“从技术到制度”：我国量刑程序改革述论

中国的量刑程序改革需要"从技术到制度"逐步推进.具体而言第一,确立量刑听证,实现量刑的"司法化";第二,制定量刑指南,推进量刑的"精密化";第三,革新量刑技术,促进量刑的"现代化";第四,公开量刑过程及理由,保证量刑的"透明化".     

The Africanisation of Children's Rights in South Africa: Quo Vadis?

The article seeks to demonstrate how traditional African approaches to justice pervade the Child Justice Act 75 of 2008 (CJA) in ways that provide young offenders the possibility to have their dignity restored, by affording them an opportunity to take responsibility for their wrongful conduct. The article argues that this approach to justice underscores African values of Ubuntu and restorative justice in addressing offending in terms of the CJA. In the final analysis, the author argues that the successful implementation of these approaches will depend partly on how innovative officers in judicial proceedings are in using African models of justice, the values of the Constitution, and the lived experiences of children in conflict with the law.     

我国恢复性行刑实施之困境探析

我国目前更适宜好好研究恢复性行刑问题,并在恢复性行刑的制度实践方面进行不断探索,推进我国刑罚、法治的进步,以及社会文明的提高。文章主要采用了比较研究的方法,介绍了恢复性行刑在国内外的研究现状,并找出其理论依据,由此得出恢复性行刑产生的深刻原因。在此基础上,通过对我国的经济状况、社会舆论以及制度因素的分析得出恢复性行刑在我国实施的困境,针对这一困境,结合我国当前实际情况,试图找出恢复性行刑自我国能够实施的可能性新出路。     

司法的道德性与法律方法

在一些具有道德意味的案件中，法官是否具备明确的道德意识，并正确地回应社会公众的道德需求，已成为判断裁判社会效果的重要指标之一。法官应当掌握一定的裁判技巧，遵循一定的司法方法论原则，以缓和法律与道德之间的内在张力。从法律方法论的角度，司法道德性可以在四个视域内加以分析：以规则适用实现法律规则中的道德要求；以原则裁判宣谕法律的道德内涵；以客观和平衡的司法方法遵循社会主流道德观念；以确认和规制良心司法体现法官道德准则。     

Responding to young people responsible for harm: a comparative study of restorative and conventional approaches

Research investigating the impact of restorative responses on offenders has increased in sophistication and complexity over the last decade. Extending beyond earlier studies documenting satisfaction with restorative justice, investigators have considered its relationship with recidivism, reparation compliance and perception of fairness. A few experimental studies have compared conventional and restorative approaches, with results generally favoring the latter. This study focuses on intermediate outcomes of justice approaches on adolescents responsible for harm. These outcomes represent benefits of restorative justice often theoretically argued but rarely empirically evaluated. The study employed a quasi‐experimental design and scales developed through previous qualitative research and consultation with stakeholders. Adolescents participating in conventional vs restorative responses, in both court and school contexts, were compared on eight variables in three areas: accountability, relationship repair and closure. While some variation in outcome depends on context, the results add to the growing literature documenting the benefits of restorative approaches.     

刑事和解负面问题探因——以其理论渊源为视角

刑事和解的负面问题并非仅仅是由制度局限所引起的,其理论渊源上存在的消极因素一直影响着刑事和解的实践运行和最终完善.平衡理论、叙说理论和恢复正义理论令刑事和解在刑法基本原则、刑法目的实现、司法效益提高、民众普遍认同等问题上出现的劣势不容忽视.继续深化和拓展刑事和解的理论渊源应当是刑事和解完善的重要组成部分.     

论能动司法的检察监督

能动司法在目前已成为我国人民法院审判实务中比较重要的理念,但是如果不把握好能动司法的＂度＂,它极有可能造成司法专横,侵犯公民、法人或者其他组织的合法权益。加强检察机关对人民法院审判实务中能动司法活动的监督非常必要。而检察监督必须遵守实效原则、刚性原则、合法原则,并且监督要以对审判主体、诉讼过程以及裁判和执行方面的监督为重点。     

新媒体背景下的诽谤罪认定

新媒体作为现代传播体系中不可或缺的组成部分，在信息传播过程中具有信息传播的即时性与广泛性、信息平台的数字性与多样性、信息交流的自由性与持续性和信息受众的平等性与互动性等特点。因此，在新媒体的背景下，在认定诽谤罪中的散布行为时应考量“公然性”的条件；在认定损害结果时应着重传播手段的严重性；在认定犯罪主体时应根据不同的传播方式区别对待；在认定犯罪主观故意时应当包括间接故意，以此准确认定诽谤罪。     

What harm,whose justice?: excavating the restorative movement

The city of Hull in the northeast of England gave itself the ambitious task of becoming the world’s first restorative city. The aim of this strategy was to create a more socially and emotionally confident youth population which in turn would encourage a more entrepreneurial and aspirational outlook across the City. Based on a two-year National Lottery-funded project exploring peoples’ experiences of restorative approaches and a Knowledge Transfer Project to help develop restorative skills, the development of restorative justice is analysed. How does a restorative classroom, workplace, or family really behave? Is there a common objective within, and across, all restorative initiatives and if so, what is it? The answer to these questions is that communication breakdown can be understood as the common harm within, and across the restorative movement. This raises some interesting questions and challenges for zemiology where both restorative justice and social harm perspectives contain quite different notions of harm suggesting that neither has yet developed a clear or solid foundation upon which to build an alternative focus to criminal harms.     

Realities of Victim Participation: The civil party system in practice at the Extraordinary Chambers in the Courts of Cambodia (ECCC)

Victims of the Khmer Rouge play a unique role at the Extraordinary Chambers in the Courts of Cambodia (ECCC) since they have broad participatory rights. However, as the initial trial progressed, a number of changes were made to the framework of victim participation to deal with emerging problems. Although these amendments seemed to curtail some rights, they were also meant to strengthen victim participation and ensure a more efficient trial process. This led to the introduction of restorative justice measures, a lead co-lawyer system and a single submission for reparations. The reasons they were introduced and how they have been implemented so far in the first year of the second trial are the focus here. Subsequently, the impact of the lack of resources and attention given to victim support at the ECCC, from its inception, and the crucial contribution of civil society organizations in filling this gap and carrying out myriad activities at all stages of the participation process are examined. With the well-publicized controversies at the ECCC such as alleged political interference, the participation of victims has the potential to be the lasting legacy of the Court, but any success in this area owes a great debt to Cambodian civil society.