基于质量控制的高校科研管理创新研究

高校科研质量管理的对象是科研的实现过程,对科研质量管理有效控制对于科技成果数量形成、科技成果质量提高、科技成果适应市场需求,服务社会都有着积极的促进作用,质量作用的日益重要已成为这个时代的主要现象。应树立质量控制“预防为主”的观念,把握影响高校科研质量的主要因素,对科研质量产生、形成和实现的过程进行控制。     

权利瑕疵担保责任：构成要件与合理性分析

买卖合同中权利瑕疵担保责任的构成要件包括权利瑕疵必须在标的物交付时就已经存在、买受人不知道权利存在瑕疵、当事人没有免除或限制瑕疵担保的特别约定等。实践中,买卖合同的权利瑕疵担保责任虽然有争议但仍存在一定的合理性,权利瑕疵担保责任与我国规定的物权变动模式相协调,与善意取得制度是递进互补关系,具有独特的债权保护价值,它的违约依据价值具有不可抛弃性,其在解决当事人纠纷中仍然发挥着不可替代的作用。     

Benford's Law for Quality Assurance of Manner of Death Counts in Small and Large Databases

To assess if Benford's law, a mathematical law used for quality assurance in accounting, can be applied as a quality assurance measure for the manner of death determination. We examined a regional forensic pathology service's monthly manner of death counts (N = 2352) from 2011 to 2013, and provincial monthly and weekly death counts from 2009 to 2013 (N = 81,831). We tested whether each dataset's leading digit followed Benford's law via the chi‐square test. For each database, we assessed whether number 1 was the most common leading digit. The manner of death counts first digit followed Benford's law in all the three datasets. Two of the three datasets had 1 as the most frequent leading digit. The manner of death data in this study showed qualities consistent with Benford's law. The law has potential as a quality assurance metric in the manner of death determination for both small and large databases.     

HOW AND WHY DOES WORK MATTER? EMPLOYMENT CONDITIONS,ROUTINE ACTIVITIES,AND CRIME AMONG ADULT MALE OFFENDERS*

An inverse relationship between employment and crime is well established, although the mechanisms that account for the correlation remain poorly understood. In the current study, we investigate the role of work quality, measured objectively (hours, income) as well as subjectively (commitment). A routine activities perspective is proposed for the work–crime relationship, and it inspires hypotheses about the way that work reduces crime indirectly, in part, through unstructured leisure and substance‐using behaviors that tend to carry situational inducements to offend. The results derive from within‐person analyses of monthly data provided by adult male offenders recently admitted to state prison in the Second Nebraska Inmate Study (N = 717; NT = 21,965). The findings indicate that employment significantly reduces self‐report crime but only when employed men report strong commitment to their jobs, whereas other work characteristics are unrelated to crime. This indicates that, among serious criminally involved men, the subjective experience of work takes priority over its objective characteristics. The results also indicate that routine activities only partly mediate the relationship among work, job commitment, and crime, whereas the majority of the work–crime relationship remains unmediated.     

公安高校计算机基础教育现状探析

公安高校计算机基础教育的现状是教学内容和实验环境滞后于计算机应用技术的发展、教学无法摆脱应试教育的束缚以及不能很好的满足教学对象不同的需求,制约公安高校计算机基础教育发展。应该完善教学环节、推行素质教育和实行分层教学管理来提高教学水平。     

区域贸易成员实施WTO保障措施问题研究

区域贸易安排的发展已成为国际贸易的一个热点。区域贸易安排中的保障措施制度如何设置和适用,在WTO法律中并无现成答案,有必要关注并加以研究。本文认为,RTA成员之间可以启用保障措施,启用的条件应严于WTO之下保障措施的启用条件。RTA成员启动全球保障措施时,可以在进口增加的调查和保障措施的实施方面均只针对区外成员。     

劫持航空器罪若干疑难问题研究

在我国刑法中,劫持航空器罪的行为对象主要是民用航空器,但也不排除特定条件下的国家航空器。本罪中的"暴力"是专指对驾驶、操作人员实施袭击或其他身体强制。"胁迫",要求不但能引起对方恐惧,还必须达到足以压制对方反抗程度。"其他行为"是指违背航空器合法控制人的意志且属于暴力、胁迫之外的,使航空器合法控制人不知反抗的行为。行为人只有着手实施了"劫持"行为并实际控制了该航空器的程度,才是犯罪既遂。     

金融危机以来蒙古国经济及中蒙经贸合作

自2008年以来,因遭受全球金融危机的冲击,特别是受国际市场矿产品价格波动的影响,蒙古国的经济严重下滑。2009年,蒙古经济呈现出上半年继续下滑,下半年小幅增长的趋势。中国作为蒙古第一大贸易伙伴国和第一大投资国,对蒙经贸合作依然保持着强劲的势头。为中蒙两国经贸关系的持续发展和确保中国对蒙经贸合作第一大国的地位,两国经济合作应该从数量到质量转变,从双边至多边扩展。     

检察公信力建设若干问题之探讨--以宁波市人民检察院为例

我国检察机关执法公信力建设的提出有其社会现实性,相对于其他国家和地区的检察机关的角色定位而言,我国检察机关应该是一个相对独立的法律监督者、清正廉明的法律执行者和以人为本的法律服务者。鉴于这一角色界定,我国检察机关应在案件质量评查、刑检部门及其他部门检察职能规范化建设等几方面着手进行机制体制创新研究,以切实回应社会需要。     

Implementation of a Blind Quality Control Program in a Forensic Laboratory

A blind quality control (QC) program was successfully developed and implemented in the Toxicology, Seized Drugs, Firearms, Latent Prints (Processing and Comparison), Forensic Biology, and Multimedia (Digital and Audio/Video) sections at the Houston Forensic Science Center (HFSC). The program was put into practice based on recommendations set forth in the 2009 National Academy of Sciences report and is conducted in addition to accreditation required annual proficiency tests. The blind QC program allows HFSC to test its entire quality management system and provides a real-time assessment of the laboratory’s proficiency. To ensure the blind QC cases mimicked real casework, the workflow for each forensic discipline and their evidence submission processes were assessed prior to implementation. Samples are created and submitted by the HFSC Quality Division to whom the expected answer is known. Results from 2015 to 2018 show that of the 973 blind samples submitted, 901 were completed, and only 51 were discovered by analysts as being blind QC cases. Implementation data suggests that this type of program can be employed at other forensic laboratories.