近十年来关于邓小平南方谈话研究的述评

自2002年以来，国内学者围绕邓小平的南方谈话问题进行了诸多研究，对南方谈话的分析与论述也逐渐趋于系统化和理性化。总体来说，研究视野较为开阔，角度多维，相关观点论述较为成熟。相关热点问题研究深入、细化，边缘问题凸显，领域拓宽。与此同时，国内研究也显现出一定的不足和缺陷，研究的政治宣传意味较浓，研究缺乏常态化和规范化的支撑，热点问题的重复研究多，探索新领域的较少，缺乏深层次的理论挖掘，前景展望的研究少，研究中“避重就轻”的现象大量存在。     

监狱谈话口才表达技巧谈

教育改造罪犯,是监狱机关的重要任务;把罪犯改造成为守法公民,是法律赋予监狱的重要职责。监狱对罪犯实施个别教育,则是教育改造罪犯的基本手段。文章从监狱谈话口才概念入手,探讨了监狱谈话口才四个方面的表达技巧:一是把握对象,揣测心理;二是感化明理,有机结合;三是言辞简洁,话语明快;四是语调多变,语气灵活。同时,重点指出了监狱人民警察运用谈话口才表达技巧应注意的问题。     

The Nefarious Helping Hand: Anti-Corruption Campaigns,Social Service Provision,and Terrorism1

This article offers a novel contribution to the terrorism literature by using mathematical modeling and case studies to demonstrate how terrorist and extremist groups can utilize social service provision activities and anti-corruption campaigns instead of violent activities to gain support.The basic argument of the model is that terrorist groups will try to gain support by promising that they will be better distributors of resources than the current regime once they gain power and by promising that they will be less corrupt. However, because all organizations can freely make these promises, their words are cheap talk, and the general population should ignore them. To overcome this problem, organizations must offer a costly signal. Provision of social goods and implementation of explicit anti-corruption campaigns before taking power serves as such a signal. As the United States government and its allies widen their “war on terrorism,” they must consider the ramifications of social service provision and anti-corruption activities, which are common, effective, and potentially useful for increasing the probability of group success.     

Commentary: The Politics of Distrust

Abstract

Scholars have recently begun to study civil society on the regional level more systematically. When regionalization of civil society is studied, it is often understood within processes of regional governance in which state actors craft regional institutions and policy frameworks to solve common problems. Yet, most studies dealing with civil society in regional governance have a state-centric approach, focusing on the marginalization of civil society organizations (CSOs) in such processes, treating them as rather passive actors. This is especially true for research on southern Africa. Contrary to previous studies, this article shows under what circumstances CSOs are granted space in regional policy-making related to the Southern African Development Community (SADC). It is concluded that, in light of CSOs' material and economic weakness, one of the key factors determining their advocacy success on the regional level is production of knowledge and strategic use of communication tools. Even though many challenges remain, for example, the power structures inherent in the SADC, the case of civil society advocacy around the SADC is a sign of a new form of participatory regional governance in the making, which is more democratic than present modes of regional governance in Africa.     

Protracted Refugee Situations: Parallel Health Systems and Planning for the Integration of Services

The international community typically responds to refugee situationsby establishing ‘care and maintenance’ programmesspecifically for refugees. Limited resources may also be directedto hosting communities, but donors often channel the bulk offunding through UNHCR and its implementing partner NGOs, whoin turn create service delivery structures that are operatedin parallel to local structures. Although there may be causefor this approach in a short-term emergency phase, particularlyif the host country systems are very weak, this eventually becomesfinancially problematic if refugees continue to live in exilefor years at a time. In the short term, it can also engenderan inequitable and inefficient use of scarce resources. Thispaper traces the evolution and impact of implementing refugeehealth services in parallel to local systems using observationsfrom Uganda, and offers Quality Design as a model for planningthe local integration of services.     

试论邓小平对我国政治体制改革的历史贡献

邓小平作为我国改革开放和社会主义现代化建设的总设计师,他对政治体制改革的历史贡献可与经济体制改革相提并论。他从十一届三中全会召开前夕起,即已开始谈论和率先提出政治体制改革的问题,后经深思熟虑,系统形成改革的总体思路,并把政治体制改革推上党和国家的紧要日程。     

访谈法在社会科学研究中的应用

访谈法是访谈者通过对访谈对象进行访谈而对社会现象进行调查的方法。访谈者应按照一定的原则和程序实施访谈 ,并在访谈中讲究技巧 ,以降低访谈法固有的局限     

The Great Game and the evolving nature of political talk shows on Russian television

ABSTRACT

Much has been written about the specific way in which the Russian government under President Vladimir V. Putin uses television to propagate pro-government views on domestic and international politics by influencing what is aired. This paper examines the first season of The Great Game (Bol’shaya Igra in Russian), a television talk show that appears on Russia’s national television network Channel One, as an example of the government’s effort to shape public opinion. A content analysis suggests The Great Game differs from the typical Russian talk show genre in that it delivers political messages without much entertainment, providing cerebral discussions of issues that nonetheless back up all nine of the core “neoconservative” concepts underlying recent Russian political strategy. This suggests that the Russian government and television executives innovate to determine how best to use television to win over skeptical citizens to the Kremlin’s point of view.     

Class,Race Issues,and Declining White Support for the Democratic Party in the South

The Democratic Party in the South has experienced a major loss of white voters in recent decades. Two major hypotheses have been proposed to explain this change. The dominant explanation in recent years has been that race issues have driven whites from the Democratic Party in the South. In this view, defections from the Democratic Party have occurred because whites oppose the party's positions on race issues. In contrast, others have suggested that class divisions have emerged as important, with affluent whites increasingly supportive of the Republican Party because they find its positions more compatible with their interests. Using NES data, this article assesses the evidence for these hypotheses, examining the impact of income position and race issues on partisan behavior since 1952. While both factors affect partisan support, income has come to have a relatively greater effect on partisan support than race issues. The evidence clearly indicates that class divisions in the South have steadily increased and that affluent whites have steadily shifted to the Republican Party. The implications are significant for understanding the dramatic changes in the South in recent decades. Much has been made of the tensions over race issues, and the findings presented here lend further support to the importance of race issues in southern electoral politics. However, these findings also suggest that class divisions are a steadily increasing source of political cleavage in this region. The current state of electoral politics in the South cannot be properly understood unless both of these factors are taken into account.     

苏南地区村民委员会的自治及其与乡镇政府的关系——锡山、昆山两市农村调查

本文通过分析在锡山、昆山两市农村实地调查所获材料,说明在现阶段苏南地区村民自治进程中,村委会的管理界限更多的局限于村内的公共事务,而在村委会的选举中,来自行政村内部的力量发挥着越来越重要的作用,但由于历史惯性等原因,目前,村委会与乡镇政府的关系处于后者占主导地位的非均衡状态。