道路交通事故处理的价值目标

交通事故处理的价值目标是交通事故处理理论和实践中的一个重要课题.追求效率、实现公正是交通事故处理的重要价值取向.公正与效率两者是对立统一关系,在交通事故处理中主要表现为一致性、冲突性、互动性.追求效率,实现公正的方略是确立并重的价值理念;设计科学合理的交通事故处理程序;实现职能与权力的优化配置;建构简易程序.     

论离婚诉讼中诉讼费用制度之完善

合理规范离婚案件的诉讼费用制度可以在更广层面上起到法制宣传的作用；可以有效实现社会正义；有利于当事人更好地行使程序选择权；有利于促进社会和谐。现行离婚案件诉讼费用制度的缺陷主要在于：分段收取诉讼费用违反了离婚诉讼的本质；诉讼费用在当事人之间的负担不尽合理；因财产分割协议产生的纠纷如何交纳诉讼费用缺乏立法的明确规定。离婚案件的诉讼费用应当按件交纳，并应当区分不同情况具体确定双方当事人的负担规则；因财产分割协议产生的纠纷提起诉讼应该按照离婚案件的标准交纳诉讼费用。     

担保物权的受偿次序问题研究

从担保物权的核心效力入手，追溯担保物权并存时受偿次序产生冲突的原因，分析冲突的各种表现并将其归类，然后以担保物权的公示效力为钥匙，提出解决优先受偿次序冲突的办法。     

被辞退事业编制职工诉讼类型选择

机关单位辞退事业编制职工在一般情况下应归于民事关系,适用人事仲裁和民事诉讼程序解决。但是,当人事部门介入该关系后,性质就有可能发生变化。由于人事部门介入机关单位辞退事业编制职工的形式不同,又分为内部程序与外部程序,当内部程序介入时,人事部门不应对外成为责任主体,即便人事部门的行为被非正常外化仍然如此,因而不能成为行政诉讼的被告。     

多元纠纷解决机制的法文化探析

多元解决纠纷机制在我国有着深刻的文化渊源:纠纷解决途径的多元文化传统;民间法与国家法互动的长期存在;近现代纠纷解决的实践。因此,建构多元纠纷解决机制符合我国的历史习惯,也利于维护司法权威。目前,建立多元纠纷解决机制,尤其应重塑人民调解的权威。     

Disputes about corporate expression absorption and their legal remedies

Corporate expression is the expression that a company gives to the outside in its capacity as a legal entity. Often referring to resolutions made by shareholder meetings and the board of directors, based on good faith and bound by contractual spirit, a company must be held liable for its expression. Corporate expression absorption refers to the corporate behaviors and situations wherein the majority voting shareholders and directors replace the will of the minority voting shareholders and directors within their own will. Among them, the majority voting shareholders at a shareholders’ meeting (shareholders’ general meeting) are decision-making shareholders, and directors, managers and other senior management staff that decide corporate affairs are called decision-making members. Corporate expression absorption consists of two sorts: absorption by shareholders’ meeting and absorption by the board of directors. Shareholders’ meeting is a company’s authoritative organization; when the voting rights of some shareholders exceed the statutory limit, they will be able to manipulate the expression of shareholders’ meetings and replace the will of other shareholders with that of their own. The expression absorption by the board of directors refers to the practice wherein the majority directors decide on important corporate matters in accordance with the majority rule. Thus, it can be seen that the corporate expression absorption is a double-edged sword, not only capable of uplifting operational efficiency but also likely to help decision-making shareholders achieve personal gains and transfer corporate interests. As for the disputes of corporate expression absorption, the following legal remedies might be adopted: (1) Limit the voting rights of decision-making shareholders. (2) Provide shareholders with veto power over specific events. (3) Ask the chambers of commerce (industry associations) to arbitrate specific events. (4) Preserve the market value of shares held by dissenting directors. (5) Expand cumulative voting; (6) Provide shareholders the right to exit. (7) Legal remedies for corporate deadlock. (8) Shareholders’ derivative lawsuits. __________ Translated from China Law, No. 4, 2005     

关于设置国家安全专业的几点思考

国际国内形势迫切要求高等院校设置国家安全专业。国家安全专业是一门新兴的、综合性和应用型的学科专业,是法学门类下的一级学科,包括国家安全理论和国家安全保卫两个专业方向。国家安全专业(学科)从总体上研究国家安全、国家安全环境、危害国家安全的因素和国家安全保障体系等方面的基本内容。     

中国参与建立的区域贸易争端解决机制

RTA争端解决机制是RTA中的重要内容。本文从东盟自由贸易区(AFTA)等实例出发考察了RTA争端解决机制对RTA运行的影响,并对CEPA以及我国对外签署的两个自由贸易区,中国-东盟自由贸易区(CAFTA)和中国-智利自由贸易区(中智FTA)的争端解决机制,作了分析。RTA争端解决机制是保障RTA正常运行的核心,作为一种新型的RTA,CEPA应当构建正式的争端解决机制。CAFTA以及中智FTA的争端机制基本上顺应了世界RTA发展潮流,但也应当在实施过程中进行进一步的完善。     

刑事自由裁量权与刑法基本原则关系研究

刑法基本原则不但是制定、解释和适用刑法的准则,而且体现了刑法的基本精神。刑事自由裁量权是刑法适用过程中普遍存在的一种权力。罪刑法定原则并不排斥刑事自由裁量权,罪刑法定原则认可以严格规则为主、以自由裁量为补充的立法模式。自由裁量权对适用刑法人人平等原则有一定的冲击,所谓的适用刑法人人平等实际上是包括了自由裁量因素在内的相对意义的人人平等。罪责刑相适应原则,在本质上确认法官的刑事自由裁量权,罪责刑相适应原则与法官的自由裁量权具相辅相成性。     

论票据法上利益返还请求权的性质

票据法上的利益返还请求权是票据法为实现票据权利人与票据义务人之间利益的二次平衡而设计的制度。学者对利益返还请求权的性质历来有不同意见,本文通过对各种学说的比较分析,认为利益返还请求权在性质上属于不当得利请求权。