资源和环境约束下我国产业结构的调整方向

我国现行的经济发展模式日益受到资源和环境的严重制约。要保持经济持续、稳定、健康发展，必须大力推进产业结构的优化和升级，其主要方向是：走新型工业化道路，发展循环经济；加快服务业发展，提高服务业的比重和水平；提高自主创新能力；发展现代农业等。     

书法文化的人生密码

书法通常被当作艺术。然而,如果将中国书法仅仅理解为一种艺术,那就曲解和委屈了书法,误读了它对于中国民族的深刻意义。在其他文明中,书法也许只是艺术,但在中国,它却是文化本身。书法、书法史,是中国人的文化基因图表,演绎着中国人的精神世界和性格构造。书之＂法＂与人之＂法＂统一,赋予其＂方不中矩,圆不副规＂的＂从心所欲不逾矩＂的中国式自由意境;刚柔性格,进退智慧,演绎着＂志在飞移＂、＂将奔未驰＂的＂无为而无不为＂的人生大智慧,＂书写＂着儒道佛三位一体的极富弹性的安身立命的基地;真善美贯通,表达了＂风骚之意＂与＂天地之心＂的天作之合,沉默庄严地演奏着中国人高明悠远的灵魂协奏曲。     

家庭与青少年犯罪

青少年违法犯罪,是当今各国面临的严重社会问题。这一问题产生的原因是多方面的,其中家庭的负面影响是导致青少年违法犯罪的直接和重要原因。影响青少年健康成长的家庭负面影响,主要包括不良的家庭环境和不当的家庭教育两大方面。要预防和减少青少年犯罪,必须首先从家庭做起。要强化家庭的教育职能,提高家长的素质,营造良好的家庭环境,更新教育观念,讲究教育方法,做到德智并举。     

Environmental Harm or Natural Hazard? Problem Identification and Adaptation in U.S. Municipal Climate Action Plans

A number of cities in the United States have devised climate action plans (CAPs) to mitigate the effects of climate change. However, few of these plans address strategies to adapt to the long term effects of climate change that will occur in the near and distant future. The research presented in this article examines why cities choose to embed adaptation provisions in their CAPs. Our study codes the content of CAPs for all cities (N = 98) in the United States with populations greater than 50,000. We find cities that frame problems associated with climate change in the language of hazards are more likely to include adaptation strategies in their CAPs than cities that focus on other types of environmental harm. Our findings suggest that more robust efforts to plan for climate change will require the activation of communities of interest beyond those that have been instrumental in setting the current climate agenda.     

Advocacy Coalitions in Ontario Land Use Policy Development

In 2005, the Ontario government passed the Places to Grow Act and the Greenbelt Act, both major changes in land use policy designed to preserve greenspaces and combat urban sprawl in the Greater Golden Horseshoe, Canada's largest conurbation. This article examines the actors, actor beliefs, and inter‐actor alliances in the southern Ontario land use policy subsystem from the perspective of the Advocacy Coalition Framework (ACF). Specifically, this paper undertakes an empirical examination of the ACF's Belief Homophily Hypothesis, which holds that inter‐actor alliances form on the basis of shared policy‐relevant beliefs, creating advocacy coalitions. The analysis finds strong evidence of three advocacy coalitions in the policy subsystem—an agricultural coalition, an environmentalist coalition, and a developers' coalition—as predicted by the hypothesis. However, it also finds equally strong evidence of a cross‐coalition coordination network of peak organizations, something not predicted by the Belief Homophily Hypothesis, and in need of explanation within the ACF.     

An Appraisal of Decomposition Cases Received at the Johannesburg Forensic Pathology Service Medico‐legal Mortuary During 2010–2011

Decomposed bodies pose many questions for researchers regarding environmental effects, cause of death, and patterns. This study aimed to observe the factors associated with decomposed bodies autopsied at the Johannesburg Forensic Pathology Service Medico‐legal Mortuary. A total of 4876 autopsies were conducted from 2010 to 2011, of which 109 were decomposed. Black individuals made up the largest proportion (67%) followed by White (26%). Males comprised 86.2%, while 12.8% were female. The mean age was 42.78 years. Most cases were in the early stages of decomposition (49.5%), with 32.1% bloated, 11.9% in active decay, 2.8% in advanced decay, and 3.7% were skeletal. Insect activity was identified in 25.7% of decomposition cases. Cause of death was determined in 48.6% of cases. Of all the cases, 64% were found indoors and 23% outdoors, while 23% had insufficient information regarding the location. Of considerable interest was the number of cases from hospitals and clinics.     

环境行政许可的八个立法原则

在现代社会,许可证制度是防范环境风险最主要的法律制度。目前,学界对行政许可的一般立法原则(法律保留原则、便民效率原则、信赖保护原则、公开公平原则等)探讨甚多,而对环境行政许可具有自身特色的立法原则探讨较少。环境行政许可具有风险品性、科技背景、利益权衡、代际平衡、国际关联等五个特征,因此,环境行政许可的立法,除了须遵循行政许可的一般立法原则外,还须遵循预防、谨慎行事、合理开发利用、污染者负担、科技促进、公众参与、协同合作、国家环境资源主权与不损害国外环境等八个立法原则。这八个原则对具体制度的建构均有明确的要求,并在特定情况下使许可举证责任发生转移。     

＂人文北京＂建设的法制思考

“人文北京”建设的核心是“人”和“文”，以人为本，以文化人，从“人”的角度，“人文北京”就是要建设更加繁荣、文明、和谐、宜居、健康的社会主义和谐社会“首善之区”。从“文”的角度．“人文北京”就是要建成最具人文关怀、最显文明风采、最有文化魅力的中国特色社会主义先进文化之都。“法治”建设，是人文北京建设的重要目标和内涵要求。一方面，法治是实现真正的“人文北京”的内涵之一；另一方面，健全法制又是“人文北京”建设的根本保障。完善的文化法律法规体系、协调高效的文化执法机制、廉洁公正的司法运行机制、便捷的法律中介服务机制是文化法制建设的要求。在“人文北京”法制环境建设路径方面，建议构建“人文北京”的法制建设规划；健全“人文北京”的地方文化法规体系；创造“人文北京”的良好法治氛围。     

循环经济的价值分析

环境和技术问题是制约着人类社会发展的两大重要因素,如何避免其负面影响,发挥其积极效应,是我们应该面对和思考的问题.循环经济为我们进一步解决目前面临的环境和技术问题提供了一条新的思路,它的提出体现了环境的价值,指明了技术发展的方向,进而为人的全面发展提供了物质和技术基础,推动整个人类社会的进步.     

Regulating Lobbyists: A Comparative Analysis of the United States, Canada, Germany and the European Union

Lobbying is central to the democratic process. Yet, only four political systems have lobbying regulations: the United States, Canada, Germany and the EU (most particularly, the European Parliament). Despite the many works offering individual country analysis of lobbying legislation, a twofold void exists in the literature. Firstly, no study has offered a comparative analysis classifying the laws in these four political systems, which would improve understanding of the different regulatory environments. Secondly, few studies have analysed the views of key agents—politicians, lobbyists and regulators—and how these compare and contrast across regulatory environments.
We firstly utilise an index measuring how strong the regulations are in each of the systems, and develop a classification scheme for the different 'ideal' types of regulatory environment. Secondly, we measure the opinions of political actors, interest groups and regulators in all four systems (through questionnaires and elite interviews) and see what correlations, if any, exist between the different ideal types of system and their opinions. The conclusion highlights our findings, and the lessons that can be used by policy-makers in systems without lobbying legislation.