Limits to non‐state market regulation: A qualitative comparative analysis of the international sport footwear industry and the Fair Labor Association

Non‐state market regulation has become a central focus and continues to receive scholarly attention. The present paper provides an assessment of the conditions under which multinational firms join a multi‐stakeholder certification initiative. The cases of the Fair labor Association and 17 international sport footwear companies have been selected for this purpose. A Qualitative Comparative Analysis of the 17 cases is performed. The paper argues that the combination of sustained NGO pressure and public ownership of a firm is a necessary precondition for firms joining a multi‐stakeholder certification initiative. The theoretical and policy implications of this result are discussed.     

New Thinking in Financial Market Regulation: Dismantling the “Split Share Structure” of Chinese Listed Companies

China’s distinctive set of stock market institutions was introduced in 1990. Among the characteristics of China’s stock markets was a strict separation between different categories of investors. Listed companies issued different categories of shares to state shareholders, domestic corporate investors, domestic individual investors, and foreign investors. By 2005, the barriers segmenting China’s stock market had been significantly relaxed. Domestic investors were allowed to purchase shares previously reserved for foreign investors, and approved foreign investors were allowed to purchase shares previously earmarked for domestic individuals. Nevertheless, a crucial barrier remained. An ongoing debate among Chinese academics, investors, and policy makers focused on how to resolve the “split share structure” (guquan fen zhi) in which a minority of shares were tradable while the majority of shares (namely those reserved for domestic corporate and state shareholders) were excluded from the market. The split share structure was blamed for distorting prices and inhibiting development of the stock market. This paper analyzes the policy adopted to address the split share structure. To what extent does this policy change reflect new thinking on the part of China’s market regulators? This paper argues that analysis of policy making in China’s capital markets can help to distinguish between two competing assessments of China’s political economy. One account sees China pursuing a gradualist strategy, slowly but steadily expanding the role of markets. Another account sees China trapped in a semi-marketized and increasingly corrupt development pattern. The implementation of the split share structure reform program provides evidence to support the gradualist account of incremental, but persistent, reform. Mary Comerford Cooper is an assistant professor in political science at the Ohio State University. Her recent research focuses on the politics of financial markets in China and Taiwan. Earlier versions of this paper were presented at the Comparative Politics Research Workshop/ Globalization, Institutions and Economic Security Workshop at Ohio State University in May 2007, and at the annual meeting of the Association for Chinese Political Studies in July 2007. I benefited greatly from the constructive and insightful comments of Bj?rn Alpermann, Melanie Barr, Jean-Marc Blanchard, Sarah Brooks, Joseph Fewsmith, Sujian Guo, Dane Imerman, Ryan Kennedy, Marcus Kurtz, Xiaoyu Pu, James Reilly, Alex Thompson, Daniel Verdier, Jianwei Wang, Alan Wiseman, Bin Yu, and an anonymous reviewer. I am also grateful for Lan Hu’s exceptional research assistance. All remaining flaws are purely my own.     

加强刑嫌调控的思考

面对刑事犯罪的急剧变化情况,刑嫌调控工作虽有所发展,但仍不能适应斗争的需要。加强刑嫌调控工作,可以掌握斗争主动权,先发制敌,主动出击,以有限警力、物力和时间,获取较大侦查破案效果。加强刑嫌调控工作,应根据形势变化调整刑嫌对象,诸警种尤其派出所密切配合,与阵地控制、刑事特情、犯罪情报资料工作相结合。     

南京某集贸市场淡水鱼感染嗜水气单胞菌的鉴定及毒力因子检测

从南京市某集贸市场所售6种淡水鱼体内分离细菌,根据细菌染色、培养特性及16 S rRNA基因扩增等特点进行嗜水气单胞菌的鉴定,对鉴定阳性的菌株测定其溶血、溶蛋白特性,采用PCR技术调查毒力因子的基因分布情况,以斑马鱼作为实验动物研究了不同毒力基因型代表菌株的致病性.试验共分离得到39株嗜水气单胞菌,检出率为65.0%(...     

补偿博弈与第三方评估

从对公共利益、公众参与、公平补偿的强调来看,《国有土地上房屋征收与补偿条例》相比《城市房屋拆迁管理条例》进步显著。然而,引入经济学中博弈论概念工具对该征收条例的解读表明,公平补偿能否实现在很大程度上取决于评估机构。该征收条例中一些模糊的规定,以及《国有土地上房屋征收评估办法》赋予评估机构以垄断地位的制度设计,为政府和评估机构的机会主义行为留下了极大的空间。由此,构建有效的第三方评估市场,并在政府报价之后赋予被征收人以真正的自由选择评估机构的权利,是构建法治社会中和谐的征收关系的关键。     

Racialisation of Immigrants at Work: Labour Mobility and Segmentation of Peruvian Migrants in Chile

This article explores the emergent racialisation of Peruvian migrants as one element conditioning the labour segregation that characterises Peruvian insertion in Chile. We understand racialisation as a process of construction of categories in which both individual and collective actors participate, and whose expression is demonstrated by the differentiation and inequality that affects the racialised group. We tackle the articulation of racial differences among individual actors, both Chilean employers and Peruvian migrant workers, to suggest that the attribution of naturalised characteristics to migrants is related to segregation, mobility, and specific trajectories in the labour market.     

西部大开发进程中新生代农民工的法治保障

当前,新生代农民工成为农民工群体的主体,在社会经济发展和城市建设中扮演着重要角色。随着西部大开发进程的推进,这一群体有向西部地区回流聚集的趋势,并因此产生了新的特点和需求。在此背景下,基本民生权利保障不足、刑事犯罪率控制不严、市场经济服务不够,成为困扰这一群体的主要问题。因此,有必要针对新生代农民工的特点,构建健全合理的法治保障体系,以保障他们的合法权益,维护社会稳定,促进科学发展。     

育人功能在校园文化建设中的有效呈现——以仰恩大学为例

校园文化具有认知的导向引领功能、心理和行为的调适调控功能、文化熏陶精神感染功能、实践的锻炼内化功能、群体意识的凝聚整合功能和激励功能等育人功能。如何发挥校园文化的重要育人功能成为高校校园文化建设的一个重要课题。以促进大学生的全面发展为目标，仰恩大学从德育、智育、体育、美育、劳动教育等方面，成功探讨了校园文化育人功能的有效实现方式。     

促进政府职能向社会组织转移的对策——以吉林省为例

党的十八大确立了社会管理的新格局,使推进政府职能向社会组织转移成为必然。本文在实地调研的基础上,分析了现阶段吉林省政府职能向社会组织转移面临的主要问题,提出了提高认识,加强管理,建立体制机制,提升社会组织自身能力等相关对策。     

恢复性行刑犯罪控制功能论

犯罪与被害之间的密切关系使得关注被害人成为控制犯罪的一重要途径.而恢复性司法这一缘起功能成为恢复性行刑具备犯罪控制功能的内在原因.恢复性行刑不但能使施控者与一般社会主体在与被控者互动交流中淡化犯罪标签作用,还可实现管理信息与反馈信息在施控者与被控者之间的双向交流,提高司法控制功能.开放性的恢复性行刑模式通过培育服刑人员...