加大改革力度 缓解水资源危机—关于缓解吉林省水资源短缺状况的几点建议

2000年,吉林省遭受了有气象记录以来的罕见旱灾,致使城乡经济蒙受巨大损失。从根本上改变这一状况,政府责无旁贷。在市场经济条件下,政府应在管水用水治水方面加大改革力度,实现水资源的合理配置。国内外实践表明,对城乡防洪、排涝、蓄水、用水、节水、污水处理及回用等涉水事宜进行统一管理,是符合经济社会发展要求的,也有益于经济社会的可持续发展。     

西部地区的经济增长与结构调整问题

1978年后,西部在我国经济高增长进程中相对落后,属于低增长梯度地区,相对于东、中部仍处于工业化的较低发展阶段.随着区域差距的动态扩大,在我国21世纪的经济增长与发展进程中,西部增长滞后已成为国民经济中的一个区域性制约因素,在很大程度上抑制了我国人均GDP的持续增长.因此,实施区域均衡发展战略,加快增长率梯度推进,激活西部的增长潜力,使之成为支持我国经济持续增长的后发区域,这已成为西部大开发的逻辑起点.     

民族地区可持续发展的新观念

民族地区可持续发展是一个综合系统 ,需要把它置于更广阔的知识空间来考察 ,建立起坚实的知识支撑系统 ,才能获得持续久远的良性发展。民族地区面临的困境和遇到的障碍与隐患 ,需要从知识层面上阐释其地区可持续发展的新观念     

居民消费对我国经济增长的影响研究——基于产业的分析

经济增长表现为三次产业的增长,居民消费对经济增长的影响主要表现在三次产业上.借助马克思"生产力-生产方式-生产关系"分析范式分析产业演进和消费的关系,可以得出这样的结论:在一定的生产力条件下,消费引导产业发展和产业结构变化,从而决定经济增长.     

推进宁夏中部干旱带和南部山区设施农业发展的对策建议

设施农业建设是实现宁夏中部干旱带和南部山区可持续发展的必由之路。发展设施农业必须以政府为主导,科技为支撑,教育为基础,市场为中心。     

Determinants and Evaluation of Local Energy‐Efficiency Initiatives from the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act

This article examines variation in local‐level energy‐efficiency grants and corresponding initiatives from the American Reinvestment and Recovery Act (ARRA) in the United States. The analysis is based upon a hurdle model of counts of energy‐efficiency grants received by 348 local governments that received these grants from 2009 to 2013, as well as 348 matched local governments that did not receive such funds. City‐level characteristics including amount of federal financial support, per capita income, signaling of preferences for sustainability policies, manufacturing, and political influences are shown to be empirically important determinants of variation in local energy‐efficiency initiatives. The evidence suggests that all else held equal, the $21.8 billion in ARRA funds expended with the intent of increasing local energy‐efficiency programs and policies successfully led to this end.     

Metropolitan challenges and reform pressures across Europe – the perspectives of city mayors

Metropolitan governance arrangements and their policy purposes have been a matter of debate among researchers and practitioners around the globe. While we may trace three broad schools of metropolitan governance – reform school, public choice theory and new regionalism – with each still having its proponents, we are interested to learn whether there are assumptions on metropolitan governance that have today become general knowledge among urban political elites. By investigating the attitudes and perceptions of city mayors across Europe, we show that functional multipurpose governance bodies are indeed more generally associated with equitable service distribution, whereas the preconditions for cost-efficiency and sustainable development are more equivocally placed at different modes of governance. Moreover, we show that a perceived general lack of problem-solving capacities does not automatically translate into pressures for metropolitan reform, but it is only in combination with a general disaffection with the governance structures currently in place.     

Counterinsurgency for wind energy: the Bíi Hioxo wind park in Juchitán,Mexico

Sustainable development and climate change mitigation policies, Dunlap and Fairhead argue, have instigated and renewed old conflicts over land and natural resources, deploying military techniques of counterinsurgency to achieve land control. Wind energy development, a popular tool of climate change mitigation policies, has consequently generated conflict in the Isthmus of Tehuantepec (Istmo) region in Oaxaca, Mexico. Research is based on participant observation and 20 recorded interviews investigating the Fuerza y Energía Bíi Hioxo Wind Farm on the outskirts of Juchitán de Zaragoza. This paper details the repressive techniques employed by state, private and informal authorities against popular opposition to the construction of the Bíi Hioxo wind park on communal land. Providing background on Juchitán, social property and counterinsurgency in Southern Mexico, this paper analyzes the development of the Bíi Hioxo wind park. It further explores the emergence of ‘hard’ and ‘soft’ counterinsurgency techniques used to pacify resistance against the wind park, enabling its completion next to the Lagoon Superior in October 2014. Discussing the ‘greening of counterinsurgency’, this contribution concludes that the Bíi Hioxo wind park has spawned social divisions and violent conflict, and intervened in the sensitive cultural fabric of Istmeño life.     

Financing the UN development system and the future of multilateralism

This article seeks to accomplish four tasks. It explores the historical relationship between the financing instruments that dominated different phases of the evolution of the UN development system and the understanding of the concept of multilateralism. Bearing in mind this historical context, it seeks to analyse the defining characteristics of multilateral finance in the context of the UN, in particular the characteristics that make a financial instrument more or less multilateral. It then explores a number of new financial instruments and their possible impact on the future shape multilateralism takes in the UN system. The article concludes with some thoughts on financing for a new multilateralism. In order to go beyond the core/non-core stalemate, it is necessary to develop a new variable geometry based on function, which brings into play assessed, negotiated pledges, voluntary core and non-core instruments.     

Economic transformations in Cuba: a review

After Raul Castro’s accession to the presidency of Cuba, the country has witnessed the most far-reaching process of economic reforms for more than five decades. The government has expanded the private and cooperative sectors, has passed a new foreign investment law, restructured most of its old debt and has sought to end the long-standing dispute with the USA. Yet economic performance has been poor and the country faces significant challenges and contradictions arising from the reforms. This paper analyses the macroeconomic environment and the changes introduced by the Cuban government over the period 2007–15. While successful at restoring macroeconomic equilibria, restrictive macroeconomic policies have hurt economic growth, whereas growth- and efficiency-enhancing measures are yet to produce results. Moreover, transformation of the economic model is slow because of its many internal contradictions. The paper also discusses some of the main impediments to future change.