‘Were women present at the demographic transition?’ A question revisited

In this contribution I argue that the future of historical demography has much to gain from the incorporation of women and gender into research on the (first) fertility decline in the Western world. Gender, as an explanatory concept, can help construct more complex models for fertility decline in which economic, social and cultural explanations can be connected and which are more sensitive to diversity, to historical context, and to contingency. By perceiving men and women as gendered identities who may have different interests in reproductive outcomes, we will not only restore the necessary agency to historical actors, but we will also see more clearly how many important questions on the fertility decline still remain unanswered.     

十大观念成就周恩来廉政思想

在周恩来的众多著作、论述和讲话中,体现了丰富的廉政建设思想。主要包括高尚的世界观、人生观;为民谋利的宗旨观;服从大局的权力观;立足实际的发展现;不尚浮华的政绩观;唇齿相依的群众观;一心为公的党性观;无私奉献的工作观;本色不变的廉洁观和惩防并举的反腐观。周恩来廉政思想是马克思主义廉政理论与中国共产党廉政建设的具体实践相结合的产物,它的形成有其深刻的理论来源、历史根据、乡土根源以及革命和现实依据。     

列宁关于巩固党执政的群众基础思想及其意义

列宁在领导俄共(布)执政的过程中,围绕如何不断巩固党执政的群众基础,提出了一系列重要思想.他强调,执政党要依靠广大群众的信任而不是依靠强制力执政;执政党必须代表广大人民群众的利益和愿望;执政党必须提高自己的执政能力,取得执政的实际成效;执政党必须重视发挥执政党所代表的意识形态的引导作用.他的这些思想主张,对中国共产党执政具有重要的启示意义.     

青年志愿服务的现实作用和文化意义——以抗震救灾和北京奥运会为例

青年志愿者服务活动不仅对自身、他人、社会和国家都产生了深远的影响,更体现了集体主义和道德价值,满足了不同层次的心理需要,而且还弘扬了民族精神,升华了文化意识。     

统一司法考试二题

统一的法律职业资格考试的意义在于养成法官、检察官、律师三种职业之间内在共同性和职业共同体的意识及其统一整个国家范围内的法律准则。为实现这一制度的预期效果 ,司法考试的内容应重基本的法律理论与技术 ,并且有相当难度 ;报考者最低应有法律专业本科学历 ;考试方法既经济可行又能科学检测应考者的法律专业知识及应用能力 ;而且有必要建立考试之后的司法研修制度。     

论中国和平发展与国际法的交互影响和作用

A peaceful and harmonious world is an important social basis for China’s peaceful development, and international law lays a legal foundation and guarantee for building such a world. In the “village of globe” with co-existence and economic globalization, international law provides China a peaceful development with legal certainty in external environment of peace and security, fair and equal international competitive order, and international cooperation; and on the other hand, it puts on an increasing legal restraint on the internal and external strategies of China’s peaceful development. At the same time, the peaceful development of China deems to make a great contribution to the world, which are the main subject of international law in peace and development, as well as to human rights, rule of law and democracy, which are the universal values pursued by international law. Zeng Lingliang, Ph.D of law, is presently a dean and professor in the Faculty of Law in University of Macau. He is an awardee of the Cheung Kong Scholars Award Program and Jean Monnet Chair of European Union Law in Wuhan University, and one of the first three individuals nominated by the China government on the list of panelists in the WTO. He has published many articles on WTO issues, EU law and international law, and his influenced monographs are European Communities and Modern International Law (1992) and its revised edition—European Union and Modern International Law (1994), Law of World Trade Organization (1996), International Law and China in the Early 21 ^st Century (2005) and the Essentials of EU Law—in the New Perspective of the Treaty on the Constitution for Europe (2007).     

刑法之确定性及其法治意义

在理论上，刑法之确定性意味着刑法制度本身能够为人们提供一个发现刑法问题之正确答案的机制；在实践上，刑法之确定性则表现为刑法制度所坚持的明确性、稳定性、可预见性等诸多具体标准。法律的确定性是法治对法律的基本要求，刑法之确定性则是包含在罪刑法定这一法治原则之中的一项当然要求，因此它具有重要的法治意义。     

Towards a new paradigm of the right to self-determination in the world trading system

There has been a shifting meaning of the right to self-determination, since World War Ⅱ, from territorial decolonisation into other meanings such as the right for indigenous people, minorities, ethnics groups and women＇s rights in the territories of independent states. Furthermore, the new phenomenon signifies that it is also used implicitly in the world trading system by states in maintaining their sovereignty from trade liberalization. This has been a dilemma in understanding the right to self-determination within international law. This paper, however, critically evaluates the potential applicability of the right to self-determination in the world trading architecture. It begins by examining the origins, evolution and current struggle to the right to self-determination in the world trading system. It then addresses in General Exceptions, Safeguard Measures and Special and Preferential Treatment as existing and applied principles in the World Trade Organization. It is highlighted that the real world still needs the right to self-determination as a means of struggling for economic justice. The right to self-determination has shifted from the right to transfer territory politically into the right to the transfer of welfare economically and in particular, the right to self-determination of people into the fight to self-determination of states.     

JOURNEY FROM SUCCESS TO SIGNIFICANCE

One of the most important journeys that we can take as individuals is the journey from success to significance. Success is what we become and what we achieve when we value ourselves. Significance, however, is what we become and what we achieve when we value others. In this article, based on remarks by Judge David W. Young at the May 2007 “Summit on Unified Family Courts,” Judge Young invites us on a journey, first described by John Maxwell in The Journey from Success to Significance. Judge Young further explores what the journey from success to significance entails and reminds us that any success we have will leave the world with us while our significance will continue to live on in future generations through our service to children, families, and others.     

经济全球化和WTO背景下思想政治教育面临的挑战及对策研究

中国加入WTO既是难得的机遇,又面临着前所未有的挑战,在促进经济增长和加快中国发展的同时,给思想政治教育工作也带来了一些负面的影响:“双刃剑”的“阵痛”使一些深层次的矛盾和问题变得凸现出来,将困扰人们的思想;西方的意识形态将加剧对我国的“渗透”;给怎样认识社会主义市场经济条件下爱国主义教育增加了难度。我们应该充分认识加入WTO条件下加强思想政治工作的重要性;要切实加强加入WTO后群众思想状况的研究,提高思想政治工作的针对性;要准确把握时代特点,充分利用大众传播媒介的舆论宣传作用,注重思想政治工作方式方法的创新。