金融支农扶贫模式研究——兼论对河北省“环首都扶贫攻坚示范区”的启示

作为有效的经济杠杆和调控手段,金融手段对扶贫开发具有重要作用。近年来,国内外微型金融扶贫模式取得了较大发展,而国内拾荷模式、乡村金融服务站、农地金融和社区发展基金等金融扶贫模式也各具特色。与国家集中连片特殊困难地区扶贫攻坚战略相对应,河北省提出了打造"环首都扶贫攻坚示范区"的战略目标,而借鉴国内外金融扶贫模式,以金融手段推进"环首都扶贫攻坚示范区"建设就成为必然选择。     

The Nouvelle Philosophie and Foucault

The first part of the paper gives an account of some of the intellectual and political background to the characteristic positions of the Nouvelle Philosophie, and details the presentation of these positions in the work of André Glucksmann. The important influence of Foucault on the Nouvelle Philosophie is then discussed. Foucault's interpretation of his own earlier work and his present manner of posing the question of power are critically analysed, and found to be defective in a way which allows room for the exploitation of his results by the Nouvelle Philosophie. This partial convergence is illustrated by a comparison between Lardreau and Jambet's L'Ange and Foucault's recent discussions of sexuality. The paper concludes with a brief location of the Nouvelle Philosophie in the context of intellectual developments outside France.     

Spatial egalitarianism as a social ‘counter-movement’: on socio-economic reforms in Chongqing

Abstract

Through a framework drawn from Karl Polanyi's substantivist theorization of economic practices, this paper evaluates the quest for equitable urbanization in Chongqing, a major city-region in south-western China. Illuminating the tensions arising from two interrelated reforms, namely the ambitious attempt to construct 40 million m² of public rental housing between 2010 and 2012, and the large-scale drive to ensure peasant migrants enjoy equal access to social benefits as current urban residents, the paper explains how the quest for equitable urbanization magnifies two nationwide dimensions of institutionalized uneven development, namely (i) the caste-like categorization of populations according to ‘urban’ and ‘rural’; and (ii) the coastal bias in national economic development. The paper concludes that this state-driven pursuit of spatial egalitarianism in Chongqing expresses the dialecticism of economic development in China: it is a social ‘counter-movement’ against the effects of an uneven spatiality that was instituted to drive and deepen the marketization of Chinese society.     

Social Policy and Social Control： Case of San Joso del Rincon in the State of Mexico

This study sets out to analyze and evaluate the implementation of a system for the regulation and control of social policies （＂Social Comptrollership＂） involving civil society so as to reinforce the mechanisms for ensuring transparency and responsibility in the government＇s operation of social programs and the execution of public works Here is presented the analysis of the Federal Rural Housing Program （in Spanish： ＂Programa de Vivienda RuraF＇） that is aimed at providing accommodation to families in situations of severe poverty living in communities described as suffering from ＂high or very high levels of marginalization＂. The main conclusion of this research, which is based on a series of interviews with aid recipients, the officials and the social organizations involved, is that the regulatory aspects of this system for controlling social policies are not effective, since they lack mechanisms for enforcing the sanctions set down for participants who do not respect the agreements they have entered into.     

贵州小城镇发展对农村经济带动作用研究

小城镇发展是贵州实施城镇化带动战略的重要内容。大力发展小城镇可以转移农村人口,提高城镇化水平,拓展城乡市场,发展乡镇企业,优化产业结构,推进社会主义新农村建设。发展小城镇要科学规划、放宽准入、加大投入、强化管理,提升小城镇的品质。     

Separation/Divorce Sexual Assault in Rural Ohio: Survivors' Perceptions

Since the 1970s, many studies have enhanced a social scientific understanding of the lethal and non-lethal physical abuse of women during and after separation and divorce, but less than a handful have examined sexual assaults on rural women who want to leave, are trying to leave, or who have left spouses or live-in male partners. Further, none of the work done so far on this problem has examined the role of collective efficacy. The results presented here help fill these research gaps and call into question the common assumption that there is more collective control on criminal behavior in rural settings. Moreover, our exploratory qualitative data show that collective efficacy can take many shapes and forms, and often what is perceived as the “common good” may actually be behaviors and discourses that threaten the health and well-being of women seeking freedom from abusive male partners.     

中国农村发展与农村土地制度改革

农村土地制度改革是城镇化与农业现代化发展的客观要求。该文通过深入分析中国城镇化过程中的城乡土地利用格局,阐述了古今中外农村土地制度设计的基本原则,提出应有限度地放开农村土地市场,以满足利用市场机制有效配置土地资源的要求,但必须以保障农地生产功能为前提,严格防止土地过度资本化可能带来的弊端。     

现代乡村治理视域中的农村妇女政治参与

乡村治理是乡村社会政治发展的一种新型政社权益关系结构状态,是社会主义新农村建设的现实目标和长远机制,而吸纳农村妇女参与政治则是实现乡村治理的必然要求。目前,虽然农村妇女政治参与意识较以往有了很大程度的提高,但却仍然面临着一系列的机制制约和现实困难,如农村妇女政治参与权和平等话语权保障机制滞后、农村妇女政治参与的民主和法制保障机制不健全等。为此,要通过以下几方面全面改善农村妇女政治参与状况：一是构建农村妇女政治参与的权益保障体系,二是培育乡村社会女性公民主体性政治文化,三是加强和改进乡村社会女性公民组织化机制,四是完善农村妇女政治参与的动力保障和激励机制。     

“诱致性”效应与制度优化——基于豫北L市实施新型农村合作医疗制度的实例

新型农村合作医疗制度自2003年试点以来,农村参合人数稳步增长,参合率不断提高。豫北L市在推进新农合过程中取得了可喜的成绩,呈现出先抑后扬的发展态势。认真分析其变化的特点、原因不难发现,新农合制度作为一项惠农政策,本身具有诱致性特征,其落实成效与制度环境、制度运行、制度对象的实际情况有着极为密切的关系。在新农合广受欢迎的现阶段,制度自身存在的一些深层次问题还有待进一步解决,应推动该制度不断优化和完善。     

Reviewing, Reflecting and Constructing Research on Grassroots Social Organizations in Rural China

The purpose of this paper is to review previous studies on grassroots social organizations （GSOs） in rural China and provide a new framework for future research. This article uses the method of comparative analysis to review relevant research from the perspective of different disciplines and different theories, and adopts the method of inductive reasoning to analyze and draw conclusions. Previous researches can be divided into four categories according to their disciplines, and there are three theories frequently used to explain the development of rural GSOs in China. Obviously, plenty of valuable researches have been done, but examining a certain kind of GSOs in a single discipline and analyzing the cause of the development of GSOs with an isolated theory are two issues impeding further study on rural GSOs in China. By integrating three theories, a new and comprehensive research framework of ＂interest-identity-institution＂ is presented for future research on all kinds of GSOs. To improve and enrich this frame, a lot of empirical and specific researches need to be done in the future.