低碳经济时代吉林省县域经济生态旅游发展研究

在发展低碳经济的时代背景下,生态旅游作为吉林省县域经济中的优势产业,其发展机遇应运而生。在明确吉林省县(市)四类主体功能区的基础上,吉林省县域生态旅游的发展应充分考虑生态资源、环境承载力,按照主体功能区发展要求采取相应的开发或保护策略,保护好吉林省县(市)生态旅游资源的"健康",实现吉林省县域经济生态旅游的可持续发展。     

科学发展观与中共党史研究

以人为本、全面协调可持续的发展观,是我们全面建设小康社会的行动指南,是我们进行中共党史研究的科学理论基础。研究中共党史要贯彻科学发展观,从以人为本,全面、协调、可持续发展的角度来研究党史,促进党史研究的深化与发展。     

论我国消费的可持续发展

当前我国消费领域存在诸多不合理、不科学的消费行为,这对社会发展造成了极大的危害。促进消费的可持续发展从消费的角度凸显了追求人与自然、人与人及人自身的和谐,走消费可持续发展之路是构建和谐社会的必然要求。落实可持续消费观,构建和谐社会,抵制消费主义的侵蚀,需要采用多种手段促进公平消费,同时给予积极的消费引导,弘扬可持续消费文化,并从法律和政策上规范人们的消费方式和消费行为,真正落实可持续消费观。     

低碳社会的伦理挑战及亟需价值观变革

低碳社会是一种通过创建低碳生活,发展低碳经济,培养可持续发展、绿色环保、文明的低碳文化理念,形成具有低碳消费意识的＂橄榄形＂公平社会。它与科学发展观的精神实质相同,它的构建会遇到一系列艰难的挑战,它的构建亟需倡导价值观变革。     

Backloading to extinction: Coping with values conflict in the administration of Australia's federal biodiversity offset policy

Policy-makers are frequently required to consider and manage conflicting public values. An example of this in the environmental domain is biodiversity offset policy, which governments worldwide have adopted as a mechanism to balance environmental protection with socio-economic development. However, little work has examined administrative practices underpinning biodiversity offset policy implementation, and how the adoption of coping strategies to manage value conflicts may influence resulting policy outcomes. This study fills this research gap using a case study of Australia's federal biodiversity offset policy under the Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation (EPBC) Act 1999. Using data from 13 interviews of federal policy administrators, I show that the introduction of a new policy in 2012 enabled a shift from the use of precedent to a technical approach for setting offset requirements under the EPBC Act. Yet, multiple sources of policy ambiguity remain, and administrators have adopted post-approval condition-setting, or ‘backloading’—a form of cycling, facilitated by structural separation—to defer detailed assessments of offset requirements until after biodiversity losses are approved. Backloading thus undermines the effectiveness of environmental policy and will persist as coping strategy unless policy ambiguity is reduced via legislative amendments and adequate resourcing of biodiversity conservation.

Points for practitioners

• Biodiversity offset policy requires administrators to manage conflicting environmental and socioeconomic values.
• Technical decision tools reduce reliance on case-by-case decision-making, but multiple ambiguities persist.
• Backloading (post-approval condition-setting) defers values conflict, but reduces transparency, accountability, and policy effectiveness.
• Policy ambiguity must be reduced at the political level to facilitate effective biodiversity conservation.