完善民族地方自治立法 促进民族地区和谐社会建设

民族区域自治制度是我国处理民族问题的基本政治制度。作为民族区域自治制度有效保障的民族自治地方立法还不尽完善,制约着和谐社会的建设步伐。完善民族自治地方立法,需要切实转变观念,提高立法效率,重视立法技术,充实有关内容,加强民族经济立法,重视对少数民族习惯法的研究和借鉴。健全和完善民族自治地方立法,有利于坚持和完善民族区域自治制度,促进和谐的民族大家庭建设,加快少数民族和民族地区经济社会全面协调和可持续发展,实现各民族共同繁荣。     

论国际私法的实质主义法律选择方法

国际私法的实质主义法律选择方法注重相关实体法的具体内容,而不像形式主义法律选择方法那样强调立法管辖权的选择。12世纪意大利后注释法学派代表人物阿尔德里克的"结果选择理论"是实质主义法律选择方法的早期形式,20世纪美国著名冲突法学者利弗拉尔的"较好法律说"则是实质主义法律选择理论的典型代表。形式主义与实质主义法律选择方法的对立的实质在于法的确定性与公平性之间的矛盾。在调和两种价值追求的立法和司法实践中,德国1999年《民法施行法》修正案与美国《第二次冲突法重述》相比更加有效。     

罪责的客观化与期待可能性理论的命运

当代刑法对风险控制与危害预防的强调,使得罪责概念的内容经历了重大的变化。随着对行为人的控制能力的强调,以选择自由为基础的传统规范责任论被废弃。期待可能性被从责任论中剥离出来,其重要性也日益呈下降的趋势。期待可能性理论在当代所遭遇的命运,折射出刑法任务观的重新定位对刑法体系中具体制度与理论的重大影响。     

区域知识产权自主创新能力与潜力研究——以河北省为例

区域知识产权自主创新是国家知识产权战略的重要组成部分,但目前我国区域知识产权创新还存在着数量少、质量低、创新效率不高等问题。本文以河北省为例,分析了问题的主要原因在于知识产权创新体系不完善,创新意识淡薄,创新激励机制不完善,高层次创新人才不足,创新经费投入强度较低,创新平台的规模、结构不合理等六个方面。提高我国区域知识产权自主创新能力需要营造良好的知识产权创新社会文化环境,建立健全知识产权工作体系,培养和吸引高层次人才,拓宽融资渠道,建设并优化创新平台。     

自然人流动规制的晚近发展及其对中国的启示自然人流动规制的晚近发展及其对中国的启示

自然人流动作为跨国服务提供方式之一，在全球服务贸易中发挥着日益重要的作用。晚近的立法和实践表明：自然人流动的规制总体上呈现多边谈判进程缓慢、区域和双边协定安排灵活多样、国内立法规制复杂细致等特征。自然人流动是我国服务贸易领域对外开放的重点，我国应加强国际合作，在未来的多边谈判中争取主动，尽快完善相关立法和配套制度。     

区域行政——一种构建和谐社会的新思路

和谐社会的内涵丰富，构建和谐社会的思路与方法也有很多，把区域行政作为构建和谐社会的思路之一，是一种创新。因为，区域行政是一种全新的区域治理模式，包含一系列丰富的内涵。区域行政思路下的和谐社会构建，就是要在区域内推进民主与法治建设，树立公平与正义的价值观，倡导诚信友爱的人际交往观念，形成充满生机与活力的发展局面，保持社会安定有序，促进人与自然和谐相处，筑牢筑实建设区域和谐社会的政治、心理、交流、动力、稳定和社会基础。     

The gender politics of executive candidate selection and reselection

This research provides new theoretical and empirical insights into the gender politics of the springboards to chief executive office. The extremely masculinised composition of the relatively few top national executive positions has posed a serious impediment to empirically assessing the conditions that may facilitate women's under-representation and men's over-representation. To overcome this constraint, this study looks at the top regional executive office across four West European countries that present a multilevel state structure – namely Austria, Germany, Spain and the United Kingdom. Using two original datasets, the article examines the ways in which the selection and reselection of regional prime ministerial candidates is shaped by individual, organisational and institutional factors that produce heterogeneous experiences and career opportunities across sex. The results show that women have not shattered the glass ceiling at the regional level and pinpoint the fact that they are held to higher standards, benefit less from the political resources they possess and are more dependent on the decision environment in which parties select executive candidates. The conclusion is that the rules of the game guiding selection and reselection processes are strongly biased towards men.     

Polycentric Systems and Multiscale Climate Change Mitigation and Adaptation in the Built Environment

Addressing climate change requires consideration of mitigation and adaptation opportunities at multiple spatial scales. This is particularly true in the built environment, defined here to include individual buildings, neighborhoods, and the spaces between. The current U.S. political environment portends fewer resources and coordinating services for mitigation and adaptation at the federal level, however, reinforcing the relevance and necessity of actions at subnational levels. In this study, we evaluate the applicability of a polycentric model of governance to the implementation of mitigation and adaptation practices, as well as the presence of polycentric systems in the built environment. We assemble a database of practices with the potential to achieve both mitigation and adaptation objectives, as well as those that may be cross‐purposed or that may achieve one but not the other. We review practices to gauge the applicability of a polycentric model of governance to mitigation and adaptation practices in the built environment, and examine the attributes of three existing adaptation and/or mitigation programs to assess the extent to which they exhibit polycentric attributes. We conclude with recommendations for a broader research agenda, including efforts to develop more in‐depth examinations into individual programs and comparative analysis of performances of different governance attributes.     

Venue Preference and Earthquake Mitigation Policy: Expanding the Micro‐Model of Policy Choice

Seismologists have reported that a majority of recent earthquakes in Oklahoma have been triggered by the activities of oil and gas companies. Despite this fact, there is evidence of strong opposition toward earthquake mitigation policy. In this article, we argue that how individuals define issues affect their policy choice. Furthermore, we incorporate the concept of venue shopping from the literature on macro theories of the policy process to investigate the effect of problem definition in shaping individual venue preference for policy choice. Using unique survey data, we find that problem definition, particularly issue causality and issue image, is strongly related to individual support for earthquake mitigation policy. However, a more nuanced relationship between individual problem definition and venue preference is observed. Our findings contribute to scholarly endeavors to understand the politics of problem definition at an individual level, which may be the precursor of understanding policy choices at the institutional level.     

Governing Unconventional Oil and Gas Extraction: The Case of Pennsylvania

Over the past decade, directional drilling and hydraulic fracturing enabled an unconventional oil and gas extraction (UOGE) boom in many regions of the United States, including parts of Pennsylvania. This revolution has created serious concerns about the capability of existing institutions to govern important societal outcomes associated with UOGE. We present a conceptual framework for assessing key societal outcomes influenced by UOGE governance. In applying this framework to Pennsylvania, we discern certain institutional strengths that have allowed the Commonwealth to reap appreciable short‐term economic growth from rich resource endowments. We also find, however, that several institutional weaknesses have allowed costs externalized to the environment, public health, and community integrity to offset some proportion of those economic benefits. Likewise, we find that governance of UOGE in Pennsylvania has contributed to a bifurcated sociopolitical landscape wherein adversarial coalitions dispute the legitimacy of the industry and its governance.