论公安院校人才培养目标

公安教育必须坚持以市场为导向,重视创新人才培养,改革现有的教育体制和评估体系,把教学真正引导到创新上来,努力培养高素质的“一专多能”的新型预备警官。     

对培育我国高科技产业集群的思考

产业集群的要素有企业、市场、品牌、协作关系、生产基地、专业化配套环境、公共研发机构、制度创新等。产业集群的模式有轴轮式产业集群、多核式产业集群、网状式产业集群等。培育产业集群的思路是制定产业集群发展规划、建设配套环境、实施专业化园区建设、培育品牌集群以及实施“目标招商”和“策划招商”。     

云南跨境洗钱犯罪问题研究

云南特殊的地理位置和域内的犯罪形态,决定着云南成为各类违法犯罪即跨境洗钱犯罪的重要地区,尤以赌资、贪污腐败所得等洗钱犯罪为主要。当前,控制云南跨境洗钱犯罪的相关对策:一是刑事立法方面的对策;二是金融机构的相应对策;三是刑事执法对策。我们坚信,随着我国反洗钱执法力度的不断加大,执法环境的不断改善,我省境内的洗钱犯罪现象将被逐步遏制,各类跨境洗钱犯罪将受到法律的严惩。(续上期)     

构建我国税收司法组织机构体系的设想

随着我国税制改革的不断深入,建立一个科学的税收司法组织机构体系成为急需解决的问题。笔者认为,根据我国目前的国情,应设置税务警察和税务检察室,但不应设置税务法院。在经济发达地区可以试点设置税务法庭。同时,对已设置的税务行政复议机构有必要进行重新设置,以适应新的税制要求。     

公安机关防治青少年犯罪现存的问题及改进措施——借鉴日本与我国台湾地区的相关经验

我国青少年犯罪形势日趋严峻,公安机关作为预防和打击犯罪的最强有力的专门机关在防治青少年犯罪问题上责无旁贷。虽然公安机关在防治青少年犯罪方面的成绩有目共睹,但在现实中仍存在有待解决的问题。为了更好的发挥公安机关在防治青少年犯罪问题上应有的主体地位和指导作用,我们可以借鉴日本和我国台湾地区的相关经验,建立防治青少年犯罪的专门机构,设置专职警察,开展“青少年警察志愿者计划”,以期开创公安机关防治青少年犯罪工作的新局面。     

Trans-Regional Courts in China: A Study of Establishment Models and Jurisdictional Rules

The trans-administrative regional (trans-regional) court was created as part of China’s judicial reforms in 2014. Thus far, only two trans-regional courts have been established, namely the Shanghai No. 3 and Beijing No. 4 Intermediate People’s Courts. An important reason for this slow pace is that the trans-regional court has transcended the current structural framework under the Organic Law of the People’s Courts in that (1) it is neither a specialized court that hears certain types of cases, (2) nor a local court established completely in keeping with administrative divisions. Therefore, the legal nature and status can only be clarified and justified when there is a clear definition of this new court system in the Organic Law of the People’s Courts. Several models, namely the independent set-up model, full reshuffling model and limited transformation model, have been proposed for the establishment of trans-regional courts. The most practical and efficient among these models is the limited transformation model, aiming to reconstruct the existing railway transportation courts. The trans-regional courts may have exclusive, alienage, or supplemental jurisdiction. Each form addresses particular types of special and major trans-regional cases, and other cases based on the theory of consolidation.     

Are regulatory agencies independent in practice? Evidence from board members in Spain

Are the board members of regulatory agencies (regulators), taken as a particular cluster within the public sphere, independent of elected politicians and tenured bureaucrats? How can we assess their independence in practice, beyond formal rules? To address these questions, this paper delves into two key dimensions: board members' social connections and their security of tenure in office. Firstly, we focus on regulators' identity as policy adjudicators and examine their political and administrative relations. In doing so, we expect to understand better how regulators' social and political situations may influence their behavior. Secondly, we assess their political vulnerability through political cycles in order to measure their de facto independence over time. Additionally, variations in these two dimensions are compared with respect to the effect of different de jure appointment rules. We contrast these expectations with the empirical evaluation of board members of regulatory agencies in Spain (1979–2010). Thus, we confirm that regulators who have an administrative profile are more vulnerable to political changes than those with political ties, while appointment rules have an influence on their political vulnerability.     

Political values in independent agencies

Despite that independent agencies are typically justified in terms of technical efficiency, they inevitably have to make political judgments. How can political reasoning be legitimate in such institutions? This paper starts by investigating the merits of two prominent models. The “avoidance model” asks agency reasoning to stick to empirical facts and as far as possible stay clear of political values. By contrast, the “specification model” recognizes the need for constructive normative work, but confines it to the refinement of given statutes. This paper challenges both models and defends a third alternative. The “public reason model” requires agencies to ground their value judgments in a publicly accessible framework of reasoning, which is here interpreted as their overarching mandate. The paper argues that agency mandates should be conceived as distinct domains of reasoning, and it delineates three institutional virtues that enable agencies to track this domain.     

修订药品管理法，强化药品执法行刑联动机制——中美药品行刑联动机制比较研究

本文旨在理顺药品行政执法与刑事司法的关系,强化药品执法力度,为修改《药品管理法》奠定理论基础。文章运用规范研究方法、比较法学和案例分析法对中美药品行刑联动机制作深入的比较分析。通过研究发现我国药品执法行刑联动机制存在的问题,并借鉴美国药品行刑联动机制建设经验,提出修改《药品管理法》的建议。     

我国社区矫正机构设置探析

我国《刑事诉讼法》和《社区矫正法》中的"社区矫正机构"尚没有明确释义。建设中国特色社区矫正机构,需要借鉴发达国家的成功经验,认真总结社区矫正试点试行中机构设置的利弊,做好顶层设计。鉴于目前的机构设置尚不成熟,建议在中央和省级将监狱和社区罪犯管理机构合并,在县级设立专门的执法机构取代司法所,直接承担对罪犯的管理职能。以司法所为主的执法管理模式不利于实现专业化和职业化发展。县级社区矫正机构可根据需要下设分支机构,但管理范围需打破乡镇、街道行政区划的界限,隶属关系向省级垂直管理的方向发展。这样有利于机构设置的精简高效,为扩大社区刑罚适用范围搭建好平台。