转轨国家利率改革中的存款准备金政策研究

目前大多数发达国家已取消了存款准备金政策,许多转轨国家对法定存款准备金政策实施转为公开市场业务,特别是在利率市场化改革后尤为明显。存款准备金率政策能否达到货币政策调控目标及实现政策效果,应从制度安排、各政策间的关联等多种角度,来分析转轨国家存款准备金的适用性。     

Unemployment and the dynamics of offender populations

This paper models the increase in the participation rate of criminal behavior as either the initiation rate or the career length of criminals changes in response to increases in unemployment. Even with large instantaneous increases in unemployment, the models show a very slow increase in the criminal participation rate, giving a possible explanation of the failure of many studies to demonstrate a link between unemployment and crime levels.     

警犬场犬冠状病毒病的调查

1989年,华东两警犬场爆发冠状病毒病,共发病158条,死亡85条,发病率为27％(158/589)。其中1～5月龄幼犬的发病率高达88.5％(130/152),致死率为65.4％(85/130),发病与年龄有关,以断奶幼犬的发病率和致死率最高;而与性别、品种、季节的关系不明显。长途运输、饲养管理不良、气候突变及体质差可成为本病的诱因。     

农村金融体制改革中的利率市场化研究

农村利率市场化改革是金融体制改革的一部分。以制度系统演化理论为基础,系统性地考察农村金融体制改革背景下利率市场化进程可分为三个阶段,各个阶段的改革内容及其特征各有差异。研究发现,农村金融机构对利率市场化的适应能力较差。进一步推进农村利率市场化改革既需要利率市场化改革的一般性条件,还需要结合农村金融市场特征,积极创造相关内外部条件。     

Unemployment,Guardianship, and Weekday Residential Burglary

The absence of a consistent positive effect of the unemployment rate on the crime rate is perplexing, but it may be partly due to the countervailing effect of guardianship. Using weekly state-level data and a pooled cross-sectional time-series research design, we investigate whether the unemployment rate influences residential burglary. This study contributes to the extant literature by distinguishing between weekday residential burglaries, or those burglaries that occur between the hours of 6 am to 6 pm on weekdays, from weeknight/weekend burglaries. If unemployment increases guardianship because previously employed individuals are now at home during the workday protecting their possessions, the expectation is that the unemployment rate will have an instantaneous negative effect on residential burglaries that transpire during normal working hours. Results buttress the logic associated with the guardianship thesis in that a rise in the unemployment rate only engenders a decrease in weekday residential burglaries.     

中国公司法人格否认制度实证研究

实证研究表明,我国的公司法人格否认制度已经在现实中得到了积极应用。我国的公司面纱刺破率明显高于国外,而且呈现逐年上升的态势。很多案件发生在经济欠发达地区,而且这些地区的刺破率整体上高于经济发达地区。目前所有公司法人格否认案件都针对股东数量很少的有限责任公司提起,而且股东人数越少,刺破率越高,涉及一人公司的面纱刺破率高达100%。与理论预测不同,我国涉及合同之债和侵权之债的案件在刺破率上并没有明显不同,而且在公司集团场合的刺破率不高反低。混同是最为常见的刺破理由,其中财产混同又适用最多,导致的刺破率也最高。     

Dating of Inkpad Seals Using the Extraction Rate Method: Preliminary Findings

Inkpad seals are often placed on important documents, and determining the date when a seal was affixed can be important to assess the authenticity of a document. In this study, three different brands of inkpads and four different types of paper were used to make diachronic samples of the seals. A double‐solvent extraction method was employed to date the inkpad seals by comparing extraction rates with inks of known age. Cyclohexane was selected as a weak solvent, and chlorobenzene was selected as a strong solvent. After testing, curves were created to show the relationship between the extraction percentage of ink and the date of the seals. The experimental results showed that the extraction rate method was applicable for the relative dating of inkpad seals in some cases where the seal was placed on the document within 6 months.     

HEART RATE AND ANTISOCIAL BEHAVIOR: THE MEDIATING ROLE OF IMPULSIVE SENSATION SEEKING

Although a low resting heart rate is considered the best‐replicated biological correlate of antisocial behavior, the mechanism underlying this relationship remains largely unknown. Sensation‐seeking and fearlessness theories have been proposed to explain this relationship, although little empirical research has been conducted to test these theories. This study addressed this limitation by examining the relationship between heart rate and antisocial behavior in a community sample of 335 adolescent boys. Heart rate was measured during a series of cognitive, stress, and rest tasks. Participants also completed self‐report measures of state fear, impulsive sensation seeking, and both aggressive and nonaggressive forms of antisocial behavior. As expected, increased levels of aggression and nonviolent delinquency were associated with a low heart rate. Impulsive sensation seeking, but not fearlessness, significantly mediated the association between heart rate and aggression. This study is the first to show that impulsive sensation seeking partly underlies the relationship between aggression and heart rate, and it is one of the few to examine the mechanism of action linking heart rate to antisocial behavior. Findings at a theoretical level highlight the role of impulsive sensation seeking in understanding antisocial behavior and at an intervention level suggest it as a potential target for behavioral change.     

Confidence in an election authority and satisfaction with democracy: Evidence from a quasi-natural experiment of a failed election in Sweden

Contemporary research on electoral integrity has focused on the functioning, evaluation, and legitimacy of electoral processes in emerging democracies. By contrast, this study investigates whether a failed election in a well-established democracy can affect individuals' evaluations of the electoral management body, the Election Authority, and whether those evaluations affect satisfaction with democracy. Using the case of a Swedish regional election in 2010 that had to be rerun due to procedural mistakes in the vote handling, we found that, in the short term, individuals’ confidence in the Election Authority was reduced after it was announced that the election had to be rerun because of the mistakes. Subsequently, this decreased confidence was strongly associated with less satisfaction with democracy at the regional and national level. As good news for the authority, after a successful rerun election, confidence rebounded to the levels prior to the failed election.