论公安执法中的人权保障问题

公安执法与保障人权是辩证统一的关系,但在当前的公安执法中还存在着许多侵犯人权的问题。在目前的公安执法中,人权保障应主要侧重于对相对人的知情权、陈述申辩权、安全保障权及人格尊严权的保护,实现公安执法中人权保障的途径主要在于树立人权理念、改进公安立法、加大执法监督等方面。     

论规制知识产权滥用与相关竞争法的制订——从“本土化”的视角

针对发达国家跨国公司的知识产权滥用,我国尚未制订专门的相关竞争法对之予以规制;尽管已有学者在不同程度上对该法的制订进行过理论分析,但从＂本土化＂的角度予以研究的并不多见。本文初步探讨了与此相关的三个重要问题,即该法与我国知识产权国内法的关系、如何审慎地借鉴国外的相关立法、该法的制度重心应如何予以安排。在此基础上提出＂本土化＂的相关竞争法,应在总体上凸显＂最强化＂的制度特色。     

各国警察执法保障对策比较研究

对比研究中外部分国家警察执法保障相关立法规定。在借鉴国外警察执法保障相关立法经验和我国警察执法保障现状的基础上,探索完善我国警察执法权益保障的对策。其中包括：建议单独增设袭警罪;建议修改《人民警察法》第三十第五条规定,加大对侵犯警察执法权力的处罚力度：规范合法警用暴力的使用标准。完善警察执法保障的其他建议是：建立完善人民警察维权的机构;充分发挥警用装备的作用;提高民警自我防护意识;强化民警执法素质和执法活动效能的训练。     

罪犯权利保障法律制度的建构研究

随着社会文明的进步发展,监狱作为国家专门行刑机关,在对罪犯实施惩罚改造的同时,对罪犯依法享有的人身权利和与人身有关的其他权利给予保护,并制定了一系列保障措施,但由于重刑主义在人们头脑中根深蒂固,人们不把罪犯视为同类的心理以及相关法律保障制度的不完善,致使罪犯权利往往得不利有效的保护。为适应社会主义法治建设不断发展的要求,作为国家法律文明的窗口——监狱,有必要建立健全保障罪犯权利的法律制度。     

股东知情权与公司商业秘密权的冲突与协调

我国新公司法当中修改了股东知情权的内容,谓之一大进步。但同时有不完善之处,尤其在对公司商业秘密保护方面问题突出。在保证股东的知情权利益的同时兼顾公司的经营利益,从立法规定到执法公正再到司法救济上,减少甚至避免二者之间冲突的发生。     

论加强消费者权益的倾斜保护

《中华人民共和国消费者权益保护法》（以下简称《消法》）自颁布以采,其运行的社会经济环境已经发生了巨大的变化,消费者弱势地位更加明显,维权难度日益增加。《消法》需要在倾斜保护的立法理念基础上进一步加强对消费者合法权益的保障,通过增加消费者的权利和完善鉴定机构等途径提高消费者维权能力。     

对实用艺术作品著作权保护之法律探析——完善我国《著作权法》立法建议

我国《著作权法》及《著作权法实施条例》中,对实用艺术作品均没有任何明确的规定,实用艺术作品的法律保护至今仍为空白。我国应结合国际公约、条约和国外一些国家的法律规定,在《著作权法》中应明确规定对实用艺术作品的著作权保护的具体措施。     

刑事审前法官制度的中国语境分析

刑事审前法官制度的缺位,不仅导致我国侦查程序中非法侦查行为屡禁不止,权利救济机制处于空白状态,侦查程序不具诉讼形态,也使得公诉权缺乏应有的控制,公诉方式改革未能达到预期的效果。还造成庭前程序中非法证据排除规则不能落实,证据展示程序难以运行,庭审法官的预断不能排除。加强权力制约与保障人权,必须建立司法审查制度、设立刑事审前法官．     

A real-time multiplex SNP melting assay to discriminate individuals

A method that quickly and inexpensively differentiates crime scene samples from multiple donors would expedite casework analysis by allowing the selection of probative items requiring comprehensive testing. This new method need not be perfectly definitive nor give a complete 13 locus short tandem repeat (STR) profile; it simply must be able to differentiate between most victim and suspect samples. We describe the development of multiplex, single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), fluorescence resonance energy transfer-based real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays to fulfill this need. Dual probes, one fluorescently labeled and the other labeled with a quencher, are monitored during a melt analysis to reveal an increase in fluorescence, which allows the assessment of the two SNP alleles. Two alternate 6-plex assays (with and without gender determination) have been developed for the six-color RG6000 real-time instrument (Corbett Robotics, Inc.) and one seven SNP plus gender assay (performed as two 4-plex assays, one with gender the other without) have been developed for use in four/five color real-time instruments. This technique can discriminate between 95% and 99% of samples from different individuals. This assay is fast (approximately 2 h), much less expensive than STR analysis, and uses a real-time PCR instrument which is found in most forensic and molecular biology labs.     

Authors’ Rights As An Instrument Of Control: An Overview Of The Ideas Of Authorship And Authors’ Rights In Socialist Yugoslavia,And How These Ideas Did Not Change To Reflect The Ideals Of The Socialist Revolution

The purpose of this paper is to show, using the example of socialist Yugoslavia, how and why authors’ rights laws were applied in a socialist regime relying on the same rhetoric of ownership and individualism that marked their use in the capitalist West. In this way, Yugoslav laws have served us as an excuse to examine the connection between rights guaranteed by the legal apparatus and a type of control over creative processes that these rights make possible. Since it is a fact that both single-party socialism and pluralist capitalism have employed the same concept of authors’ rights and authorship, it is our claim that the two systems have been and are equally interested in limiting creative freedom by means of property derived from authors’ rights. To the extent to which Yugoslav legislative, political, cultural, and ideological practice borrowed from the Soviet variety of socialism, we will consider examples from that tradition as well, treating it as the strictest incarnation of Marxism in Europe.