讯问战俘的有关问题研究

萨达姆于2006年12月被处以绞刑,但其审判引发了对讯问战俘问题的思考。新情况的出现使俘获方产生了一系列两难选择:一方面要保障战俘受到公正审判的权利,另一方面又希望从他们口中获得更多的情报,并追究其个人的刑事责任。《日内瓦第三公约》第17条是关于此问题的核心条款,保持沉默的权利,不得自证有罪的权利以及相应的被告知上述权利和被控罪行的权利,都是公正审判权利的基本要求。战俘由于被扣押,其在讯问中处于一种极其不利的境地,因此对上述权利给予足够的关注,并从审讯的较早阶段就开始享有具有非常重要的意义。     

讯问活动的思维形式——侦查讯问中的“问题”研究

讯问是以问答形式进行的侦查活动。问题负载着讯问信息，沟通讯问双方的思维，引领着讯问活动的方向。根据问题的逻辑重点可以将其分为判断型问题（包括是非式、选择式、填充式）、说明型问题、论证型问题三类。侦查讯问中运用问题暗示的原则是：问题暗示只能用于帮助犯罪嫌疑人形成供述动机，而在犯罪的时间、地点、工具等具体情节上禁止暗示；为了避免不良暗示，侦查人员在讯问犯罪情节时，应尽量使用填充或说明型问题，少用是非式和选择式问题。     

浅谈模拟审讯

模拟审讯的准备工作应从以下两个方面着手实施。人力方面 ,应该从犯罪嫌疑人、审讯员、记录员、指导员这四个方面进行准备 ;物力方面 ,应从场所、械具、设备三个方面着手进行。     

Shadowing the elected: mixed-member incentives to locally oriented parliamentary questioning

It is often suggested in the case of mixed-member electoral systems that legislators with close ties to the single member districts (SMDs) are more constituency oriented than those with weaker ties. This article investigates the effect of three career-related variables (mandate type, tier of candidacy and the number of formerly held SMD mandates) on the constituency orientation of national representatives. The analysis relies on a comprehensive database containing MP-level career information and the number of locally relevant written questions submitted between 2010 and 2013 in the Hungarian parliament. Contrary to expectations, the results suggest that SMD candidates who were elected on party lists tend to ask a larger number of questions with local relevance than SMD MPs. Furthermore, MPs with considerable SMD experience are found to be more constituency oriented only among those who gained their mandates in an SMD.     

侦查阶段强制到案措施规范化探究

侦查强制到案措施限制人身自由的手段很多,既包括法定措施,也包括法外措施,亟待加以规范。本文的探讨主要基于侦查强制到案措施而展开,尤其关注在刑事程序的初始阶段强制到案措施的启动和规范,期望减少侵犯人权的情况发生。     

Is There Touch in the Game of Twister®? The Effects of Innocuous Touch and Suggestive Questions on Children's Eyewitness Memory

Preschool children (ages 48–70 months, N = 48) experienced 2 to-be-remembered events (i.e., the games Twister^® and Shapes) that included either innocuous bodily touch or no touch. Participants were interviewed 7 days later and asked direct (“Did Amy kiss you?”) or suggestive “tag” questions (“Amy kissed you, didn't she?”) equated for content. Results indicated that children who were innocuously touched were no more likely to falsely assent to “abuse-related” touch questions (e.g., “Amy touched your bottom, didn't she?”) than were children who were not touched. However, children who were asked tag questions responded at chance levels, thereby making high errors of commission in response to abuse-touch questions relative to their no-tag counterparts who responded to “abuse questions” accurately 93% of the time. Children who were asked tag questions assented at a higher rate to general forensic questions (“Amy took your picture, didn't she?”) than did children asked direct questions, and children assented at higher rates to “abuse-touch” questions than to general forensic questions. Results are discussed in terms of prior research on interviewing techniques and adult influence on children's testimony.     

国际刑事法院法官询问证人裁量权问题研究——以卢班加案为例展开分析

国际刑事法院卢班加案庭审过程中,被告就＂法官对被告方证人进行询问的裁量权＂提出质疑,具体涉及到法官的询问内容、询问形式以及被告方是否拥有对法官询问的问题进行质疑的权利等三方面裁量内容。审判分庭将该问题扩展至庭审中法官对任何证人进行询问的裁量权,从法律依据和事实依据两方面展开分析。＂国际刑事法院第一案＂的裁定内容与方法对其他司法实践将产生重要影响。     

论德国刑事诉讼中的禁止欺骗性讯问规则——兼论我国禁止“欺骗取证”规定在侦讯中的适用

借助司法裁判的方式，德国对何为刑事诉讼法禁止的欺骗性讯问发展出了一些判断标准。这些判断标准对解决禁止“欺骗取证”规定在我国侦讯中的适用问题具有一定的借鉴价值。在我国刑事诉讼法已确立不得强迫自证己罪原则，增强对犯罪嫌疑人口供自愿性保护的背景下，我国司法实务界应借鉴德国经验的合理内核，确立判明禁止的欺骗性讯问的基准，以指引侦查人员以合法的方式开展侦讯活动。     

性犯罪案件中未成年被害人询问情况实证研究

据统计，性犯罪案件中办案人员对未成年被害人存在多次询问、问题设置不当、缺少必要心理疏导等问题，对此情况如不予以充分重视并及时修复，则会对未成年被害人的心理产生二次伤害。借鉴其他国家和地区的先进经验并结合儿童心理学、法律语言学等相关理论，设计一套适合未成年被害人身心特点、可操作性较强的询问模式，能够帮助未成年被害人尽早走出心理阴影。     

从“马克思主义世界化”看“马克思主义中国化”——理论层面的考察与现实层面的追问

马克思主义中国化不应是一个孤立的问题,它应该是马克思主义世界化的逻辑延伸与现实推广,其理论前提则是马克思主义的时代普适性与民族普适性.马克思关于社会基本矛盾运动推动社会变革的原理虽然为资本主义必然被社会主义所取代的论断提供了理论依据,但对该矛盾发生质变的临界点并未作明确界定.由于俄、中等国家的社会主义革命均非"瓜熟蒂落"的社会革命,故落下先天不足后天失调的后遗症,并分别走向崩溃与改革.尽管马克思主义中国化是当前中国社会改革的正确取向,但仍存在着一系列的理论困境与现实困境,如果我们不能很好地在理论上与现实中应对这些挑战,马克思主义中国化就可能走入中国"化"马克思主义的误区.