困境与出路:领域法理论下的警察法学发展

警察法学属于我国法律体系中不可或缺的板块,也是提升社会安全法治能力的理论抓手。遗憾的是,当前我国警察法学的发展深陷概念模糊化、体系碎片化、研究边缘化、教学粗浅化的困境,若不及时矫正,势必将警察法学的研究、教学和实践引入歧途。领域法是近年来新兴的法学理念,强调问题导向与解决策略,能有效融合法教义学与社科法学的思维特点。在领域法学的指引下,研究者需明确警察法学的领域概念,厘清警察法学的法律体系,夯实警察法学的理论体系,增加警察法学的实践色彩,强调在完善警察法学理论体系的同时,提升警察法学的实践与教学效用。     

Status of Mandibular Third Molar Development as Evidence in Legal Age Threshold Cases

The completion of the third molar roots has played an important role in ascertaining whether individuals may be at or over a legal threshold of age, often taken as 18 years. This study demonstrates that root apex completion in the third molar is relatively uninformative regarding the threshold of age 18 years in a sample of 1184 males, where mean age‐of‐attainment of root apex completion for third mandibular molars is about 19.4 years. This paper also considers the legal age threshold problem for cases where the third mandibular molar is not completely formed, and outlines the use of parametric models and Bayes’ factors to evaluate dental evidence in statistically appropriate ways. It attempts to resolve confusion over age‐within‐stage versus age‐of‐attainment, likelihood ratios versus other diagnostic tests, and prior odds for a case versus the prior density for an age distribution.     

Factors associated with desistance from violence in prison: an exploratory study

Desistance from crime has been of increasing interest within criminal justice literature, but desistance from offending behaviour whilst in custodial environments has not yet been investigated. Violence within prison establishments continues to be a significant problem; therefore, this study investigated the factors that are associated with desistance from custodial violence in 63 UK Category C adult male prisoners with a record of violence in prison. Participants completed measures of eight social and subjective factors associated with desistance in community samples. Those who had desisted from prison violence for 12 months or more showed greater levels of pro-social attitudes, agency and resilience than those who persisted in violence. Agency independently predicted desistance and this was particularly the case for younger offenders. Internal shifts appeared to be supported by a positive work environment. It is concluded that in custody an internal shift in perspective is especially important for desistance, and that this can be supported by the social environment. Opportunities to intervene may be greater in younger prisoners. It is recommended that current initiatives in developing agency and positive social interaction, such as Psychologically Informed Planned Environments, are further developed.     

大学生“村官”政策实施中的若干问题及对策

大学生＂村官＂政策作为一项贯彻落实科学发展观、统筹城乡发展、构建和谐社会的长远战略,具有重大意义。在其实施过程中,出现了大学生＂村官＂自身能力不足、相关法律法规与配套机制不完善、社会环境及农村具体工作环境复杂等问题。各部门应加强对大学生＂村官＂的思想政治教育,完善相关法律法规及管理体制,整合多方资源,积极探索更适合大学生＂村官＂政策的发展思路,促进大学生＂村官＂的科学化管理。     

留守女童教育问题研究综述

随着中国城市化进程和农村产业结构调整步伐的不断加快,我国涌现出了大批的农民工,由于受到城乡分割的二元社会结构和自身经济条件的限制,我国农村也相应地出现了大批留守儿童.由于农村重男轻女思想的盛行以及对于女性性别角色的刻板印象,我国留守女童的教育问题更为严重,她们的教育问题也引起了社会各界的关注.     

福州人在纽约的宗教信仰活动初探

福州人在纽约的道教信仰情况如：将家乡道教俗神移植美国、膜拜祖国大陆其他地方移民所供奉的道教俗神、参拜台湾移民供奉的神灵、朝拜祖国大陆的神明、怀着＂有所求＂的目的进寺庙求福。福州人在纽约的佛教信仰情况如：参加纽约著名寺院的宗教活动、参加历史悠久的佛寺的活动、参加本地的著名佛寺活动、参加台湾佛教在纽约分支机构的活动、外州打工返回纽约的福州人见寺就进。福州人在纽约的基督教信仰情况如：牧师用福州话布道使福州人感到极为亲切、建造福州教友自己的教堂大大增强了教会的凝聚力、教会功能多元化使福州人得到诸多方便、特定的生活环境使纽约的福州人走进教堂。     

论警察内部公共关系的构建

警察公共关系的构建有利于实现公安机关"立警为公,执法为民"的宗旨与目的。在警察公共关系中,内部公共关系是其基础。当前警察内部公共关系工作有被忽视的倾向,且存在警力配置不合理;从优待警多停留在口头上;公安机关内部未建立起科学的考评、晋升、奖惩机制,公安民警的内驱力未得到充分调动等问题。为此,应当构建能高效、有序运行的公安机关组织系统,以打牢警察公共关系的基础。     

浅析摔跤运动员的营养需求及对策

运动员运动成绩的提高,有赖于"运动、营养、休息"三者之间的动态平衡。要想成为一名优秀的摔跤运动员,必须具备举重运动员的力量,技巧运动员的灵敏,长跑运动员的耐力和象棋运动员的天才战术思想,因此运动员对能源物质要求较高。根据摔跤运动项目的特点,通过查阅大量的文献资料,从运动员的生理特点以及对营养的需求等方面,对摔跤运动的营养需要、存在问题及对策进行了初步的分析和探讨。     

当前我省警务实战训练存在的主要问题及对策

当前,我省在开展警务实战训练中存在着实战观念缺乏、针对性训练不足、综合实战训练效果不明显以及工训矛盾和训练经费投入不足等问题。要解决这些问题,应从强化思想教育、进一步完善训练保障、重视教官队伍建设、进一步改进教学训练方法与内容和推行"战训合一、轮值轮训"的训练模式等几个方面入手加以解决,确保警务实战训练的正常开展,从而提高训练绩效。