Fixing Transient Iodine on Developed Latent Fingermarks

In the present study, a simple and novel fume–mist technique is described which can be used efficiently to fix the latent fingermarks developed using iodine. It is well known that the residues left over in the fingermarks interact with iodine to give transient brown impressions which disappear in a short time. Also, iodine forms colored complexes with various organic solvents. Based on iodine–fingermark interaction and iodine–solvent complex formation, latent fingermarks were developed on paper surface using iodine fumes which were subsequently fixed by spraying polar and nonpolar solvents. The fingermarks developed with this technique were not only clear but also permanent in nature. The interaction of fingermark residue, iodine, and solvent forming a ternary structure is believed to be a possible reason for the stability of iodine‐developed fingermarks. Ease of method, availability of chemicals, and minimum training make the method adaptable in routine development of forensic fingermarks present on paper surface.     

构建具有中国特色的未成年犯社区矫正制度

目前我国社区矫正试点省市中,基本上没有确立适合未成年犯特点的管理制度,而是与成年犯混同操作,这既不利于提高对未成年犯的矫正质量,又影响了社区矫正工作的效率。因此,针对未成年人犯罪特点,构建具有中国特色的未成年犯社区预防与矫正制度是我们面临的重大课题。本文从构建我国未成年犯社区矫正制度的必要性入手,分析了我国未成年犯适用社区矫正制度过程中存在的问题,进而提出了该制度构建的建议。     

同类型故意与过失犯罪法定刑同一的立法完善--从故意与过失泄露国家秘密罪展开

故意犯罪的社会危害性是重于同类型过失犯罪的.各国刑法多以"处罚故意犯罪为原则,处罚过失犯罪为例外";过失犯罪的种类在立法上大大少于故意犯罪,且其法定刑明显轻于同类型故意犯罪.但我国刑法中的故意与过失泄露国家秘密罪、滥用职权犯罪和玩忽职守犯罪等少数犯罪的法定刑却是相同的,有必要予以区别、修正,以实现罪责刑相适应原则和刑法的统一性.     

美国少年司法严罚刑事政策的形成、实践与未来

建立独立的少年司法制度，在保护主义的理念下处理少年犯罪，曾经是美国的骄傲，也是其他国家效仿的范本。但自20世纪70年代后期开始，严罚刑事政策开始逐步占据美国少年司法刑事政策的主流，呈现出逐步背弃福利型少年司法传统的趋势。这种转变是在少年犯罪恶化与古典犯罪学派复兴的社会背景与理论背景下发生的，也是对少年司法理念的歪曲。少年司法严罚刑事政策的推行激化了少年法院存废的争论，也遭到了激烈的批评和日益深入的反思。