Do party supporters accept policy compromises in coalition governments?

Government formation in multi-party systems often requires coalition negotiations and finding common ground among coalition partners. Supporters of parties involved in the government formation process face a trade-off when evaluating such bargaining processes: on the one hand, voters usually prefer seeing their party being in government rather than in opposition; on the other hand, negotiations require coalition compromises that they might dislike. In this paper, we study voters’ willingness to accept policy compromises during government formation processes. We argue that voters’ acceptance of policy compromises depends on both the strength of their party attachment and the importance they assign to the issue at stake during the coalition negotiations. Not giving in on important issues is key, especially for supporters of challenger parties, who hold strong policy preferences on a selected number of issues. To test these expectations, we collected original survey data immediately after the Spanish general election in November 2019. The results show support for the hypothesized effects, shed light on the pressure potential coalition partners face during government formation and help explain the failures of government formation attempts in increasingly polarized societies.     

老子的行政哲学与新一轮政府治道变革——兼论克强经济学的政策逻辑

老子的哲学思想对当代中国政府治道变革具有重要的指导意义。笔者通过分析老子行政哲学与新一届政府改革新思维的内在联系,旨在揭示老子行政哲学从内在价值取向和外部行为选择两个层面与政府改革新思维的契合主线。内在的价值取向就是无欲—无私—无畏,进而在行为路径上展现为无为—为不恃—无不为。它隐含着政府治道变革的前提是政府自身无欲状态,政府改革必须进行无私的顶层设计,推进改革必须具有无畏的精神。落实到政府改革层面,必须在行为取向上以无为、为不恃、无不为为路径,实现有限政府、效能政府和人民满意的现代政府目标。要想取得改革的成功,需要借鉴老子行政哲学的昭示,强化政府改革的价值与行为逻辑的内在一致性。     

垂直管理体制的行政法研究

垂直管理体制,作为我国政府行政体制改革进程中一种重要的机构组织形式和调节中央与地方关系的常态手段,其运行属于行政组织法规制的内容。垂直管理部门的设立与变更,以及垂直管理机构与上级职能机构和地方政府的关系应当在法律规范的框架内运行。对于垂直管理的模式,应当有相关法律法规或者是规范性的文件进行指导,并对其进行后续行政监督。     

Governing concept or political buzzword? Contested perceptions of local control

This article uses a perceptions-based framework to study how local governing actors define local control, and, to identify the determinants of definition alignment among local officials. A mix of survey and administrative data from Wisconsin officials is used to test nine hypotheses. The results indicate there is wide variation in how local government leaders define local control, and that alignment on the concept's meaning is predicted by ideology, perceived erosion of local control, and positional characteristics. The study concludes that local governments should incorporate a working definition of local control in planning and on-boarding processes in order to provide governing relevance to the concept.     

农村剩余劳动力转移过程中政府间利益博弈探析

我国农村剩余劳动力转移是一项政府主导的社会系统工程。在当前农村劳动力转移过程中,面临着三种棘手的政府间利益博弈问题,即政府部门间利益博弈、中央与地方政府间利益博弈和劳动力输出地政府与输入地政府间利益博弈。这些利益博弈问题,增加了政府做好农村劳动力转移的工作难度,阻碍着我国农村劳动力转移就业的整体进程,应妥善加以解决。     

论政府购买公共服务的保证责任

政府购买公共服务是公私协力的表现,是担保国家理论在行政法中的具体化。透过担保国家理论、公私协力背景分析政府购买公共服务的行政法属性,政府保证责任作为政府购买公共服务的责任转型,有其宪法渊源与民事责任阙如的现实需求。基于保障社会公众以合理的价格持续、均等地获得质高价优的公共服务之目的,政府保证责任可以类型化为监督责任、管制责任、接管责任,其内容体现为保证有限竞争、质量与价格供给、持续与均等供给以及公共服务的信息公开与公众参与。可以通过行政规制、契约治理及信用监管等措施,促进政府保证责任的最终实现。     

Internships and the State Government Human Resources Crisis

State governments face massive retirements over the next few years. Since internships have been a significant source of bright new blood, we examine what all fifty states are doing with internships. Some exemplary programs were found, but the typical state intern program serves only a few unpaid students, supervisors receive no special training, and no tracking is done to see whether interns stay in state service or what their contributions are. While many states blame stringencies, the budgets involved are comparatively modest and potential benefits significant. We propose an action agenda for state governments and the public administration community.     

Institutional Arrangements and State and Local Financial Forecasting

Abstract

The articles in this symposium present various consequences that effectively result in changes from adopted budgets during the implementation phase, which derive from institutional structure. The institutional structures referred to include such attributes as internal policy, procedural methodology, longevity in office, and reward and incentive systems related to performance outcomes

For local governments, structural influences studied include changes in leadership in the executive and legislative branches, longevity in office of budget administrators, and differences related to mayor-council vs. council-manager forms of government. Internal policies reported on cover methodology used to forecast revenues such as quantitative methods versus informed judgment, budgetary controls and spending policy related to mandated spending beyond local government control, and procedures for benchmarking within the agency as well as with peer groups and professional standards.

Consortia of governments are referenced regarding performance evaluation as is the process for gaining consensus between the executive and legislative branches, including expert outside opinion. Other influences on performance outcomes reported on are those tied to the risk-reward system built in to the institutional structure, which includes risk tolerance of the individuals who make pension fund investments.     

重特大交通事故网络舆情的应对

在网络时代背景下,交通管理部门在处理重特大交通事故时,由于未来得及在思想、政策以及方式上做出相应改变,藉由网络的力量,使得一些重特大交通事故演变成全国,甚至国际关注的事件。重特大交通事故网络舆情的产生与发展有其制度性原因和工具性原因,因而应有相对应的临时处理措施和工具性处理措施。临时性处理措施的本质是坚持以人为本,实现个案正义;而工具性处理措施的核心是在了解其演变逻辑的基础上,注重网络舆情的搜集与调查,完善政府网络发言人制度以及政府新闻发言人制度。