Fertility and migration in the heart of the industrial revolution

Using research into the formation of industrial populations in the nineteenth century, this article examines the relationships between immigration and natality in Tilleur, an exemplary locality for studying the industrial revolution in Belgium. The main purpose is to test the general hypothesis positing a distinction between a foundation phase and a maturation phase in the process through which an industrial population is formed. The results are a contribution to the debate about the beginning of the fertility transition in industrial cities, and its relations to differential nuptiality and fertility in light of spatial origins.     

Workplace Assessment of Targeted Violence Risk: The Development and Reliability of the WAVR‐21

This study describes the development of the WAVR‐21, a structured professional judgment guide for the assessment of workplace targeted violence, and presents initial interrater reliability results. The 21‐item instrument codes both static and dynamic risk factors and change, if any, over time. Five critical items or red flag indicators assess violent motives, ideation, intent, weapons skill, and pre‐attack planning. Additional items assess the contribution of mental disorder, negative personality factors, situational factors, and a protective factor. Eleven raters each rated 12 randomly assigned cases from actual files of workplace threat scenarios. Summary interrater reliability correlation coefficients (ICCs) for overall presence of risk factors, risk of violence, and seriousness of the violent act were in the fair to good range, similar to other structured professional judgment instruments. A subgroup of psychologists who were coders produced an ICC of 0.76 for overall presence of risk factors. Some of the individual items had poor reliability for both clinical and statistical reasons. The WAVR‐21 appears to improve the structuring and organizing of empirically based risk‐relevant data and may enhance communication and decision making.     

Hitting the right target: EU and Security Council pursuit of terrorist financing

This article analyses one specific instance of the use of targeted sanctions to combat the financing of terrorism by the European Union on behalf of the United Nations Security Council. The case raised a number of issues involving the use of sanctions against non-state actors and provoked a legal challenge at the European Court of Justice. These European court cases have been portrayed as a challenge to the use of targeted sanctions by the Security Council to maintain international peace and security. The fundamental critique here is that targeted sanctions must adhere to due process and the rule of law in order to protect individual human rights.     

Stopping the Cycle of Child Abuse and Neglect: A Call to Action to Focus on Pregnant and Parenting Youth in and Aging Out of the Foster Care System

Each year, a significant number of adolescents become pregnant in the United States, with more than half of these pregnancies resulting in live births. Adolescent parenting is associated with poor outcomes, including increased risk of child maltreatment. Youth “aging out” of the foster care system may be at greater risk of maltreating their children due to their experiences of child maltreatment, a lack of social support, and little preparation for parenthood. This article examines current programs and policies targeting pregnant and parenting youth aging out and presents a research agenda that focuses on pregnancy prevention and positive parenting.     

IS THE ANTISOCIAL CHILD FATHER OF THE ABUSIVE MAN? A 40‐YEAR PROSPECTIVE LONGITUDINAL STUDY ON THE DEVELOPMENTAL ANTECEDENTS OF INTIMATE PARTNER VIOLENCE*

This prospective longitudinal study examined whether early childhood risk factors contributed to explaining and predicting intimate partner violence (IPV) in midadulthood. Participants included 202 men from the Cambridge longitudinal study who were in an intimate relationship in their mid‐40s. Neuropsychological deficits and the presence of a criminogenic family environment were measured between ages 8 and 10. Antisocial behavior was measured between ages 8 and 18. IPV was measured at age 48 using a self‐report instrument completed by the participants' female partners. Perpetration and victimization rates were relatively high; violence was mostly mutual, and men were more likely to be victims than perpetrators. Findings indicate that a criminogenic environment increases the risk of IPV by fostering the development of antisocial behavior and neuropsychological deficits. A link also exists between a high level of antisocial behavior during adolescence and the risk of IPV later in life. The results suggest the presence of both continuity and discontinuity of antisocial behavior as childhood risk factors that increase the likelihood of future involvement in IPV, but the role of these risk factors is modest.     

Affect Regulation and the Cycle of Violence Against Women: New Directions for Understanding the Process

The process of the intergenerational transmission of violence is not well understood. A risk and resilience model of criminal violence against women was investigated using secondary data. The sample was composed of adolescent male juvenile delinquents who had been physically abused by their parents, and who were followed up at ages 25 and 31. A series of structural equation models were fit to investigate whether dysregulated affect mediated the effects of attachment and family chaos on the adult perpetration of violence against women. These models support the hypothesis that affect dysregulation may act as a mediator. Results raise new ideas about the mechanisms by which violence may be transmitted across generations.     

“动新闻事件”与台湾媒体素养教育——基于批判媒体教育学的视角

动新闻是当代数字传媒以写实的手法通过动漫的方式所呈现的一种新闻样式。动新闻的内容大多为负面社会新闻,不利于阅听人的身心健康,在传播上可以通过手机或网络下载阅读。台湾壹传媒旗下的《苹果日报》推出动新闻后,因其报道内容膻色腥而震惊全岛,激起动新闻事件。这一事件深刻反映了媒体产品形态与内容、媒体市场赢利与社会责任、媒体自律与他律等关系的相互纠结。因此,详细剖析动新闻事件引发的争议,从批判媒体教育学视角解析动新闻的传播模式,分析动新闻事件背后的媒体素养教育观,阐明台湾媒体素养教育的实践困境并提出相关对策,对动新闻的传播和阅听人媒体素养的形成具有重要的意义和价值。     

自媒体对公安机关形象的消极影响及应对措施

随着自媒体行业的快速发展,网络信息的传播呈现新的传播态势。自媒体自身的特点及其独特的传播方式使大量有关公安工作的负面信息得以滋生和流转,对公安机关的形象产生了消极影响,进而削弱了警察权威,降低了执法公信力,不利于公安工作的顺利开展。对此,公安机关应从抓好自身建设做起,加强网络监管,做好舆论引导,及时有效地处理好公安形象危机问题,重树公安机关良好形象,更好地为人民服务。     

低压架空线路雷电感应过电压计算

低压架空线路在野外与雷击点距离较近或由于与建筑物避雷引下线的距离较近,因雷电电磁场作用于架空线路,在线上产生的感应过电压会造成线路对杆塔横担闪络.采用电磁场理论,分析了低压架空线路旁接闪物体及架空线路高度、线路与雷击点间距等参数对架空线路感应过电压的影响,推导出了架空线路附近出现雷击时在架空线路上的感应过电压计算公式.     

上市公司控股股东自利性并购的隧道阻遏研究

日渐活跃的企业并购在给我国上市公司带来发展繁荣的同时,亦为控股股东的自利性行为提供了新的媒介和手段,其往往通过与上市公司之间股权、资产的移转来实现利益输送,不断侵蚀中小股东的利益,掏空上市公司,而立法上的缺漏和监管上的匮乏却对此捉襟见肘。面对屡见不鲜的控股股东自利性并购,法律的不完备性日渐显现,使得私法诉讼难以成为有效的利益输送阻遏手段,而建立有效的证券监管体制和自律机制将能有效补充司法处理的短板。因此,针对控股股东愈渐隐蔽化的自利性并购行为,应该以"分而治之"的思路建构全景式的三维法律治理方案,从司法救济、证券监管和上市公司治理结构优化等制度维度进行全面治理,特别是通过优化证券监管职权配置和明确控股股东信义义务来增强阻吓频度与力度,最终有效阻遏控股股东的利益输送行为,促进我国上市公司与国民经济的健康发展。