刑社会化的刑事司法实践具有重要意义.     

Ethyl Glucuronide Concentration in Hair of Detainees: A Preliminary Study

Through the measurement of ethyl glucuronide in hair (hETG), it is possible to assess chronic alcohol abuse over time. In this paper, we present a study on hETG in Italian prison inmates. Analyses were performed by LC-MS according to a previously published method. Results were evaluated using the cut-offs established by the Society of Hair Testing. Positives samples (ETG > 30 pg/mg) accounted for 6% of all subjects, with concentrations ranging from 42 pg/mg up to 270 pg/mg, abstinent subjects (ETG < 7 pg/mg) accounted for 88%, and moderate alcohol consumption (7 < ETG < 30 pg/mg) for 6% of the subjects. No females displayed ETG values above 30 pg/mg. Among positive samples, only two subjects did not declare heavy alcohol consumption and were found strongly positive at 210 and 270 pg/mg. To the best of our knowledge, this represents the first study on ETG hair concentration on prison inmates.     

An analysis of self-reported suicide attempts and ideation in a national sample of incarcerated individuals convicted of sexual crimes

ABSTRACT

Suicide is the leading cause of preventable death in US jails and prisons, with rates three to nine times higher than those of the general population. Although suicide in correctional settings has been recognised as a serious problem, the research on suicide among incarcerated individuals remains limited. Individuals who have committed sexual offenses may be at an elevated risk for suicide. Specifically, they have been found to report high rates of hopelessness and depressive mood, and approximately 14% of individuals convicted of sexual offenses have reported a suicide attempt at some point in their lives. Most of these data are based upon official reports and may represent an underreporting of the true prevalence of the problem. The current study provides an analysis of the prevalence and factors associated with self-reported suicidal thoughts and behaviours in a large national sample of individuals convicted of a sexually based crime. Overall, 17.9% of the offenders reported an attempted suicide in their lifetime, 15.1% reported experiencing suicidal ideation but never made an attempt. Risk factors for suicide attempts and ideation for this population are reported. The findings are discussed in the context of suicide prevention and intervention efforts among those who have committed sex offenses.