美国西部"世界花园"神话与美国文学中的西部意识

美国开发西部,最初是为了开辟亚洲市场和南美洲市场。随着人们的不断开拓,西部渐渐成了"世界花园"和远离东部现代文明的宁静的田园乐土,这一观念深入到了美国人的意识深处。尽管开发西部的结果是把西部变成了与东部一样的现代化地区,"世界花园"神话被现实击破,但人们的西部意识并未消失。一旦他们对现代文明有所不适,便想到要回归"西部",在下意识中寻找自由的"乐土"。     

论意义世界

意义世界,是支撑人在现实世界中安身立命、生活实践的价值理念系统,是一个超越性的形而上的世界.意义世界是由解释、应当、信仰等多个维度的内容构成的完整的世界,对意义世界的认知应切忌步入"盲人摸象"的误区.意义世界为人之为人、社会之为社会所必需,因而是无法排除的.意义世界是文化建构的结晶,并蕴涵在各种文化形式之中.意义世界避免花果飘零以致一片荒芜的根本奥秘在于与时俱进.     

进一步扩大对外开放加快建设"大大连"

进一步扩大对外开放,加快建设"大大连",必须提升新市区对外开放水平;力争国家批准建立大连自由贸易区;提高旅顺口区和长海县的开放度;保持外贸出口高速增长;扩大利用外资领域;加快以金融、会展、物流业为重点的服务贸易领域对外开放;实施"走出去"战略.     

解读邓小平“关键在人”思想

邓小平南巡谈话提出了“关键在人”思想。他指出 ,建设有中国特色社会主义伟大事业 ,关键在选拔人、教育人、培养人和使用人。“关键在人” ,从某种程度上说 ,关键在于科学的选人、用人及管理机制。     

科学马克思主义观的深化与拓展--论党的第三代中央领导集体的马克思主义观

党的第三代中央领导集体的马克思主义观,经历了一个确立、成熟和深入发展的阶段.从发生论、本质论、结构论、特征论和价值论等方面回答了什么是马克思主义的问题;从认真地学习和研究、完整准确地理解、既坚持又发展、不断进行理论创新、理论联系实际等方面说明了怎样对待马克思主义的问题.这一科学的马克思主义观具有重要的理论价值和实践意义.     

生态理念的方法论意义

生态合理性是体现新的时代精神的方法论,它为人们科学地认识人类自身的价值、人类与世界、与自然的关系提供了新的思维方式和研究方式,在更加深广的视野中拓展了人类的认识能力。用生态学的理念解构现代文明社会的价值观念,按照社会生态的整体观念来构建新的经济、社会和人全面协调发展的模式,才能向着文明、均衡、协调和健康的方向发展。     

论国际法与和谐世界

利用法律尤其是国际法维护国际和平是法学家们的崇高理想,国际条约是谋求国际和平与建立和谐世界的重要方式,推进国际经贸发展与解决经贸冲突是构建和谐世界的重要措施,国际法解决国际争端的目的在于谋求国际和平与建立和谐世界,从谋求国际和平到建立和谐世界是国际法目标的超越。“国际法—国际和平—和谐世界”之间具有内在逻辑联系。     

Belief in a Just World and Commitment to Long-Term Deserved Outcomes

We investigated whether people need to believe in a just world in part because such a belief helps people to work toward long-term goals and to do so in such a way that they are deserved. We assessed participants' long-term goal focus and also their commitment to deserving their outcomes (via a psychopathy scale). In a second session, participants were then exposed to a victim whose situation did or did not contradict a belief in a just world. When the victim's situation contradicted a belief in a just world, the greater the participants' tendency to focus on long-term outcomes, the more they blamed the victim for her misfortune; but this relation only occurred for participants with a strong commitment to deserving their outcomes (i.e., those low in psychopathy). The results are consistent with our argument that, given the function of the belief in a just world proposed in this article, people would have a greater need to preserve the belief (e.g., by blaming victims of injustice) the greater their investment in long-term and deserved outcomes.     

Belief in a Just World,Causal Attributions,and Adjustment to Sexual Violence

What influence do the personal belief in a just world (i.e., the perception that one usually gets what one deserves) and different kinds of causal attributions have on adjustment to sexual violence? Using a sample of N = 62 victims of sexual aggression (mean age = 21.7) it was shown that respondents were better able to adjust to their experience of sexual violence the higher their personal belief in a just world. Moreover, the more respondents attributed their victimization to situational circumstances (external attributions) and the less they attributed their victimization to their character and personality (characterological self-attributions), the less they felt distressed by past victimization. The degree to which participants attributed their victimization to their own concrete behavior (behavioral self-attribution) was not related to their adjustment. Further analyses showed that the influence of the personal belief in a just world was mediated by the three attribution styles. Additionally, the adaptiveness of external attributions was moderated by participants’ just world belief.     

比较文学学科的"死亡"与"再生"

传统意义上的比较文学学科在经历了多次"危机"之后其衰落之趋势是无可挽回的,但这种衰落恰恰为其"再生"奠定了内在的基础,此也即比较文学学科内部的反拨.在这方面,包括中国学者在内的东方和第三世界学者将对一门新的比较文学学科的"再生"有所作为.比较文学的最高境界是世界文学阶段.那种为比较而比较的牵强比附式的"比较文学"确实应该死亡,而一种新的融入了文化研究和世界文学成分的比较文学学科将在这其中获得再生.