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71.
Laurence?D.?MeeEmail author 《International Environmental Agreements: Politics, Law and Economics》2005,5(3):227-263
This study examines the role of the UN’s programmes for environment and development (UNEP and UNDP) in the genesis and implementation
of multilateral environmental agreements (MEAs). This is set in the wider context of the changing dominant focus of the international
agenda, from ‘environment’ at the Stockholm Conference in 1972, to ‘environment and development’ at Rio in 1992, and ‚sustainable
development’ in Johannesburg in 2002. UNDP is a development organisation strongly rooted in its country office network. Its
role is becoming increasingly normative however, particularly since 2002 when UNDP opted to root most of its activities on
the Millennium Development Goals. UNEP, as an environmental organisation has been successful at catalysing MEAs at the global
and regional level; but without a significant increase in its budget over 30 years, its capacity has been spread very thinly.
Many of the institutional arrangements for MEAs have effectively become independent of UNEP resulting in a very loosely and
sometimes poorly coordinated network. Two case studies are used to illustrate the current institutional arrangements: UNEP’s
Regional Seas Conventions and Protocols, and the Convention for Biological Diversity. These illustrate the fragmentation of
current institutions, the need for strengthened technical and scientific support, the importance of addressing problems at
their root causes and the need to increase the devolution of global governance to the regional level. Satisfying the identified
needs requires actions within the remit of both UNEP and UNDP. It is argued that current institutional arrangements have not
kept pace with the requirements of evolving policy. As part of a reform process, one option may be to merge the two programmes
into a single structure that conserves and strengthens vital technical functions but enables a balanced and integrated approach
to sustainable development. 相似文献
72.
朱庆宾 《辽宁公安司法管理干部学院学报》2012,(3):99-100
基于我国公安院校由学历教育向警察职业教育培训转型(学制两年)这一特殊层次的训练需要,新警的培训要求我们必须寻求一种"短、平、快"的训练方法。如何有效利用有限的课时有针对性地引导学员进行应用能力训练,突出职业能力的培训是警务实战训练一体化着重解决的问题。为实现警务实战训练一体化教学改革的可持续发展,文中在总结改革初期取得的宝贵经验的基础上,科学理性的分析制约改革发展进程的诸多不利因素,并研究制定解决问题的具体方法,使教学改革能够向纵深推进。 相似文献
73.
"欧盟2020战略"是继里斯本战略之后,指导欧盟下一个十年经济发展的全新规划。该文对"欧盟2020战略"重点内容进行了解读,通过分析当前中国可持续发展的情况,结合中国"十二五"规划的内容,阐释了"欧盟2020战略"对中国可持续发展的启示。 相似文献
74.
资源型城市因资源消耗过度、环境污染、就业困难等问题,城市发展受到严重威胁。该文以推进资源型城市的园区循环化改造为重要突破口,针对资源型城市当前发展面临的主要问题,提出资源型城市园区循环化改造的主要任务,以实现资源型城市可持续发展。 相似文献
75.
This paper describes the results of using 3D visualization (3DV) in sustainable tourism planning (STP) during the Comcot project in Estonia. Organizers were interviewed on the characteristics of 3DV for STP and on how participants were involved in discourse using 3DV. The study describes experiences from the Setu, Maidla, and Võrtsjärv lake regions of Estonia. The content analysis of the interviews suggested that the precise selection of visualization objects, detalization levels, and user interface characteristics may significantly influence the quality of STP sessions and help to optimize time, financial, and human resources allocated for a project. The coherent design of the 3DV tool and the neutral moderator positively affect the level of participant involvement in STP and support a trusted platform for community decision making. 相似文献
76.
生态系统有价和有偿使用已成共识。通过对生态系统服务价值研究方法和主要几类生态系统的服务价值研究结果进行梳理,发现生态系统服务价值相关评估方法的科学性、数据选取的可信度和研究结果的准确性以及研究结果应用的可行性等几个方面面临一些现实问题,影响到评估结果的采纳和应用。随着可持续发展战略的深入实施,迫切需要对生态系统服务价值评估方法和现实问题进行深入探讨,重新定位生态系统的价值和价格。 相似文献
77.
Trade and Industrial Policy as Levers for Sustainable Energy Technology Adoption? Experiences from Urban Latin America 下载免费PDF全文
Alexandra Mallett 《政策研究评论》2016,33(4):348-375
Debates abound regarding the link between trade and industrial policy and the adoption of sustainable energy technologies in developing countries. Some purport that open trade regimes support technology diffusion, while others indicate that more interventionist regimes are more conducive. This paper uses empirical evidence from Mexico City and São Paulo to argue that sustainable energy technology uptake can be more prevalent in settings with partially open trade policy regimes. These regimes have afforded countries more opportunities to develop local capabilities, which, in turn, has had knock‐on effects on sustainable energy technology uptake. Specifically, having more local technology sources (equipment, expertise) brought quicker access to these technologies, created more perceptions of technology “ownership,” fostered more effective mobilization, and helped create well‐established standards, which in turn contributed positively to sustainable energy technology uptake, while taxes and tariffs were less influential. 相似文献
78.
Beatrice Maphosa 《International Journal of African Renaissance Studies - Multi-, Inter- and Transdisciplinarity》2016,11(1):45-63
The article documents the findings of a qualitative study that assessed the sustainability of providing resources for poverty alleviation. It argues that access to resources does not assure livelihood security. The study also argues that the ability to sustain resources, rather than merely facilitating access, assures poverty alleviation and livelihood security. Using a qualitative research method and the sustainable livelihoods approach, the article assesses the activities and performance of a small group of women in a government-sponsored agricultural project. The findings reveal that exited projects struggle to sustain themselves and that assetting alone – without skills, capacity, sense of ownership and a clear focus – does not yield the sustainability necessary for poverty alleviation. The conclusion is made that although resources are a necessary first step towards poverty alleviation, sustainable resource management should be highly valued in the process. The article recommends that agriculture-based development projects not be seen as the only option for the rural poor, as knowledge of farming is indeed crucial. 相似文献
79.
80.
北京市海淀区人民检察院附条件逮捕程序运行现状 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
海淀区人民检察院作为北京市率先试行附条件逮捕程序的检察机关.在实践中印证了附条件逮捕程序有利打击犯罪、保障刑事诉讼顺利进行的制度优越性的同时,也发现该程序存在适用范围界定不明确、侦查机关重视不足、不利于保障犯罪嫌疑人合法权益等问题,亟需采取相应举措予以完善. 相似文献