欧洲共同体船东协会等国际组织赞赏欧洲议会支持《鹿特丹规则》

欧洲议会关于《2018年前欧盟海运政策战略目标及建议》的2010年5月5日决议[2009/2095（INl）]明确建议欧盟成员国应当推动《鹿特丹规则》的尽快签署、批准和执行,以构建崭新的海事责任体系。欧洲共同体船东协会（ECSA）、国际航运公会（ICS）、波罗的海国际海运公会（BIMCO）以及世界海运理事会（WSC）联合发布新闻,对这一建议表示欢迎。     

Feminism in a global era

Feminism is being re-shaped by its articulation through a global discourse of human rights and an increased focus on state interventions. This is partly a result of the transition in the gender regime changing the economic and political resources and opportunities open to women and partly due to globalization. Globalization has not only created difficulties for democratic governance, but it has also facilitated the development of new spaces, institutions and rhetoric where universal human rights is a powerful justificatory principle.     

Leadership,regime security,and China's policy toward Taiwan: prospect theory and Taiwan crises

Abstract

Traditional analyses of Taiwan crises have relied mainly on deterrence theory for their explanatory power. This approach fails to account for China's risk-taking behavior, which can be explained by prospect theory. We suggest that Chinese leaders are more likely to use more risky military coercion against Taiwan's pro-independence movements within a domain of losses, i.e., when their regime faces serious domestic and international challenges to its security. Conversely, Chinese leaders are more likely to employ less risky political pressure to oppose Taiwan's pro-independence forces if their decision making takes place in a domain of gains, i.e., when the security of China's regime is not challenged. We conclude that maintaining a good US–China relationship is the best strategy for the United States to help prevent military crises in the Taiwan Strait.     

China's defence industries

Abstract

The implementation of foreign direct investment (FDI) policies in China shows that domestic considerations were not the only factors shaping the course of China's opening up to the world economy. Foreign response was often taken into account as the Chinese government felt its way through the process of reform. Focusing on Japanese FDI in China, this article explores the liberalization of China's FDI regime and traces the impact of China's negotiations with and accommodation to pressure from foreign business and governments.     

Political Planomenon and the Secret Thereof

Abstract

Taking Derrida's notion of the ‘secret’ and Deleuze's immanence' as its starting point, this essay proposes a reading of Marx's living labour' that critiques Hardt and Negri's understanding of political subjectivity. In doing so, the essay examines the possibilities of rethinking political agency in terms of a ‘powerless power’.     

Welfare reforms and socio-economic trends in the 10 new EU member states of Central and Eastern Europe

The paper reviews recent socio-economic changes in the 10 new EU member states of Central and Eastern Europe and the earlier and latest debates on the emergence of the post-communist welfare state regime. It asks two questions: are the new EU member states more similar to each other in their social problems encountered than to the rest of the EU world? Do they exhibit enough common socio-economic and institutional features to group them into the distinct/unified post-communist welfare regime that deviates from any well-known welfare state typology?The findings of this paper indicate that despite some slight variation within, the new EU countries exhibit lower indicators compared to the EU-15 as it comes to the minimum wage and social protection expenditure. The degree of material deprivation and the shadow economy is on average also higher if compared to the EU-15 or the EU-27. However, then it comes to at-risk-of-poverty rate after social transfers or Gini index, some Eastern European outliers especially the Check Republic, but also Slovenia, Slovakia and Hungary perform the same or even better than the old capitalist democracies. Latvia, Lithuania, Estonia, Romania, Bulgaria, Poland, however, show many similarities in their social indicators and performances and this group of countries never perform better than the EU-15 or the EU-27 averages. Nevertheless, the literature reviews on welfare state development in the CEE region reveal a number of important institutional features in support of identifying the distinct/unified post-communist welfare regime. Most resilient of it are: an insurance-based programs that played a major part in the social protection system; high take-up of social security; relatively low social security benefits; increasing signs of liberalization of social policy; and the experience of the Soviet/Communist type of welfare state, which implies still deeply embedded signs of solidarity and universalism.     

权利保障视野下的秘密侦查竞技化析评

秘密侦查指的是侦查机关采取隐瞒身份、目的、手段的方法,在犯罪嫌疑人不知晓的情况下,发现犯罪线索,收集犯罪证据,乃至抓捕犯罪嫌疑人的活动。秘密侦查的困境在于启动陷于随意、武装不能平等、裁判难以中立、程序无法公开、侦查行为的违法性和求真的悖论。现代司法的核心在于竞技,司法决斗便是此核心的集中体现。而秘密侦查具有司法决斗中竞技的理性品质,合乎竞技的经验理性。秘密侦查的竞技化有利于其正当性和合理性的充分体现。秘密侦查竞技化的理性构想包括：厘清秘密侦查的两大类别——任意秘密侦查与强制秘密侦查;规范秘密侦查适用条件与原则;设计秘密侦查的概括程序和细节规制;评断秘密侦查行为过程及其结果。     

论法官指示制度之构建——兼论《最高人民法院关于人民陪审员参加审判活动若干问题的规定》第8条之适用

我国法官指示制度的建立是人民陪审员制度和合议制度变革的需要,是化解现有陪审合议庭顽症的有效途径,也是防止现有陪审制度"平民性"丧失的新路径,对于人民陪审员制度的发展完善具有积极作用。但是,与域外的法官指示制度比较,我国现有法官指示制度具有如下缺陷:粗陋的内容规定、悖反的权威扩张、缺失的救济途径、狭小的适用空间,应从内容完善、权力制约、权利救济、适用扩展四个方面对上述缺陷予以修正。     

试析昂山素季对缅甸军政权态度的转变

2003年4月23日,昂山素季对缅甸军政权的态度发生了转变,首次公开抱怨与军政权的秘密谈判没有取得进展.2003年4月25日,缅甸军政权认为反对派领袖昂山素季的抱怨是毫无意义的,认为上述批评无助于全国和解.国家和平与发展委员会新总理钦纽上将在2003年8月30日讲话中提出了关于国民大会推动缅甸国家未来政治走向的新计划.钦纽将军还阐明了缅甸民主"路线图"的七个步骤,并声明将重新启动1996年临时中断的国民大会;按照国民大会制定的基本原则起草新宪法草案;举行全民公投,通过宪法草案;按照新宪法举行公平的大选以组成议会;由议会选举产生新政府.以昂山素季为首的缅甸反对派和国内外政治活动分子对这一计划进行了谴责.     

浅谈商业秘密及其法律保护

本文从商业秘密的概念和构成要件入手,简要分析了商业秘密的法律性质,明确商业秘密是一种知识产权.在着重分析了我国现行立法及TRIPS协议关于商业秘密的规定后指出,我国商业秘密法律保护存在着一些不足,以期立法上的加以完善.