我国反对家庭暴力地方法规、政策比较研究

我国有27个省、自治区、直辖市制定实施了反对家庭暴力的地方法规或文件。通过对这些地方法规和文件的比较分析可以发现,各地在界定家庭暴力概念、明确法规实施主体、规定举证责任、进行首问责任制等方面进行了积极的尝试,为反家暴工作的开展提供了重要依据。同时,地方性法规和政策的天然不足和相互间的差异,又迫切呼唤国家出台专门法律以及相关方面对若干法律问题做更加深入的研究论证。     

关于家务劳动的经济学研究综述

关于家务劳动概念的范畴、家务劳动是否存在价值以及是否应为其付酬,理论界存在着较大的争议。家务劳动在家庭内部的分配存在着明显的性别差异和分配不公平现象,不同的学者提出了不同的看法。文章综述了国内外有关家务劳动经济学方面的研究,并提出了自己的观点。     

采油行业如何加强安全培训与生产实际相结合

在安全生产培训中，由于引用的案例和数据距离采油生产实际较远，影响了安全培训的效果和安全培训模式，也影响了培训师的自信，要改变这种状况可以从四个方面入手：加强自身的学习；深入生产一线；加强与安全环保部门的联系；需要获得上级的支持。     

Developmental Antecedents of Interpartner Violence in a New Zealand Birth Cohort

This paper examines the developmental antecedents of interpartner violence (IPV) victimization and perpetration in a New Zealand birth cohort (n = 828). The study found: (a) IPV occurred in 70% of relationships, with conflict ranging from minor psychological abuse to severe assault; (b) men and women reported similar experiences of victimization and perpetration of IPV; (c) exposure to abuse in childhood, family dysfunction and adversity, childhood and adolescent conduct problems, and alcohol abuse/dependence were significant predictors of IPV victimization and perpetration at age 25; and (d) the antecedents of IPV were largely the same for males and females, although the specific effects of these risk factors differed according to gender. Conduct disorder was more strongly predictive of IPV for females, whereas family adversity was more strongly predictive of IPV victimisation for males.     

现行省级行政区划改革的系统思考

以省级建制调整为核心的行政区划改革是现阶段行政改革的一个突破口。我国现行省级行政区划的设置不够合理,存在诸多弊端,包括直辖市数量过少,发展水平悬殊,分布不平衡;省级行政区界犬牙交错,资源性矛盾突出,破坏经济区域完整性;城市辐射功能弱化,地区发展不平衡,机构臃肿,效率低下等。因此,应以优化地区布局和强化经济全方位辐射为基本思路,以增加省级行政区划数量、划小省级行政区划规模为中心,以增设直辖市、发挥中心城市的辐射带动功能为重点,并与市县脱钩、省县直辖、减少行政管理层次相配套,对现行省级行政区划进行改革。由于省级区划改革是一个牵一发而动全身的系统工程,必然会带来复杂的利益重组和冲突,因此改革将遇到的困难和阻力可想而知,这就需要充分研究、科学论证,有计划有步骤地逐步推进。     

Sex differences in the experience of child sexual victimization

This study analyzed 390 (303 girls and 87 boys) cases of child sexual abuse to understand sex differences in child sexual victimization. Analyses focused on three domains that have received considerable empirical attention: victims' relationships with the offender, type and extent of abuse, and disclosure. Findings largely replicated previous efforts that reported sex differences in terms of victims' relationships with offenders. Although results also replicated previous findings about sex differences in disclosure patterns, these sex differences were minor in comparison with similarities in the way most instances of abuse were eventually identified. In terms of type and extent of abuse, results were the opposite of previous findings: girls, not boys, were the victims of more physical injury, violent threats, and use of force; and girls, not boys, were more likely to have physically resisted abuse. Divergences in findings were interpreted in terms of memory biases and social forces operating differently on the sexes.     

浅议晋商对经营者的选择与激励机制

晋商对经营者的选用、激励有一套具体的方法和制度 ,晋商特有的所有权结构是其成功选用经营人员的根本前提 ,财东的高薪付酬和充分信任是促使经营人员较为敬业的主要动力。但在没有财产风险责任的制约下 ,经理的经营行为和决策亦易于短期化 ,这也是晋商对经营者激励机制上的不足。就目前国企在经营人员选用、激励上存在的问题来说 ,学习晋商的经验与教训 ,在所有权结构、公司治理结构等方面进行适当的革新或调整将有利于问题的解决。     

Comparative Politics and the Synthetic Control Method

In recent years, a widespread consensus has emerged about the necessity of establishing bridges between quantitative and qualitative approaches to empirical research in political science. In this article, we discuss the use of the synthetic control method as a way to bridge the quantitative/qualitative divide in comparative politics. The synthetic control method provides a systematic way to choose comparison units in comparative case studies. This systematization opens the door to precise quantitative inference in small‐sample comparative studies, without precluding the application of qualitative approaches. Borrowing the expression from Sidney Tarrow, the synthetic control method allows researchers to put “qualitative flesh on quantitative bones.” We illustrate the main ideas behind the synthetic control method by estimating the economic impact of the 1990 German reunification on West Germany.     

Educational Intentions Among Prison Inmates

The aim of the study was to examine the impact of geographical and cultural affiliation and learning problems on prison inmates' intentions to embark on education above their obtained level of education. Younger inmates, inmates who had reading or writing problems and inmates with less geographical and cultural affiliation to Norway were significantly more likely to report that they wished to start upper secondary school than older inmates, inmates who had no reading or writing problems and inmates with a strong affiliation to Norway. Likewise, younger inmates, inmates who had a non-Norwegian affiliation and inmates who had no problems with arithmetic or mathematics were significantly more likely than others to say that they wished to embark on university studies or other higher education.     

A Comparison of Men and Women Arrested for Domestic Violence: Who Presents the Greater Threat?

Recent increases in the number of women arrested for domestic violence raise important questions about implementation of proarrest policies, equivalency of intimate partner aggression across genders, and management of female domestic violence offenders. This study compares demographic characteristics, criminal history variables, and the past domestic violence history of men (n = 5,578) and women (n = 1,126) arrested for domestic assault against a heterosexual intimate partner. Using victim reported information and data collected by local criminal justice agencies, we found that female arrestees were significantly less likely than males to have histories that warrant concern regarding the potential for future violence. Implications of these findings are discussed.