The marriage boom: Spanish and Swedish women making sense of marriage during the marriage boom

This article analyzes the marriage boom that took place during the middle decades of the twentieth century. The increase in nuptiality is analyzed in Spain and Sweden from a qualitative perspective, and the authors describe how cultural, social, economic and institutional transformations were understood by women who were in their reproductive period during the marriage boom. In-depth interviews were conducted in both places with 51 women born between 1919 and 1951. The authors argue that it is important that the ways in which the factors previously identified as decisive of the marriage boom are studied for their motivating power, and the way they were or were not made important in people's understandings of their marital practices. The results show that despite the differences between the national contexts of Spain and Sweden, three interrelated themes recurred when the interviewed women framed their marital choices: (1) the normalization of marriage as a life event; (2) religion; (3) and education and work life. The results also suggest that the women highlighted norm systems within which their choices and decisions were made, rather than describing individual choices and decisions as stemming from individual preferences and wishes.     

论婚姻与爱情及其关系

婚姻是一种社会制度,是客观的东西,具有理性、规定性、公开性、稳定性、特别是唯一性等特点;爱情是男女之间的一种心理感受,属于主观的范畴,具有感性、随意性、隐私性、易变性、尤其是多样性等特点.爱情是两性生活的一项重要内容,婚姻是两性关系的一种主要形式;爱情可以超越婚姻,婚姻不能左右爱情.婚姻与爱情的关系决定了一个社会及其成员应该始终围绕经济、政治、文化的发展状况这个基本前提,制定符合客观实际的婚姻规范.     

论国家制定法与民族习惯法的冲突与融合——西部乡村少数民族婚姻现象透视

国家制定法和民族习惯法的特点在于前者具有统一性、规范性、普遍性、强制性,后者具有多样性、特殊性、伦理性、自觉性等.透视西部乡村少数民族婚姻现象,可以感受到国家制定法与民族习惯法在婚姻领域有四个方面的冲突1.普遍正义与特殊正义的冲突;2.现代法律文化与传统法律文化的冲突;3."移植法律"与本地民族特点的冲突;4.国家意志与地方权力的冲突.应当化解冲突,实现国家制定法与民族习惯法的积极融合.     

论结婚的意思表示瑕疵

我国现行婚姻法对意思表示瑕疵的婚姻形态仅规定了因胁迫而缔结的婚姻,实际上,在缔结婚姻行为中传统民法规定的各种意思表示瑕疵形态都是存在的。为此,一方面可以在现有的民法体系中通过法律解释来缓解两者之间的矛盾;另一方面应修改婚姻法,将存在意思表示瑕疵的婚姻形态确定为虚假婚、错误婚、欺骗婚、胁迫婚。     

Writing the Story of the Last Nawab of Bengal’s English Family

On 15 May 1870, the Nawab of Bengal married Sarah Vennell, a seventeen-year-old English chambermaid, in a Shia Muslim wedding ceremony, making her his fourth permanent or Nikah wife. They lived in England for ten years, and had six children. The Nawab’s liaison with what British officials called ‘a woman of mean extraction’ was a contributing factor when he was persuaded by the British government to abdicate in1880, give up many of his claims and allow the permanent abolition of his title. In that same year the Nawab formed a liaison with another maid and later returned to India with this maid and his and Sarah’s four surviving children, leaving Sarah in England. Their youngest son, my grandfather, changed his name and emigrated to Australia in 1925. This essay describes my gradual discovery in Australia of my Indian ancestors and the issues I confronted when trying to write their story. It includes an extract in which I describe my grandfather’s childhood in India.     

Ethnicity and electoral fraud in Britain

Several reports have highlighted that, within Britain, allegations of electoral fraud tend to be more common in areas with large Pakistani and Bangladeshi communities. However, the extent of this association has not yet been quantified. Using data at the local authority level, this paper shows that percentage Pakistani and Bangladeshi (logged) is a robust predictor of two measures of electoral fraud allegations: one based on designations by the Electoral Commission, and one based on police enquiries. Indeed, the association persists after controlling for other minority shares, demographic characteristics, socio-economic deprivation, and anti-immigration attitudes. I interpret this finding with reference to the growing literature on consanguinity (cousin marriage) and corruption. Rates of cousin marriage tend to be high in countries such as Pakistan and Bangladesh, which may have fostered norms of nepotism and in-group favoritism that persist over time. To bolster my interpretation, I use individual level survey data to show that, within Europe, migrants from countries with high rates of cousin marriage are more likely to say that family should be one's main priority in life, and are less likely to say it is wrong for a public official to request a bribe.     

婚俗、法治及其路径——以海南黎族婚俗的调查为对象

现代社会,应审慎的看待法律的作用,正确处理好婚俗和法律的关系。婚俗也为人们观察法治提供了新视角,辩明法治的发展路径。     

我国离婚经济补偿制度的立法完善

离婚经济补偿制度对于提升家务劳动的社会价值,保护对家庭做出较多贡献一方的合法权益,具有十分重要的意义。但同国外离婚救济制度相比较,我国的离婚经济补偿制度在理论设计上还存在不足,实践中可操作性不强,立法目的实现的预期效果不能令人满意。因此,应完善离婚经济补偿制度的立法设计,使之更具可操作性。     

关于“无效婚姻”概念内涵的思考

目前我国法律没有明确无效婚姻概念的内涵，学术界对无效婚姻概念内涵的认识也存在种种缺陷。在把握“无效婚姻”内涵时必须考虑无效婚姻与违法婚姻之间的关系；明确无效婚姻自身的特点；用“属加种差”的下定义方法来明确无效婚姻概念的内涵。     

审视与沟通——非婚同居现象的法律评析

非婚同居被有些人认为是自主选择其生活方式最便利和利益最大化的两性组合。因此,非婚同居不象婚外同居或有配偶者与他人同居那样受到人们较为强烈的道德指责,越是如此,我们越应该看到,在现代文明和谐的社会中,非婚同居不是一种合理的、真诚的两性关系,更不是一种理想的生活方式。婚姻依然是人类两性结合的基本形式。我国法律对非婚同居的冷遇且不予保护的基本事实,为我们评价或选择两性生活方式提供了一个最基本的法律标准。我们有理由认为,非婚同居不仅是和谐两性关系中的杂音、噪音,更是个人与社会权利冲突、关系紧张的直接原因。我们可以对非婚同居行为少一些道德上的指责,但我们更应该在尊重个人权利的基础上,保护婚姻家庭,构筑和谐社会的根基,对法律来说才是最重要的。