论刑事律师的利益冲突规制

作为律师职业伦理中的重要规则,利益冲突及其规制在我国刑事领域受到了不应有的忽视。规制利益冲突体现了律师消极的忠诚义务,是司法程序理性运行的要求,也有助于维护律师的职业形象。根据利益冲突的严重程度,可将利益冲突划分为直接的利益冲突和间接的利益冲突。基于对利益冲突的严重性、实体真实的发现、当事人获得律师帮助的权利、律师自由执业的机会等因素的考虑,律师存在强制性规避和任意性规避两种方式。违反利益冲突规则既会使律师个人承担责任,也会带来程序性的法律后果。目前,律师利益冲突的规制在我国尚处于起步阶段,未来在利益冲突的类型划分、律师规避、法律后果以及司法审查等方面都有待进一步完善。     

多维社会资本交融与近代女性公益组织的生发——以清末广州“公益女学堂”为例

与既往对晚清公益的研讨多限于男性组织的研究不同,本文选择广州“ 公益女学堂”作为个案,发现当时投身公益的晚清女性,绝大多数出自绅商阶层。正是基于地缘、学缘和阶层等交往形成的关系型社会资本和基于同道中人的理解、欣赏和信任而产生的认知型社会资本,在同一群亲友型志士群体中深度交融,为当时不被主流社会所容的有志女性生产出一个相对自由包容的“平行世界” ———既是女性公益事业生发之初最现成的组织依托,又是其存续和发展最关键的抗风险系统。本文遂提出多维社会资本交融的观点,来解释中国女性近代公益组织的生发机制。事实上,这样一种集多层次社会资本为一体的亲友型志士网络广泛存在于近代中国变革的肌理之中,尚有待于未来更多深化和拓展。     

我国涉外企业逆向避税问题探讨

我国涉外企业的逆向避税问题严重,逆向避税的动机主要表现在非税方面。针对这一现象,我国在法律制度和政府行为方面都要有相应的对策。     

我国患者近亲属参与医疗决定之法律研究

我国理论界关于患者近亲属参与医疗决定的利弊之争由来已久,实践中各部门和院方也表现出不同的态度和做法。然而,以往各学者的论证也只是将焦点放在患者单方的利益,而少有人关注患者近亲属的合法权益。他们把患者的医疗活动看得过于理想化、无涉他性,完全忽视了患者医疗权利的追求要受到其家庭利益和其近亲属利益的限制。权利的行使是有界限的,在关注患者自主权时,既要立足于我国国情,也要对患者近亲属的合法权益进行考量和保护。     

建立我国刑罚执行中的回避制度

刑事诉讼中的回避制度是确保刑事案件得到公正处理的程序设置。建立刑罚执行中的回避制度,使得受到刑罚的服刑犯人能够得到公正、公平的刑罚惩罚,得到公正的执行,这也是程序公正的必然内容。针对刑罚执行对象与刑罚执行人员之间的特殊关系而实行回避,是对服刑犯人进行彻底改造的重要保证,是对刑罚执行制度的完善。     

税收撤销权的运行环境分析

税收撤销权制度是从民法上移植而来的一项法律制度,但颁布以来一直没有得到很好的执行。存在的问题主要在于制度规定不够明晰以及社会环境与税收撤销权制度的契合度不高两个方面,制度的改进也应从这两个方面进行。     

浅谈"亲亲相隐"入律的合理性

亲亲相隐是中国古代法一直遵循的一项基本原则,体现了中国特有的宗法制度和人伦情怀.然而及至近代,在对西法的移植过程中,中国逐渐抛弃了这种几千年来一脉相承的法律思想,严重背弃了传统和中国特有的法文化,使得一部分的立法和法律实施得不到民众的认同,长此以往,对社会主义法治势必造成负面影响,因此,"亲亲相隐"入律符合中国法律的传...     

准确判定为亲友非法牟利罪

要准确判定为亲友非法牟利罪 ,必须明了该罪的法律特征 ,准确把握为亲友非法牟利罪与非罪的标准 ,严格区分为亲友非法牟利罪和他罪的界限。     

The limits of market power in shaping international regulatory cooperation: path dependence and loss avoidance in the Trans-Pacific Partnership negotiations

What factors shape the ability of the United States to negotiate international regulatory cooperation? This paper discusses three theoretical approaches that help to explain the potential for regulatory change – market power, historical institutionalism, and loss avoidance – and applies them to the negotiation of regulatory issues in the Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP). It seeks to understand why the regulatory disciplines in some TPP chapters were more rigorous than those in other chapters. Focusing on case-studies of the chapters on state-owned enterprises and regulatory coherence, the paper argues that the market power of the United States is more likely to secure stronger regulatory disciplines when there is: (1) a strong loss avoidance coalition in the USA pushing for change, and (2) a weakly institutionalized regulatory framework among parties in a given issue area that makes path dependence less important.     

I Shield Myself From Thee: Selective Avoidance on Social Media During Political Protests

This study examines the phenomenon of politically motivated selective avoidance on Facebook in the context of the Hong Kong Umbrella Movement protests in 2014. We conceptualize selective avoidance as individual choices that users make to shield themselves from undesirable dissonant views by removing unwanted information and breaking social ties that transmit such information. Given the political turmoil and high level of polarization during the protests, we argue that selective avoidance was related to the socio-psychological factor of perceived out-group threat. We present an analysis of a survey of 769 students from Hong Kong conducted at the height of the street protests. We find that 15.6% of the respondents removed content and/or unfriended a Facebook friend during the protests. The use of Facebook for protest-related information and expression was associated with higher likelihood of selective avoidance, which in turn predicted actual participation in the street protests. The level of perceived out-group threat strengthened the positive relationship between Facebook use and selective avoidance. We thus argue that group conflict in a time of political turmoil may catalyze selective avoidance, transforming a heterogeneous socio-informational environment into a more insulated gated community. Such acts may promote protest participation but also lead to a more fragmented and polarized citizenry.