Dealing with Wayward Desire

The exercise of synchronic self-control is the way in which an actor can attempt to bring a desire into alignment with his better judgement at the moment and during the interval of time over which, but for the exercise of such self-control, the desire would become the actor’s preponderant desire, which the actor would then translate into an act contrary to his better judgment. The moral psychology of an actor who fails to achieve such self-control can be analyzed in two ways. One way is meant to be consistent with compatibilist metaphysics; the other with libertarian metaphysics. The implications of these analyses for the criminal law are complicated, but perhaps the most important is this: the criminal law should in principle recognize a partial excuse for an actor who exercises synchronic self-control but who gives up his effort because he believes that he can no longer continue to resist. His effort to achieve self-control thus fails, and he ends up translating into action the very desire he set out to control.

反思国际法效力根据"协调意志"的意识形态性

国际法的效力根据在于所谓各国意志之间的协议,即"协调意志"说.但是,"协调意志"说的意识形态性与现代国际法理论及发展趋势存在冲突,与国际社会和国际法的发展存在不和谐之处,"协调意志"说的意识形态性在一定程度上使国际法发展的推动力受到削弱,损害了国际法作为一个学科体系的生命力.因此,我们应以开放的态度对待国际法,不应局限在某一狭隘的、群体的范围内,使其更有利于国际社会和全人类的发展.     

论单位犯罪过失的特殊性

单位犯罪过失的特殊性体现在单位意志的认定、单位应当预见的内容、单位预见可能性判断标准和单位监督过失等方面。单位意志的认定可以从决策机构、决策程序和利益归属三方面进行考量。基于单位特殊的认识能力和意志能力,单位应当预见刑法规定的具体危害结果,对预见可能性的判断标准也应采用“客观说”。单位监督过失不仅存在于单位未恰当履行对成员的选任监督义务的场合,也存在于单位怠于确立合理的管理体制、规章制度的场合。     

浅析劳动合同的附合性

本文主要讨论劳动合同的附合性 ,产生根源 ,并论证其存在的合理性及弊端 ,从而探索劳动合同的深层次本质 ,并就我国的实际情况提出了自己的解决办法。     

Perception of corruption by traffic police and taxi drivers in Bukavu DR Congo: the limits of moral analysis

ABSTRACT

This study explores how traffic police, taxi drivers and anticorruption agencies each perceive corruption in Bukavu in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Thirteen traffic police officers were interviewed, three focus groups of four to five taxi drivers were conducted, and two members of anti-corruption agencies were interviewed. Findings suggest that while western NGOs and anti-corruption agencies consider corruption immoral and a major barrier to development, both the traffic police and taxi drivers perceive it as a normal expression of solidarity and a sine qua non condition for survival. For them, corruption is a system that provides job security, greater access to food, accommodation, healthcare and education in the dysfunctional and failed Congolese State. This suggests that framing corruption in the transport sector of Bukavu solely as a moral issue and seeking to eliminate it without establishing a new system that effectively meets the needs of the population may result in more serious social problems than the corruption itself.     

In search of international criminal justice in Africa: What role for the United Nations?

The International Criminal Court (ICC) ran into considerable controversy almost immediately after its creation. More than 10 years later, the tension between the court and the AU is palpable. The court’s perceived political prosecutions as well as procedural flaws in light of the power bestowed on the UN Security Council under Article 13(b) of the Rome Statute are some of the areas of contention. However, despite the obvious flaws of the ICC, there is also widespread scepticism that the AU can be trusted to mobilise sufficient political will to deliver justice on the continent, more so in cases where the perpetrators are sitting heads of state or government. In lieu of cooperation with the ICC and the UN, can the AU deliver justice to victims of gross human rights abuses? Are extraordinary African Chambers such as the one created in Senegal to try the former Chadian dictator Hissene Habre an alternative to the ICC? This article argues that it is only through a partnership of convenience between the AU and the UN that victims of human rights abuses on the continent can access justice. Furthermore, the article opines that calls for African states to withdraw from the ICC en mass must be vigorously opposed.     

生存·本能·阿Q精神

阿Q是世界文学之林一个不朽的文学典型。从他诞生以来,不同国度、不同层次、不同时代的人们从未停止对他的争论。从他的精神胜利法、恋爱悲剧、革命三方面来分析他的生存困境,可看出“阿Q精神”是人类社会的一种带有普遍性的心理现象。再读《阿Q正传》时,我们面临的应该是灵魂的拷问。     

文学伦理学批评视野中的“文学观”追问

作为一种新批评样式而出现的文学伦理学批评,其理论建构必须围绕文学的本质、功能与价值而展开,这是文学批评学科建设自身逻辑展开的要求。伦理学批评的出现与后续发展既要考虑社会生活中伦理道德的现状,也要指明它们应该发展的方向,这也从另一个侧面回应了“文学既来源于生活又必须高于生活”的科学论断,而对于伦理道德状况的认识也最终将服务于我们自身生活的和谐追求。     

论罪过形式的“知欲构造”——兼论酒后驾车连续撞人事件的罪过定性

＂知＂和＂欲＂可以被分别用来对应罪过理论中的＂认识因素＂和＂意志因素＂。＂知＂和＂欲＂结合在一起所形成的＂知欲构造＂可以用来对罪过形式重新进行分类,而疏忽大意的过失将不属于罪过形式的一种。用＂知欲构造＂对罪过形式所作出的重新分类将有助于在刑法立法上适度紧缩犯罪圈和刑法司法上实现刑法的基本价值。     

关于解决我国内地与香港、澳门区际合同法律冲突问题的思考

1997年香港回归和1999年澳门回归后三地的经济往来愈加频繁,由此引起的我国内地与香港、澳门区际合同法律冲突问题也越来越频繁地出现在我们面前,解决这一问题业已成为我国立法的重要任务。当事人意思自治和最密切联系是合同冲突法的重要原则,是解决合同法律冲突问题的重要手段,我国在解决区际合同法律冲突问题时也应当充分利用这两项原则。