Coping Strategies in Young Male Prisoners

The general aim of this study is to analyze diverse aspects relating to the use of coping strategies among prison inmates. The specific objectives are (a) to analyze which type of coping strategies predominate among prisoners, considering both the focus and the method; (b) to relate the use of coping strategies with variables related to the prison environment: time spent in prison, previous convictions (first-time vs. repeat offenders) and custodial status (remand vs. convicted inmates); (c) to relate the coping strategies with the appraisal of the stressing situation previously described by the prisoners; and (d) to relate the cognitive level to the strategies used. The sample is composed of 107 males between 18 and 25 years of age in the Centre Penitenciari de Joves de Barcelona (Spain). The coping strategies were analyzed by means of the Coping Responses Inventory Adult Form (CRI-Adult; Moos, R.H. (1993). Coping Responses Inventory. CRI-Adult Form. Manual. Psychological Assessment, Resources, Inc., Odessa, FL.). The data indicate that the predominant strategies are those of cognitive approach. Likewise, it was found that there was a certain relationship between the appraisal of the problem described and the strategies used. The variables time spent in prison and previous convictions influenced the use of specific coping strategies. No connection between coping strategies and the intellectual level was found.     

The Role of Trust in Nurturing Compliance: A Study of Accused Tax Avoiders

Why an institution's rules and regulations are obeyed or disobeyed is an important question for regulatory agencies. This paper discusses the findings of an empirical study that shows that the use of threat and legal coercion as a regulatory tool--in addition to being more expensive to implement--can sometimes be ineffective in gaining compliance. Using survey data collected from 2,292 taxpayers accused of tax avoidance, it will be demonstrated that variables such as trust need to be considered when managing noncompliance. If regulators are seen to be acting fairly, people will trust the motives of that authority, and will defer to their decisions voluntarily. This paper therefore argues that to shape desired behavior, regulators will need to move beyond motivation linked purely to deterrence. Strategies directed at reducing levels of distrust between the two sides may prove particularly effective in gaining voluntary compliance with an organization's rules and regulations.     

试论走私罪之法律规制缺陷及完善

现行刑法关于走私犯罪的规定在立法上、司法适用上存在缺陷 ,不利于打击各种走私犯罪。为弥补法律规定及司法适用之缺陷 ,需增设走私其他禁止进出口物品罪 ,并对单位走私犯罪等有关内容进行修改和完善。     

反避税新探

随着我国经济发展和对外开放步伐的加快,税收中避税带来的危害也与日俱增。我国目前已经加大了反避税的力度,并且针对避税活动采取了一系列反避税措施。但是,当前反避税工作所取得的成绩却不甚理想。其原因主要有:反避税缺乏法律依据;对反避税立法的滞后性及法律冲突估计不足;反避税机制不健全。要解决反避税中存在的问题,应该在理论上加强研究,在实践中注重革新。     

A Case Control Study of Adolescent Risky Sexual Behavior and Its Relationship to Personality Dimensions,Conduct Disorder,and Substance Use

In comparison to the general adolescent population, adolescents with a history of externalizing behaviors including substance use and conduct disorder are younger at first intercourse, have a larger number of sexual partners, and use condoms less often when they engage in intercourse, placing them at higher risk for sexually transmitted diseases as well as unplanned pregnancy (Morris, R. E., Baker, C. J., Valentine, M., and Pennisi, A. J. (1998). J. Adolesc. Health 23: 39–48). A primary goal of this paper was to examine linkages between Cloninger's novelty-seeking, harm avoidance, and reward dependence dimensions and risky sexual behavior among 200 boys in treatment for substance abuse and delinquency compared to 200 boys recruited from the community, and matched on age, ethnicity, and geographic location. Analyses indicated that though there were mean differences on all personality constructs examined, these differences in personality failed to account for observed differences in risky sexual behavior. The structure of problem behavior also differed in the 2 groups.     

论中国古代刑法中的“相隐”原则

"同居相为隐"是古代刑法原则,有其自身的历史沿革过程与传统文化基础.其中,中国古代社会的政治法律制度与宗法制度是相共生的.因此,"同居相为隐"这一古代刑法原则的形成与确立有其历史必然性.通过中国古代法与现代法的根本精神的比照可以明了"同居相为隐"原则的内涵.对该原则的历史责难介入了"伦理与法律的冲突"这样一个传统的命题,最终的意旨在于通过考察传统亲伦精神,能够对我们现代的立法精神、价值趋向有所启发.     

Avoidance and appropriation in Bishkek: dealing with time,space and urbanity in Kyrgyzstan's capital

ABSTRACT

Much has changed since Frunze was renamed Bishkek in 1991 and became the capital of independent Kyrgyzstan. Though it was once considered to be among the ‘greenest’ and most ‘orderly’ cities of the Soviet Union, today many of its long-term residents complain about the new settlements (novostroiki) that have emerged during the last two decades. To Bishkek's urbanites, the recent arrival of migrants is not associated with an escape from rural poverty and a rightful struggle for civic rights, but indicates a massive cultural and aesthetic degradation of familiar urban life. In this article, beyond contesting narratives of cosmopolitan nostalgia vs. legitimate belonging, I investigate how urban practitioners in fact produce and deal with different spaces in the city. My ethnographic accounts not only identify social avoidance as an essential pulse of Bishkek's current rhythm, but also illustrate that after a period of post-rural socialization previously stigmatized migrants may manage to smoothly blend into urban spatial flows and lifestyles.     

论利用影响力受贿罪的犯罪构成要件

利用影响力受贿罪是在我国刑法修正案七中新增加的一个罪名。由于法律对近亲属和关系密切的人这一主体的范围没有明确规定,在法律适用上,容易产生分歧,本文将依据我国相关的法律规定并结合国情对利用影响力受贿罪的犯罪构成要件加以论述,并重点探讨犯罪主体的界定问题。     

新中国解决归侨和侨眷粮食安全问题探析

建国初期,大批归国华侨急需救济。在侨区,由于部分地方干部忽视了归侨和侨眷的特殊性,在执行土改和侨汇以及粮食统购统销政策中侵犯了归侨和侨眷的利益,加之其他客观因素,造成了较为严重的归侨、侨眷粮食安全问题。对此,党和政府高度重视,采取了一系列措施,对归侨妥善安置救济,帮助他们创业立业;及时纠正工作中的偏差,保护侨眷的合法权益,对其悉心照顾。在国家整体粮食安全水平不高的情况下,确保归侨、侨眷得到生存和健康所需要的足够粮食,成功地解决了他们的粮食安全问题,巩固和扩大了这一时期的爱国统一阵线,为广大海外华人华侨、归侨和侨眷投身祖国的社会主义建设,为人民政权的稳固和发展奠定了坚实基础。     

Blame shifting and blame obfuscation: The blame avoidance effects of delegation in the European Union

The delegation of governance tasks to third parties is generally assumed to help governments to avoid blame once policies become contested. International organizations, including the European Union (EU), are considered particularly opportune in this regard. The literature lacks assessments of the blame avoidance effects of delegation, let alone of the effects of different delegation designs. To address this gap in the literature, we study public blame attributions in the media coverage of two contested EU policies during the financial crisis and the migration crisis. We show that the blame avoidance effect of delegation depends on the delegation design: When agents are independent (dependent) of government control, we observe lower (higher) shares of public blame attributions targeting the government (blame shifting effect), and when agents are external (internal) to the government apparatus, overall public blame attributions for a contested policy will be less (more) frequent (blame obfuscation effect). Our findings yield important normative implications for how to maintain governments’ accountability once they have delegated governance tasks to third parties.