The Recovery of Latent Fingermarks from Evidence Exposed to Ionizing Radiation*

Abstract: Continual reports of illicit trafficking incidents involving radioactive materials have prompted authorities to consider the likelihood of forensic evidence being exposed to radiation. In this study, we investigated the ability to recover latent fingermark evidence from a variety of substrates that were exposed to ionizing radiation. Fingermarks deposited on common surfaces, including aluminum, glass, office paper, and plastic, were exposed to doses ranging from 1 to 1000 kGy, in an effort to simulate realistic situations where evidence is exposed to significant doses of radiation from sources used in a criminal act. The fingermarks were processed using routine fingermark detection techniques. With the exception of glass and aluminum substrates, radiolysis had a considerable effect on the quality of the developed fingermarks. The damage to ridge characteristics can, in part, be attributed to chemical interactions between the substrate and the components of the fingermark secretions that react with the detection reagents.     

农村留守儿童心理健康的学校干预机制研究

大量的基层调查表明,农村中因父母外出打工而留守在家的“留守儿童”与同龄儿童相比存在着较为明显的行为、情绪、人格等方面的心理健康问题,并且依然有恶化的趋势。这些问题虽然尚不足以导致具有临床意义的心理障碍,但已影响到这些孩子健康成长。对此,一些学者和各地有关机构也提出并开始采取一系列措施进行心理干预,但从系统性、有效性和可操作性上看还缺乏说服力。基于对学校功能的认识和运用,应进一步探讨如何利用和拓展学校已有的教育功能（教育目标设置、教学管理、学生管理、师资建设和少团组织）,来干预留守儿童的心理健康问题。     

犯罪心理痕迹分析在系列杀人案件侦查中的运用

系列杀人案件是容易引起社会恐慌并导致人民群众缺乏安全感的恶性案件。此类案件的及时侦破,能稳定人民群众情绪,加强经济转型期的社会稳定。在系列杀人案件中,犯罪行为人的一些心理活动会以现场物质痕迹为载体,通过犯罪行为直接或间接地反映在犯罪现场。因此,运用犯罪心理痕迹分析就可以刻画出犯罪行为人的心理特征和行为特征。在其侦查过程中,犯罪心理痕迹分析可以在个案分析、串并案件、总体分析三方面进行运用,每个方面的运用中都有其各自分析的内容,依据分析的结果可以帮助侦查人员分析案情、确定侦查方向、推断犯罪行为人,使系列杀人案件及时侦破。     

现场心理痕迹动态分析

作案人在作案过程中除了留下各种各样的物质痕迹外,还会留下潜在的心理痕迹,通过对现场物证痕迹的勘查,动态分析作案人实施犯罪的心理过程,有助于侦查人员明确侦查方向,缩小侦查范围,弥补现场物质痕迹的不足,同时能够对案件中的物质痕迹起到实质的相互印证、相互补充、相互引申的作用,从而促使侦查人员可以进一步理解案情,客观地把握整个犯罪过程。     

制定讯问策略中对于犯罪嫌疑人心理弱点的研究

讯问中制定策略需要严格的针对性,就是要针对犯罪嫌疑人的心理弱点展开,策略才能见效;那么研究犯罪嫌疑人的心理弱点就成了制定讯问策略首先需要解决的课题。从心理学的视角出发,通过对犯罪嫌疑人的气质、性格和情绪的研究而找出其心理弱点,可以帮助讯问人员制定科学的讯问策略。     

杂技艺术人才克服心理障碍之途径探析

杂技艺术人才的培养,克服心理障碍是一个重要环节.杂技演(学)员的心理素质训练应早期进入,教师对演(学)员的心理状态要定期"会诊",综合分析,并及时制定详细、切实可行、有针对性和目的性的心理训练方案,且通过持久不懈、日积月累的训练,才能逐步增强杂技演(学)员的自我调节和自我控制能力,确保在临场能正常发挥水平.     

"实验文体写作"现象的动因与意义

各种相对定型的文体,在写作中长期被作为特定“内容”相匹配的形式规范;而当下互联网上和纸媒文学领域出现的“实验文体写作”,却正显示出打破固定规范的文体变革趋势;究其动因,是由于发展变化的社会生活和现代人更趋丰富多元的心理内容,需要寻求与之相适应的、新的文体形式予以表达。“实验文体写作”是时代发展导致的必然现象。     

Exposure to School Bullying and Psychological Health in Young Adulthood: A Prospective 10-Year Follow-Up Study

Being bullied at school is strongly related to psychological health complaints at the same time point. Studies have also found long-term associations, but few have combined a prospective design with children’s own reports on bullying, and conducted gender-specific analyses. The present study assesses health consequences in young adulthood of self-reported victimization in adolescence using data from Child-LNU in 2000 and the follow-up in 2010 (including 63% of the original sample, n = 813). At ages 10–18 a clear cross-sectional association was found for both girls and boys. Among girls, exposure to bullying also predicted psychological complaints 10 years later, at ages 20–28 (OR = 2.86). This association was not explained by socioeconomic circumstances, neither in adolescence nor in young adulthood. Instead, it can partly be understood as victimization, among adolescent girls, being associated with negative self-image and psychological health as well as with deficits in social resources more generally.     

Post-Traumatic Stress and Alcohol-Related Problems Following a College Shooting: Effect of Help-Seeking

Our aim was to test the hypothesized relationships between trauma exposure and alcohol-related problems, mediated by PTS symptoms, moderated by prior trauma exposure and help-seeking. Participants were 244 members of a private university who were enrolled or employed at the school on the date of a campus shooting. Online measures were distributed via e-mail in October 2014, and included the AUDIT, BTQ, PCL-5, and self-report measures of trauma exposure and counseling services utilized. The overall moderated mediation model examining the indirect effect of exposure to trauma on alcohol-related problems through PTSD symptoms, moderated by prior trauma and help seeking was significant, β(SE) = .310(.3554), p = .0001. This study highlights the importance of crisis interventions following trauma exposure.     

Perceptions of psychological well-being in UK law academics

This study provides evidence that changing and increasing expectations of university, of students, and of academics of themselves have had an impact upon the perceptions of well-being in the law teachers who responded to this survey. A total of 185 UK law teachers completed a large survey which included demographic questions (age, academic qualifications, and experience), four questionnaires and a series of open-ended questions. Although most reported depression, anxiety and stress levels within the normal range, those who reported high stress levels were significantly more likely to report lower hope scores and higher obstruction of values scores as well as significantly less environmental mastery and self-acceptance. The results reported here indicate the importance of autonomy to law teachers. It is suggested that this is an issue that requires further investigation because of the potential for levels of psychological distress to increase.