新时期大学生科技创新精神和创新能力的培养

21世纪国际竞争日益激化,其本质就是创新型人才的竞争。创新教育是创新型人才培养的前提,而高等教育在创新型人才的培养中起着至关重要的作用,必须要从创意性的课堂教学、结合创业教育开展创新教育、依托大学科技园进行大学生科技创新素质的培养等途径,充分发挥高校对大学生科技创新精神和创新能力的培养作用。     

山区水库移民女性生活发展状况研究——以X省Y县Z村水库移民为例

在女性群体中有一个特殊的人群--农村水库移民女性.从对移民家庭发展历程中经历的搬迁、建房和土地利用这三个生活场景变迁的描述中可以看出,作为妻子和母亲双重角色的移民女性群体的社会适应过程,及其对抗危机策略中所表现的灵活实用和开放发展的特质.     

农村环境污染救济的困难与对策研究

我国农村环境污染日趋严重,对农民的生命健康权和财产权造成了较严重损害,但农民对环境污染的救济却存在多重困难,应从价值层面强化维护农民生存权的法治理念,并从制度层面强化政府的环保职责和提高农民的救济能力。     

加强党陛修养 推动科学发展——对新时期加强领导干部党性教育的思考

重视党性教育,加强党性修养和党性锻炼,是中国共产党加强自身队伍建设的优良传统和一大优势。在不同的历史时期,领导干部党性教育既表现出内在的一致性,同时又表现出明显的时代特点。新时期,世情、国情、党情都发生了重大变化．对加强领导干部的党性教育提出了新的要求、新的考验。     

构建新型农村社会保障体系的困境破解

土地流转制度在我国农村形成了"三类人群":失地农民、农民工、农业劳动者,这"三类人群"是构建新型农村社会保障体系的特有约束。破解土地流转背景下构建新型农村社会保障体系的困境,切实保障农村居民的社会保障利益,是建设覆盖城乡的社会保障体系,构建和谐社会的基本要求。笔者在肯定土地流转制度有效的前提下,借鉴经济学中对弹性的分析思路,构建理论模型,分析土地流转制度下社会保障涉及的三大人群对社会保障制度的需求弹性和供需缺口,并基于制度变迁理论,设计出构建新型农村社会保障体系的"和谐三角"。     

Age estimation by pulp/tooth ratio in canines by peri-apical X-rays

Estimation of age in individuals has received considerable attention in forensic science, in which it is a widely used method for individual identification, together with paleo-demographic analyses to establish mortality patterns in past populations. The present investigation, which is a continuation of a previously published pilot study, was conducted to examine the possible application of the pulp/tooth area ratio by peri-apical images as an indicator of age at death. A total of 200 peri-apical X-rays of upper and lower canines were assembled from 57 male and 43 female skeletons of Caucasian origin, aged between 20 and 79 years. They belong to the Frassetto osteological collection of Sassari (Sardinia) and are housed in the Museum of Anthropology, Department of Experimental and Evolutionistic Biology, University of Bologna. For each skeleton, dental maturity was evaluated by measuring the pulp/tooth area ratio on upper (x(1)) and lower (x(2)) canines. Very good agreement was found between intraobserver measurements. Statistical analysis was performed in order to obtain multiple regression formulae for dental age calculation, with chronological age as dependent variable, and gender, and upper and lower canines as independent variables. Stepwise regression analysis showed that gender did not contribute significantly to the fit (p=0.881) whereas variables x(1) and x(2) and the first-order interaction between them did. These two variables explained 92.5% of variations in estimated chronological age and the residual standard error was 4.06 years. Lastly, two simple linear regression equations were obtained for age estimation using canines from the maxilla and mandible separately. Both models explained 86% of variations in estimated chronological age and allowed an age-at-death estimate with a residual standard error of about 5.4 years.     

Age estimation by pulp/tooth ratio in canines by mesial and vestibular peri-apical X-rays

Changes in the size of the pulp canal, caused by apposition of secondary dentine, are the best morphometric parameters for estimating age by X-rays. The apposition of secondary dentine is the most frequently used method for age estimation in adult subjects. In two previous papers, we studied the application of the pulp/tooth area ratio by peri-apical X-rays as an indicator of age at death. The aim of the present study was to test the accuracy of age evaluation by combined analysis of labio-lingual and mesial peri-apical X-rays of lower and upper canines. A total of 200 such X-rays were assembled from 57 male and 43 female skeletons of Caucasian origin, aged between 20 and 79 years. For each skeleton, dental maturity was evaluated by measuring the pulp/tooth area ratio according to labio-lingual and mesial X-rays on upper (x(1), x(2)) and lower (x(3), x(4)) canines. Very good agreement was found between intra-observer measurements. Statistical analysis showed that all variables x(1), x(2), x(3), and x(4) and the first-order interaction between x(1) and x(3) contributed significantly to the fit, so that they were included in the regression model, yielding the following regression formula: Age = 120.737 - 337.112x(1) - 79.709x(2) - 364.534x(3) - 65.655x(4) + 1531.918x(1)x(3) . The residual standard error of estimated ages was 3.62 years, with 94 degrees of freedom, and the median of the residuals was -0.155 years, with an interquartile range of 4.96 years. The accuracy of the method was ME = 2.8 years, where ME is the mean prediction error. The model also explained 94% of total variance (R(2) = 0.94).     

论问题引导型法学教学模式

法学知识不仅可以而且应该在“问题”的引导下进行传授。所以,我国的法学教育必须实现从“知识灌输模式”向“问题引导模式”的转变。“问题引导模式”的内核在于问题意识和创新精神的培养。在教师自身具备问题意识和创新精神的前提下,“问题引导模式”的实施还应该把握以下几个方面：要求学生预习教材;引导学生关注实际问题;因地制宜选择教学方法;掌握提问技巧;消除权威意识。     

井冈山精神再解读

井冈山精神是中华民族＂脊梁精神＂的重要内核,是当代具有原创意义的民族精神。井冈山精神有丰富博大的内涵。根据江泽民、胡锦涛同志曾有的概括,融合他们指示的要义,井冈山精神的精髓和特征,可再作如下深层解读：井冈山精神的核心是实事求是、敢闯新路,井冈山精神的灵魂是坚定信念、矢志不移,井冈山精神的基石是依靠群众、艰苦奋斗。新世纪所涌动的时代风貌、时代气脉,仍然需要融会井冈山精神的内核,呼唤井冈山精神的灵魂。     

论古田会议精神在中国革命中的实践与弘扬

古田会议精神的核心内容是党的建设、军队建设、根据地建设纲领的确立和对中国革命成功之路的根本确定。古田会议精神是井冈山精神的延续,这一精神在中国革命战争的各个历史阶段中得到了实践和进一步弘扬,相继形成了苏区精神、长征精神、抗战精神、延安精神和西柏坡精神等精神系列,从而成为中国共产党、人民军队和革命人民夺取中国革命胜利的坚强精神支柱。