用电子计算机图象处理方法测定人体体表损伤面积

本研究从应用出发，以摄像头和扫描仪作为输入源，用计算机Ｃ语言开发了对不规则形状的人体体表损伤面积的大小和灰度进行测定的应用软件。该软件具有操作简单、速度快和正确性好等特点。本研究工作的成果已初步应用于我所法医临床伤害鉴定的实践。     

利用多波段光源提取表面凹凸类客体上指纹再研究

在犯罪现场,案犯在表面凹凸类客体上留下指纹比较常见,如何完整有效地提取该类客体上的指纹,日显重要。利用多波段光源及3种凹凸不平客体,采用原物照相提取、转印提取、新旧对比提取,是提取该类客体上指纹的有效方法。     

基于点云数据的瘢痕长度测量方案

瘢痕鉴定是法医工作中重要的一项任务,对瘢痕的纹理、位置和长度等信息都有着细致的规定和要求。通过三维扫描仪可以便捷地获取点云数据,还原瘢痕区域的具体结构,为瘢痕鉴定提供新的工具。本文基于三维点云数据,提取瘢痕的趋势线,进行瘢痕长度测量。该方案首先对三维瘢痕数据进行投影,在二维平面上提取瘢痕的端点和关键点。然后在三维曲面上通过近邻搜索和向量内积的方法,依次连接所有关键点得到沿瘢痕表面的趋势线,计算瘢痕的长度。本文实验中使用的三维瘢痕点云来自某法医司法鉴定中心的工作内容,通过三维扫描仪提取。在实验数据上的应用结果显示,提取的趋势线在瘢痕表面贴合程度较好,可以跟随曲面进行弯折,可靠性很高。以点为核心的计算方法,在后续测量功能改进中也有较大的空间。     

口蹄疫病毒3C蛋白酶的T4噬菌体表面展示

对FMDV 3C基因克隆质粒p3C-T进行PCR扩增,获得了口蹄疫病毒3C蛋白酶基因片段,将此片段与T4噬菌体整合质粒pR的EcoRⅠ酶切片段连接,转化E．coli,DH5α工程菌,经EcoRⅠ酶切、质粒PCR扩增、插入方向筛选及测序鉴定,成功获得了T4噬菌体重组整合质粒pR- 3C。将其转化E．coli E2后,与SOC基因缺失的噬菌体φT4-Z1同源重组,经溶菌酶依赖性筛选,获得了快速溶菌型噬菌体φT4-3C。经噬菌体PCR扩增、SDS-PAGE分析和Western-bot分析,重组噬菌体可展示约26 ku的重组蛋白;其大小与预期相符,具有免疫原性。     

二氧化钛显现手印研究

目的建立应用二氧化钛的小微粒悬浮液来显现潜在手印的方法。方法选择6种不同客体,分别取普通汗和皮脂汗手印各40枚,各保存1天和7天,用二氧化钛小微粒悬浮液进行手印显现。结果保存1天和7天的汗潜手印显现结果没有很大区别,但皮脂汗手印显现效果好于普通汗手印。结论二氧化钛的小微粒悬浮液可以有效地显现出光滑非渗透性客体表面的潜手印。     

从能指到所指?——文学翻译个案研究

在文学文本的阐释中,语言的解码对于译者而言具有不同于读者的特殊性,译者往往专注于原语文本———目的语文本的深层解码———编码,而忽略目的语文本的表层编码,正是这后一个缺项,压缩了目的语读者应有的解码空间。因而,译者在面临以能指为特征的文本时,应尽量再现目的语文本能指的指涉空间,即还能指以能指。     

The Effects of Polymer Pigmentation on Fingermark Development Techniques

The effectiveness of latent fingerprint development techniques is heavily influenced by the physical and chemical properties of the deposition surface. The use of powder suspensions is increasing for development of prints on a range of surfaces. We demonstrate that carbon powder suspension development on polymers is detrimentally affected by the presence of common white pigment, titanium dioxide. Scanning electron microscopy demonstrates that patches of the compound are clearly associated with increased levels of powder adhesion. Substrates with nonlocalized titanium dioxide content also exhibit increased levels of carbon powder staining on a surface‐wide basis. Secondary ion mass spectrometry and complementary techniques demonstrate the importance of levels of the pigment within the top 30 nm. The association is independent of fingermark deposition and may be related to surface energy variation. The detrimental effect of the pigment is not observed with small‐particle reagent (MoS₂ SPR) or cyanoacrylate (superglue) fuming techniques that exploit different development mechanisms.     

Comparison of four skeletal methods for the estimation of age at death on white and black adults

ABSTRACT: When analyzing human adult skeletal remains, it is often difficult to decide whether a single aging method will give a more reliable age estimation than a combination of methods. This study evaluates four macroscopic indicators for age estimation on 218 American White and Black individuals, ranging in age from 25 to 90 years of age, from the Terry collection. Individuals in the sample were selected to have a balanced race, sex, and age distribution. The following aging methods were applied to each skeleton by one experienced observer: the Suchey–Brooks (SB) pubic symphysis method, the Lovejoy auricular surface method, the monoradicular teeth Lamendin (LM) method, and the I?can (IC) method for fourth ribs. The statistical study involved the evaluation of inaccuracy and bias (based on median age) for each age indicator and the combination of methods using Principal component analysis (PCA). Analysis was performed on the entire sample, then by race, then sex, and then age group (25–40 years, 41–60 years, and >60 years). PCA was the most accurate method for both racial groups when all age groups are analyzed together. When the sample was divided into age groups, SB was the most accurate for young adults (25–40 years) and LM was the most accurate for middle adults (41–60 years). After the age of 60, all methods are highly inaccurate, although IC gives the lowest inaccuracy. As regards bias, the study highlights the tendency of all methods to overestimate the age of young individuals and to underestimate in the older age group. No single skeletal indicator of age at death is ever likely to reflect accurately the many factors that accumulate with chronological age. In fact, one must use as many dental and skeletal indicators as possible. However, in order to maximize the potential of each method, in the final evaluation one should consider mainly the method or methods that have a higher accuracy for a particular age range.     

四氧化钌显现潜手印研究

目的探索显现潜手印的新方法。方法通过实验研究提出四氧化钌显现方法。结果对遗留在白纸、报纸、玻璃及木板等4种客体上的新鲜及陈旧潜手印的显现实验，得出比较理想的显现效果。     

试论单位自首之认定

单位犯罪作为一项崭新的法律制度在1997年已经被全面地载入我国刑法当中,虽然关于单位犯罪的制度已经在我国确立下来,但是关于单位犯罪的自首问题在理论和实践上仍存在着很大争议。文章通过单位自首的实质条件以及形式条件这两方面对如何认定单位自首进行研究和探讨,以期能够对单位自首的刑事立法以及司法实践有所裨益。