构建中国反恐怖法律体系

美国9.11恐怖事件发生后,恐怖主义活动给世界造成的极大危害,已经引起国际社会和各国公众的广泛关注,如何预防和打击恐怖主义成为当今社会的一个重要课题。在预防和打击恐怖主义的各种方法中,法律手段不容忽视。目前中国反恐怖立法比较分散,因此,有必要统一中国的反恐怖立法,构建中国反恐怖法律体系。     

我国偷越国（边）境犯罪现状及惩治措施探析

偷渡是一种涉及全球的非法移民现象，其严重地扰乱了正常的国际交往规则和移民秩序，损害了国家主权、社会稳定和法制尊严，往往也会危及个人生命财产。文章主要阐述了我国公民偷越国（边）境犯罪的现状，分析了其产生的原因，并提出了相应的预防及惩治措施。     

IMAGES OF GOD AND PUBLIC SUPPORT FOR CAPITAL PUNISHMENT: DOES A CLOSE RELATIONSHIP WITH A LOVING GOD MATTER?*

This study argues that the nature and intensity of a person's relationship with God creates a transposable cognitive schema that shapes people's views toward public policies such as executing convicted murderers. In this context, we investigate whether Americans who report having a close personal relationship with a loving God are less likely to support the death penalty. We hypothesize that such a relationship tempers the tendency to see punitiveness as an appropriate response to human failings. Individuals who hold a loving God image are more likely to believe that God responds to those who have “failed” or “sinned” by demonstrating unconditional love, forgiveness, and mercy. Accordingly, support for capital punishment is problematic because it contradicts the image of a merciful, forgiving deity; God's purpose—and admonition to believers—is to demonstrate compassion toward those who have trespassed against others. We test these possibilities using the 2004 General Social Survey (GSS). Controlling for a range of religious factors and other known predictors of death penalty attitudes, the results show that Americans with a personal relationship with a loving God are less likely to support capital punishment for convicted murderers.     

A Reductionist Penal Policy and European Human Rights Standards

Official discourse in many European countries advocates the use of imprisonment as a measure of last resort. This principle is also at the core of several Recommendations of the Council of Europe and a Resolution of the European Parliament. In practice, detention rates in European countries vary greatly, and many countries have witnessed an increase in their prison population. This article argues that the application of deprivation of liberty raises in itself a human rights issue, and considers the support that European human rights instruments give to a reductionist penal policy. It concludes by defending a normative argument in favour of rethinking the principle of proportionality in its application to imprisonment.     

对向犯初论——以相关刑事司法解释为切入点

对向犯是指二人以上互以双方的对向行为的存在为条件的一种犯罪形态。对向犯可以分为彼此同罪、彼此异罪和只罚一方三种类型。彼此俱罪的对向犯,应直接依据刑法分则条文进行处理;只罚一方的对向犯,应综合考虑行为定型性、社会危害性和期待可能性来适用法律。     

死刑:一种残酷的刑罚

残酷刑罚是不尊重罪犯尊严和人格,或者剥夺或限制罪犯不应剥夺或限制的权利,或者无助于实现使罪犯成为新人要求的,或者造成罪犯肉体或精神上极度痛苦的不必要的刑罚。残酷刑罚的认定有绝对性和相对性两个标准。无论从绝对性还是相对性标准看,死刑都是一种残酷的刑罚。     

刑法解释的正义性追问

刑法解释作为联结刑事立法和刑法适用的桥梁和纽带,是揭示作为法理念的正义的重要途径。作为法律的评价体系和评价标准,正义内生于法律文本之中,而外现于法律解释之外。刑法解释的正义化要求做到:为符合解释的实质性正义,刑法解释应以理性的、客观的、公正的视角去看待并观照刑法,以达人性化和谦抑性的要求;为符合解释的形式性正义,刑法解释应满足刑法文本字义的最大射程,并在字义不能自足时,以历史和社会的眼光遵从解释的程序性原则规定;为最大化地实现刑法解释实质正义和形式正义的统一,解释者亦应维护刑法的安定与理想,促成刑法正义的实现。     

刑罚本质的哲学思考

刑罚的本质是决定刑罚之所以为刑罚的内在规定性,是刑罚内部诸要素相互作用的所产生的有机联系,本质是一个综合性的系统,它有层级划分。这是刑罚本质的综合性所决定的,也是运用哲学的方法对刑罚本质进行思考所得出的结论。     

江泽民反腐败思想探析

作为中国共产党第三代领导集体的核心,江泽民同志在领导建设中国特色社会主义的宏伟事业中,十分重视反腐败工作,提出一系列新观点、新思想、新理论。这些内容包括:反腐败事关党和国家的长治久安;对腐败现象滋生蔓延的历史与现实的分析;新时期反腐败斗争的主要措施。     

《联合国反腐败公约》与刑事诉讼法再修改

《联合国反腐败公约》是联合国反腐败领域的第一个重要公约,加入和实施该公约对于我国的刑事司法改革和反腐败斗争必将产生深远影响。该公约的基本精神是“强化严惩犯罪的力度,保障正当程序的底线”。我们应当以此次刑事诉讼法再修改为契机,适时调整我国的刑事司法制度,与公约的要求相适应,以使我国的刑事诉讼法更趋于合理和科学。