论国际环境犯罪与国家刑事责任的承担

国际环境犯罪正严重威胁着人类的生存环境,国际社会已意识到各国应共同合作,以刑法的手段保护我们的家园。但是,国家在特定情况下能否对特定环境犯罪行为承担国家刑事责任,学界至今未能达成一致意见。鉴此,从理论的角度阐述国际环境犯罪的范围,并对国家承担刑事责任的必要性和法定要件进行界定．将有助于问题的妥善解决。     

Pedagogisation of nation identity through textbook narratives in China: 1902–1948

How to construct a national collective identity in a diversified population becomes a challenge for many nation states. Focusing on the tension between diversity, citizenship and national identity, this article adopts the lens of the pedagogical state to analyse national identity construction in Chinese political education textbooks published between 1902 and 1948. The purpose of this research was to explore the pedagogical mechanisms with which the textbook narratives accommodate the tensions of diversity in a culturally heterogeneous population and transmit a newly invented national identity (‘the Chinese nation’, Zhonghua minzu) to the masses. Two general rationales of persuasion are identified in the textbooks: narrative of origin and narrative of promise. Framing the analysis in China's citizenship project by the state, this study argues that the textbooks lead the general public into a citizenship identity contract on the grounds of the two rationales.     

T.H. Marshall and his critics: reappraising ‘social citizenship’ in the twenty-first century

T.H. Marshall's concept of ‘social citizenship’, developed in the 1949 lecture ‘Citizenship and Social Policy’, remains a vital study of welfare in developed nations. However, Marshall's social citizenship has come under attack as undermining civil liberties, or falling short of offering real equality to marginalised groups. This article returns to Marshall's lecture to show that he was in fact aware of such problems, but nonetheless held the provision of social rights to be a valuable normative project. Furthermore, this article argues that a new social citizenship, incorporating collective rights claims, could present a strong challenge to neoliberalism in contemporary welfare debates.     

Understanding State Rulemaking Processes: Developing Fracking Rules in Colorado,New York,and Ohio

Rulemaking is an integral component of environmental policy at both the federal and state level; however, rulemaking at the state level is understudied. With this research, we begin to fill that gap by focusing on rulemaking regarding the issue of hydraulic fracturing (fracking) in three states: Colorado, New York, and Ohio. This policy issue is well suited to begin exploring state‐level rulemaking processes because the federal government has left fracking regulation to the states. Through semistructured interviews with a range of actors in the rulemaking process across these states, we establish a foundation from which future research in this area may build. This exploratory research yields some valuable insights into the roles different stakeholders are playing in regulating fracking in these three states, and our findings may be useful for explaining state‐level rulemaking more generally.     

Tax Challenges in the Global Economy

Globalization has increased significantly over the past two decades, provoking different political reactions. Increasing trade and financial openness as well as intense global economic competition have forced governments to intervene in order to deal with its different negative consequences such as budget deficits or growing unemployment. Over the last two decades, almost all OECD （Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development） countries have undertaken structural changes within their tax systems. However, two main problems appear. The first one concerns ＂tax competition＂ understood as improvements made by different countries in the field of investment climate especially in the field of economic freedom. The second one refers to the effective tax revenue resources that help maintain the welfare state properly. In the developed countries, this is certainly easier as richer societies afford to do it through their fiscal systems. The main aim of this paper is to examine the impact of globalization on tax policy--its nature and its transformations. The main conclusions are as follows： Globalization is an incredible opportunity for the private sector to take advantage of free movement of goods, services, capital, and people. At the same time, it is a great challenge for the public sector to maintain sound public finance. The analysis is based on statistical data and qualitative research methods.     

Globalization,state, and innovation: An appraisal of networked industrial policy

One of the most pressing questions in comparative social science is whether, and to what extent, the rapid advance of globalization has negatively affected states’ capacity to initiate successful economic and social policies. This paper puts forward the notion that states continue to be relevant because they have the potential to build and sustain networks of production and learning, which are sorely needed in the current era of globalization when productive arrangements are dominated by decentralized production networks. The paper argues that government efforts aimed at building and sustaining such networks, labeled as “networked industrial policy,” have become predominant. The study features a series of fixed‐effects time series cross‐section (TSCS) regressions linking innovation performance to several networked industrial policies in 17 countries from western and central Europe. The study finds that several of the policies have a robust effect on innovation performance and technology competitiveness, even after controls are included. These findings constitute considerable support for the notion of networked industrial policy. However, the results of the present study must be treated less as a definitive answer to the research question and more as a first step in an ongoing research process.     

试论思想政治工作在石油企业发展中的作用

石油企业思想政治工作在企业改革发展中是不可或缺的。石油企业只有加强思想政治工作,才能确保企业稳定和谐可持续发展。思想政治工作在石油企业发展中具有重要作用:一是确保我国石油战略安全,促进企业科学发展;二是促进企业文化形成,增强企业的凝聚力;三是帮助企业形成核心价值观,提升企业核心竞争力。     

浅谈如何做好企业职称评审工作——以胜利钻井工程技术公司为例

职称评聘作为人才工作的重要组成部分,在人才资源开发预测与规划、培养与使用、配置与管理等方面有着非常重要的作用。以胜利钻井工程技术公司为例,要形成科学、规范、有效的职称评定机制,就要树立职称服务理念、创新评审推荐工作的机制、发挥职称评审工作的激励导向。只有把职称工作放到企业发展和人才工作大局中去谋划,充分发挥职称吸引人才和凝聚人才的导向作用,才能不断提高职称评审工作质量和工作效率。     

国企为何需要行政化的治理——一种被忽略的效率性解释

在中国,国企的行政化治理是一种必然现实,是国家作为企业股东以及国企作为公共企业的本质使然。行政化治理虽然一直被视为有碍国企商业化,但亦有其"效率性"的一面,它有助于国企得到更多商业资源和商业利益。而且,国企的行政化治理是一种世界现象,差别只在于其目标以及内容、手段和方式的不同。由此,国企面对的关键问题,就不是如何脱离行政化治理的问题,而是如何改进行政化的治理、进行何种行政化治理的问题,即如何跳出原有产权调控模式,从利润导向走向公共导向,提升治理的透明度,让国企为国家发展、为一般社会公众谋取福利。中国一直追求将国企打造成独立的商事主体,追求国企营利目标的实现,这显然背离了作为公共企业的国企本质。应当撩开国企的商事面罩,重新回到公共企业以及公共企业法的改革道路上——以特别企业法而非商事公司法的方式调整国企的设立、运营和监管。     

国家权威碎裂化:成因、影响及对策分析

近年来 ,国际上有些学者提出了对中国国家权威结构的新的分析范式 ,其核心论点是 ,随着改革的深入 ,中国的国家权威正经历着一场碎裂化的过程。国家权威碎裂化在现实的政治行政过程中有种种表现 ,较集中地表现为公共政策的“非公共化” ,行政过程中执法者个人对自我利益的追逐 ,行政自由裁量权的滥用 ,以及非正式规则的盛行等方面。克服国家权威碎裂化是一个必须面对的严峻课题 ,制度整合、政策整合、权力整合 ,职能整合 ,以及利益整合对于有效防止国家权威的碎裂化极为关键。