论已经发生既判力的案件允许有条件提起再审的合理性——兼论民事诉讼法相关制度的完善

社会秩序的形成和维系产生了对权威判断的需求,而“有错必纠”对我们而言又几乎是天经地义的原则,所以既判例理论与再审制度的冲突与调和成为民事诉讼理论中不可忽视的问题。通过对既判力本质论的分析与比较,可以看到对待再审制度的不同态度在程序正义和实体正义价值目标的统一之下是可以协调的。再审制度是有其存在的合理性的,而此种合理性又应当是有严格条件限制的。在我国,对既判力的立法和再审的启动便是值得审视之处。     

夫妻一方对他方自杀而“见死不救”之刑事责任新探——从“宋福祥故意杀人案”之判决理由谈起

"罪刑法定原则"与"罪刑相适应原则"已经成为我国刑法的基本原则。"宋福祥故意杀人案"之判决理由欠缺合理性与合法性,夫妻一方对他方自杀而"见死不救"的不应当承担刑事责任。在刑事审判中,法官应"以事实为根据,以法律为准绳",以作出正当的个案裁判为己任,在审判中真正做到符合"罪刑法定原则"与"罪刑相适应原则",才能切实保障公民的合法权益,维护社会的和谐稳定,也才能真正实现依法治国。     

‘The rock that can't be moved’: China's revised geostrategies in Myanmar

ABSTRACT

Since 2011, Myanmar has undertaken a series of domestic and foreign policy reforms, including democratisation and peacebuilding, before and after the watershed November 2015 elections in the country. These reform processes have called into question whether China, which has been Myanmar's dominant great power neighbour throughout the previous era of military government in the country formerly known as Burma, would find its strategic position eroding as Myanmar further opens to the international community. However, the concept of China ‘losing’ diplomatic ground to other actors, including the West, in Myanmar implies a zero-sum game that does not adequately address Beijing's still-formidable geostrategic presence vis-à-vis its southern neighbour. China has now started to implement a more multi-faceted, ‘resilience network’-building approach to maintaining its special status in Myanmar's foreign policy, a situation which will persist as Myanmar continues its uncertain path towards further reform.     

Local government reforms: between multifunction and single-purpose organisations

The paper argues that, in ‘revisiting’ the referred-to article published back in 2004, the concept then guiding the analysis would need to be modified particularly on three scores. For one, in order to achieve a more adequate comparison the country selection should be expanded beyond the earlier sample (UK, France, Germany and Sweden) to also capture Southern and Central Eastern European countries. Second, the ‘developmental’ (‘over time’) analysis of the pertinent institutional changes should be further accentuated and complemented by proceeding ‘by (developmental)stages’ instead of ‘country by country’. Third, while still deeming the distinction between ‘multifunction’ and ‘single-purpose’ organisations fruitful to guide a ‘government versus governance’ analysis and interpretation, the distinction between ‘political rationality’ and ‘economic rationality’ should be added with the former (ideal-typically) identified with elected (local) government and the latter seen characteristic of many of the actors in the governance-typical actor networks.     

行政执法理念问题研究

合法性与合理性是行政法的两项基本原则 ,理论指导实践 ,这两项基本原则延伸至行政执法实践中 ,就演变为行政执法所应兼具的两种执法观念。合法性是依法行政的内在要求 ,是行政执法的基本标准 ,而合理性则是现代社会行政执法更深层次的要求     

关于刑事附带民事诉讼的合理性探讨

刑事附带民事诉讼对于提高诉讼效率,防止矛盾判决具有十分重大的意义。由于两种诉讼性质上的差异以及立法上的 不完善,使我国的刑附民程序在设计上有诸多不合理之处,应将民事诉讼从刑事诉讼中分离出去,归并到民事诉讼中,保证性质不同 的诉讼按照自身的规律来进行。     

从形式价值的角度看审判的合理性

西方学者威廉姆.露西教授认为:作为作出判决过程的审判首先应当是一个“合理的过程,”即审判应具有合理性、满足合理性条件。同时,审判作为能够引发国家强制力释放的行为必然应具有合法性。审判是法的实现的一个环节和独立的过程的前提,审判的作出具有理由;理由的归类即具有“真理由;”通过理由的衡量找出“不容辩驳”的理由。作为“合理的过程”的审判之“合理”体现在简单案件和复杂案件的审判中。     

试论行政规范的合理性

满足合理性要求的行政规范有助于建立有效的利益调节机制。因为这样的行政规范能够在价值合理性的基础上实现工具合理性,即以相对较低成本谋求多数人利益需求。因此,必须预设行政规范目的是从“众意”中寻找“公意,”而且规范的内容是对经济和社会的适度干预,设计满足简单而公正的要求的具体程序制度,并建立对已经生效的行政规范的审查、监控机制,从而最大程度地使制定出来的行政规范具有合理性。     

Diffusion and adaptation: why even the Silicon Valley model is adapted as it diffuses to East Asia

Diffusion scholarship expects little adaptation of core elements of policy models. However, the empirical reality is different; diffusion of even highly regarded models, such as the Silicon Valley venture capital (VC) policy model, results in marked adaptation. This article demonstrates why the Silicon Valley VC model is necessarily adapted differently by policy-makers in the geographically, ethnically and economically proximate states of Hong Kong, Taiwan and Singapore. More specifically, these policy-makers' interventionist orientations, private sector financing preferences and international versus domestic firm promotion biases drive contextually rational – and unique – adaptations of the Silicon Valley VC policy model.     

中国司法与民意的沟通——基于主体间交往理性的认知

考察中国传统司法活动特质、民主革命时期司法活动特质、西方司法活动特质,今日之中国司法仍然徘徊在情理与国法之间,面临着司法的六重困局,力求通过主体间交往理性的认知以寻求脱困之思路。在三元结构下,进一步追问谁之民意,调和非理性民意,如网络暴民民意、操纵民意、偏执民意以及变调民意(仇官、仇富、侠客等),通过主体间交往理性的认知,达到沟通民意与司法的效果。通过司法中民意表达的认知机制、方法和路径选择,达成国家司法话语权和民间司法话语权的交涉和沟通,实现由舆论法庭走向制度化表达。