马来西亚电子产业技术进步模式的分析及启示

本文以马来西亚电子产业为研究对象,回顾了马来西亚电子产业的发展过程,着重探讨跨国公司引导下马来西亚电子产业技术进步的四种模式,并从其国内电子产业结构分布的角度分析技术溢出效果,最后总结了马来西亚电子产业技术进步的特点和对其他后发国家的启示。     

心理测试技术由仪器讯问向仪器测试的自然转变

心理测试技术经历了仪器讯问和仪器测试两个发展轨迹。仪器测试比仪器讯问有更多的优点和可操作性规范,仪器测试是世界各国心理测试技术发展的必然结果和科学归属。心理测试技术在中国近20多年的发展经历了较长时间的仪器讯问时期,这有其存在的实践背景和认识因素,目前中国心理测试技术正实现由仪器讯问向仪器测试的自然转变。中国心理测试技术作为一项刑事技术应该按照仪器测试的特性进行技术规范。     

提高农业科技成果转化率的对策思路

农业科技成果只有转化为现实生产力才能推动农业科技进步,提高农业科技贡献率。提高我国农业科技成果转化率要深化农业科研体制改革;农业企业(户)真正成为技术创新、成果转化的主体;倡导农业企业(户)与科研院所合作;充分发挥农技推广机构的作用。     

试析政府在技术创新和科技成果转化中的作用

科技生产力在现代社会发展中的作用越来越重要,竞争也越来越激烈。世界各国都把发 展科技生产力作为综合国力较量的关键手段。因而,发展科技、实现科技成果向现实生产力的转化成为 现代国家政府首要的基本的职能之一。如何发挥政府在技术创新和科技成果转化中的作用,是实现我国 “科教兴国”战略的重要一环。     

Framing,valuing, and assessing the environment: August Wilhelm Hupel’s perceptions of Baltic nature and settings for human activities

This article addresses early modern Baltic environmental history and historical geography by interpreting the public writings of August Wilhelm Hupel within the theoretical framework of framing, valuing, and assessing nature and the environment. Hupel’s broad series of publications, issued during the heyday of Baltic Enlightenment, not only contributed to the emergence of Baltic geographical studies but also played a pioneering role in placing the knowledge on Estonian and Livonian topography and nature to order. Although Hupel concerned physical geographical aspects in his writings to some extent, his primary interest definitely focused on human relations with and across space and place. The cameralist thoroughness and calculativeness within that geographical field of enquiry brought about an endeavor to catalogue the parts of nature by using their utility or harmfulness as the measure. However, in Hupel’s opinion the then-prevailing civilisation also contained certain responsibilities for and to nature, particularly regarding forests and their sustainable use (‘nachhaltende Nutzung’), which Hupel wished to promote in the Baltic provinces of Russia.     

Political struggles on a frontier of harm reduction drug policy: geographies of constrained policy mobility

This article contributes to the conceptualization of how policy models circulate by analysing the ‘frontier politics’ that occurs when a mobile policy meets resistance and constraint. We argue that advocates of harm reduction drug policy operate within a constrained political–institutional environment, but one that is not closed or predetermined. We make the argument in reference to struggles over harm reduction drug policy in Surrey, BC, a suburban municipality in Greater Vancouver. Thus, even at frontiers, policy change may occur, even if slowly, incrementally, or cautiously. In conclusion, we reconsider questions of constrained mobility, policy assemblages, and frontier politics to reflect on the character of, and possibilities for, policy change.     

Addressing the Affordable Housing Crisis for Vulnerable Renters: Insights From Broward County on an Affordable Housing Acquisition Tool

South Florida is experiencing an affordable rental crisis that is especially burdensome on those most vulnerable in society, low-income households. Rapid urbanization has resulted in inequitable land-use patterns that are a barrier to housing for the poor. As a solution to the crisis, local housing agencies seek to expand their affordable housing stock for vulnerable renters in opportunity-rich neighborhoods, but there is no standard framework for identifying properties for acquisition. Broward County serves as a case study to develop a housing acquisition tool. Using a combination of spatial statistics and principal components analysis, neighborhoods in which housing agencies may consider acquiring property are identified through the creation of an affordability surface in ArcGIS. Affordability is overlain by an opportunity surface derived from neighborhood quality and accessibility rankings. The results identify neighborhoods in Broward County that are both affordable and opportunity-rich, to better serve the county's most vulnerable renters.     

Service evaluation of electronic monitoring (GPS tracking) in a medium secure forensic psychiatry setting

In 2010, following a series of high-profile absconding incidents, electronic monitoring (EM) using Global Positioning System technology for patients on leave was trialled as part of a comprehensive protocol for risk management and recovery. We conducted a preliminary evaluation of effect on leave and leave violation. The total number of leave episodes and leave violations over a four-month period prior to the introduction of EM was compared with the totals in two corresponding follow-up periods in the two years after the introduction. Total episodes of leave increased by almost 60%. There was a significant association between year and type of leave episode, with leave episodes after the introduction of EM more likely to be unescorted. Episodes of leave violation reduced in each of the two follow-up periods after introduction of EM. These findings suggest potential benefits for speed of patient recovery, reduced length of stay, reduced costs and public safety.     

空间非正义的科幻城市表征：从激进技术景观生产到反抗叙事

现代城市空间生产的资本逻辑与政治性,使得空间非正义问题在全球化背景下贯穿城市化的历史与当前,并且将无可避免地向未来延续,也成为城市批判话语的重要视域。而科幻关于未来城市的想象,还通过技术维度凸显此一问题,并与现实城市之间形成互文和张力。科幻电影以技术想象来进行城市景观生产,从而对空间生产中的非正义问题进行激进表征,并通过反抗叙事来展示空间政治斗争的路径。以《大都会》《极乐空间》《雪国列车》等科幻电影为例,它们分别通过纵向对立、漂移隔离、横向浓缩等激进技术景观生产,来直接展示未来空间非正义的科幻城市形态。而这些科幻电影遵循文化消费逻辑的景观生产和反抗叙事,虽然蕴含着不同的话语策略,但都呈现出以二元对立为模式,从而将空间非正义及其反抗简单化的倾向。     

甘青宁新地区石器时代遗存的地理分布及其自然背景

进入新石器时代,甘青宁新地区史前文化分为两大类型,即广泛分布于甘青宁地区的新石器农业文化和散布于宁夏北部、青海大部和新疆地区波细石器工艺为突出特点的采猎文化。