COMMUNITY ACCOUNTABILITY,MINORITY THREAT,AND POLICE BRUTALITY: AN EXAMINATION OF CIVIL RIGHTS CRIMINAL COMPLAINTS*

A growing body of evidence shows that minorities are disproportionately the targets of police brutality, but important theoretical questions about the causes of that inequity remain unanswered. One promising line of research involves structural‐level analyses of the incidence of police brutality complaints; however, existing studies do not incorporate variables from alternative theoretical explanations. Drawing on the community accountability hypothesis and the threat hypothesis, we tested the predictions of two prominent structural‐level explanations of police brutality in a study of civil rights criminal complaints. The study included cities of 150,000+ population (n = 114). The findings reveal that two community accountability variables—ratio percent Hispanic citizens to percent Hispanic police officers and the presence of citizen review—were related positively to police brutality complaints, partially supporting that perspective. Two threat hypothesis measures of threatening people—percent black and percent Hispanic (in the Southwest)—were related positively to complaints, as predicted. The relative degree of support for the two hypotheses is assessed.     

社会主义核心价值的多维探源

社会主义的核心价值是无产阶级对人类共同理想的解读,是生产社会化要求的推导,是对资本主义价值理念的“扬弃,”是共产主义价值目标的“初级”表现。     

水牛瘤胃细菌及纤毛虫孕酮受体分析

本实验采用放射受体分析测定水牛瘤胃细菌及纤毛虫孕酮受体(PgR),其量用fmol/mg蛋白表示,作Scatchard图求其解离常数Kd。结果为:水牛瘤胃细菌PgR和纤毛虫PgR的最大结合容量分别是412.61±35.60和39.84±8.66fmol/mg蛋白;而其Kd值分别等于2.79±0.33×10~(-9)和8.46±0.50×10~(-11)M;此两种来源的受体与孕酮的结合表现出明显的专一性并随配基浓度的增加出现饱和。纤毛虫PgR的Scatchard曲线上凸,提示其与配基的结合较为复 杂,可能存在正协同效应;而细菌PgR与孕酮的结合较为均一,表现为其Scatchard曲线典型。竞争结合分析结果显示17β-雌二醇,皮质醇及睾酮与细菌PgR无交叉反应,醛固酮对之有微弱的竞争结合作用;纤毛虫PgR对皮质酮和醛固酮均有一定程度的竞争结合能力,但不结合17β-雌二醇和睾酮。     

和谐教育观在部队青年干部思想教育中的应用

在部队青年干部思想道德教育中贯彻“三个代表”的要求,关键在于坚持和谐发展观,只有坚持和谐发展观、协调发展的思想,才能把传统的部队青年干部思想教育理念转变到以人为本的素质教育理念上来,也才能实现部队青年干部思想道德教育在教育内容和教育方法上的创新,使部队青年干部思想道德教育和谐、健康的发展。     

Violence,fear, and development in Latin America: a critical overview

This introduction presents the core concepts that shape this special issue on the impact of violence and the processes of development in Central and South America. The understanding of development is considered in terms broader than the economic context alone, in order to assess wider social and political aspects. With a similarly expansive scope, forms of violence are addressed that range from direct physical harm and bodily attack to the often more subtle aggression of racialised abuse or the pressures on community-centred production from dominant market forces. In these contexts, violence, economic initiatives, and political allegiances form unintended and often dangerous networks of consequence for development matters. All the articles in this volume exemplify further the spatial environments of violence and diverse ‘landscapes of fear’ that shape our existence and help to define our actions, territories, and understanding of what happens around us.     

健全和完善公民表达权的法律保障机制

党的十七大报告把"表达权"列为公民四权之一,并强调要依法保障,这对我国推进社会主义民主法治、构建和谐社会以及大力发展文化创新都具有非常重要的意义。然而,现行法律、法规以及司法资源对"表达权"的保护相对不足,因此,需要进一步健全和完善公民表达权的法律保障机制。     

论定罪中的“主客观相统一原则”——解读刑法理论中的主观主义与客观主义

我国定罪中的“主客观相统一原则”以我国犯罪构成中的主观要件与客观要件的有机统一为基本逻辑支撑点,是犯罪成立条件体系中所应遵循的原则。因此,其与在犯罪本质论层面上所出现的主观主义与客观主义之间无内在的逻辑关系,也不是对主观主义与客观主义之缺陷的扬弃。主观主义和客观主义是关于犯罪本质为何物的理论争论,因此不应在犯罪成立条件层面上对它们进行解读。定罪中的“主客观相统一原则”不是静态的要件之统一,而是定罪过程中复数主体间的共识。     

Social capital

In parallel with, and as a complement to, globalisation, ‘social capital’ has enjoyed a meteoric rise across the social sciences over the last two decades. Not surprisingly, it has been particularly prominent across development studies, not least through heavy promotion by the World Bank. As a concept, though, as has been argued persistently by a minority critical literature, social capital is fundamentally flawed. Although capable of addressing almost anything designated as social, it has tended to neglect the state, class, power, and conflict. As a buzzword, it has heavily constrained the currently progressive departure from the extremes of neo-liberalism and post-modernism at a time of extremely aggressive assault by economics imperialism. Social capital should not be ignored but contested – and rejected.     

血浆中芬太尼的检测

本文概括阐述了近10年国内外检测血浆中芬太尼的基本情况。对各种检测方法及分离净化过程中应用的各种萃取方法进行了对比和分析。在此基础上提出我国药物动力学研究及公安司法工作对检测血浆中芬太尼的新要求。     

社会公平正文的制度经济学分析

实现和维护社会公平正义,是构建社会主义和谐社会的关键。本文从制度经济学视角对社会公平正义进行了分析,指出它的制度属性和所具有的强制性、局限性、承接性和阶段性特征,探讨了关于社会公平正义的制度变迁的诱致原因,提出了进行社会公平正义制度建设的几点建议。