倾听女性自己的声音--关于"女性·社会焦点问题报告"丛书的思索

本文认为"女性原因与对女性发展的制约所在,并就女性生存经验予以挖掘、发现,以探索女性精神成长的可能性.该丛书避开了纯粹理论叙述的模式,将理论与当下的现实紧密联系,以女性自己的声音对女性的历史与现实进行描摹与实录,从而完成了对女性生存现实状态的展示、女性审视自我主体意识的陷阱存在、女性自我精神力量与存在价值的探寻.     

道德建设公民化的重要举措

社会主义精神文明是社会主义的主要特征 ,是社会主义制度优越性的重要表现。中共中央发布的《公民道德建设实施纲要》是社会主义精神文明建设的重大成果 ,是道德建设公民化的重要举措。它标志着社会主义精神文明建设进入了一个崭新的阶段 ,对公民道德建设具有深远的历史意义。     

Abuse among African-American elderly

This paper presents an overview of recent literature and research on elder abuse among African-Americans. Data about maltreatment of elders in the majority and minority races are presented, but persistent, unanswered questions and other issues also are raised. Characteristics of victims and perpetrators of elder abuse, the history and cultural traditions of Black families, differences between Black informal support networks and others, the phenomenon of violence and African-Americans, and concerns about access and utilization of formal support(s) are discussed. Interim recommendations are proposed.     

邓小平的精神动力观与全面建设小康社会

邓小平的精神动力观是邓小平社会发展理论的一个重要组成部分,其内容丰富而深刻。牢固树立全面建设小康社会的精神支柱,是邓小平的精神动力观在新世纪的时代要求。高举邓小平理论的伟大旗帜,全面贯彻“三个代表”重要思想,是构筑当代中国全面建设小康社会精神支柱的宏伟战略。     

试论物质文明、政治文明、精神文明的相互关系

政治文明范畴的提出 ,丰富与拓展了人类文明观的内涵 ,对社会主义是全面进步的社会作出了富有创造性的诠释。它是对唯物史观的发展与创新 ,是对科学社会主义理论的发展与创新。政治文明与物质文明、精神文明是互相作用、互相推动的。     

Maltreated Children and Their Families in Juvenile Dependency Court II: Maltreatment Recidivism

The most serious maltreatment cases are referred to Juvenile Dependency Court. Eighty-eight court records were coded for factors related to maltreatment recidivism, including prior involvement histories, differential response, and placement changes. Seventy-two percent of caregivers had previous involvement, which correlated with family size and number of presenting concerns. When caregivers were offered voluntary services previously, 15% were completed. Children of substance-abusing caregivers were more likely to have prior involvement with the system. On average, children experienced four placement changes. Almost half of children reunified with caregivers had to be removed by the court. Recommendations and future directions are discussed.     

A Statewide Study of the Public's Knowledge of Child Abuse Reporting Laws

This study conducted telephone interviews with a random sample of adults (N = 509) in a state with a universal child abuse reporting law. A substantial proportion of the interviewees (39%) were not aware of this law. Findings indicated that the public's understanding was mixed. Most respondents knew that reports could be made anonymously and that their identity could be kept private. However, most believed that children are automatically removed from the home if there is maltreatment and more than 50% were not aware they could be charged with a misdemeanor for failing to report a suspicion of child abuse. The respondents who had ever made a report (19%), had a greater knowledge of the laws than those who had not made a report. Older adults and those with less education had the least accurate perception of child abuse reporting policies. When asked about barriers to reporting, respondents cited worries that reporting would not help the child. Findings suggest that efforts to increase the public's comfort with reporting may require strategies to increase their confidence that the benefits will outweigh the risks for the child.     

虐待罪及其处遇——基于和谐社会语境下的思考

虐待罪属于亲情间的犯罪,家庭成员成为厘定该罪范围的重要内容。囿于对虐待罪犯罪表象恶的认识,主张对其施以重刑的思想成为必然。通过对虐待罪范围及其表现形式的分析,在基于和谐社会建设的主题语境下,认为对虐待罪的处遇应当在现行刑法规定范围内,对行刑方式作恰当的改变,对一般虐待行为和虐待罪之轻罪施行社区矫正的处罚;重罪依法酌情予以假释或减刑再进入社区矫正。使之既有利于罪犯真正改造,又有利于家庭建设与良好发展,达到刑罚的真正目的。     

Police Charging Decisions in Child Maltreatment Investigations: Findings from the 2008 Ontario Incidence Study of Reported Child Abuse and Neglect

The objective of this study was to use logistic regression and examine factors that influence charging decisions by the police during child maltreatment investigations. An estimated 4,808 substantiated child maltreatment investigations that involved police were obtained from the 2008 Ontario Incidence Study of Reported Child Abuse and Neglect. Of the 4,808 cases examined, police laid charges in about one-third of the cases. Controlling for all other factors, police were 1.6 times more likely to lay charges in physical abuse cases and 2.5 times more likely to lay charges in sexual abuse cases. Other factors associated with police charging decisions include: older victim, cases with multiple types of maltreatment, cases opened for ongoing services, and cases of the child living in a house known to have drugs or household hazards. The article discusses the results and their implications for child welfare policy and practice.     

Anger, Child Behavior, and Family Distress: Further Evaluation of the Parental Anger Inventory

Presumably, anger is a common experience of parenting. Although practitioners and researchers recognize the role of anger in various parenting situations, objective and standardized measures of parental anger have been notably lacking in the field. This study examined the Parental Anger Inventory (PAI), a measure developed specifically to assess parental anger in response to child misbehavior. A diverse sample of 98 parents participated in the study, including (a) physically abusive or neglectful parents, or both, n = 44; (b) nonmaltreating clinic parents seeking assistance for child behavior problems, n = 24; and (c) nonmaltreating, non-help-seeking community parents, n = 30. Results support the internal consistency, temporal stability, and convergent validity of the PAI. Findings also demonstrate the PAI's potential utility when working with maltreating and help-seeking parents. Results highlight the importance of assessing parental anger toward children and support the use of the PAI in assessment, treatment, and research.