民族志与现代性故事--以罗香凝《另类现代性--后社会主义中国的性别渴望》为例

西方人类学向来关注的是非西方的"非现代性"故事,在20世纪七八十年代以来的人类学学科反思中,西方和非西方不平等的权力关系的知识建构方式受到批评.民族志<另类现代性>在展示某国营丝织厂三代女工如何在所谓现代性的语境中栖居的同时,质疑了关于现代性的人类学所包含的普遍、同质的现代性的预设.该民族志充分表达了对知识建构的自觉和反思,其中女性主义的洞识及其女性主义国际主义的政治议程也为后现代民族志写作实验增加了新的维度,并挑战了西方人类学最顽固的预设西方(男性)自我和非西方(男性)他者的二元对立.     

Imagining modernity: the language and genealogy of modernity in nineteenth-century Arabic

This article employs the methodology of conceptual history to contest two of the most common theoretical approaches dominating our understanding of modernity in the field of Middle Eastern studies. The first approach relies on the assumption of incompatibility between modernity and Islam and captures Arab modernity using concepts such as ‘adoption’. The second understands Arab modernity through concepts such as ‘imitation’, contending that it is a legacy of Western imperialism. This article challenges both theories by examining the genealogy of tamaddun (civilization, being civilized), a pivotal concept used in nineteenth-century Arabic to imagine modernity. The genealogy of tamaddun elucidates that medieval paradigms derived from the concept of madina (polity) were rediscovered, reimagined, and reused in the context of the rise of the nation-state and the challenge of Western imperialism. The article suggests understanding Arab modernity and its critique from within, rather than outside of, the temporality of the historical condition.     

金融公正理念的法学阐释

资本扩张所导致的金融危机与两极分化,将弘扬自由与平等为主旨的金融法拖入了目标和现实相背离的现代性悖论之中。从公正理念的维度,重新审视现代金融法的价值取向与功能定位,对于缓解法的服从性与正当性之间的紧张关系,以及维护法的权威性具有重要意义。推进中国金融法制的现代化进程,须对西方的现代性范式扬善抑恶,以求实现金融自由与社会秩序的良性互动。     

循环经济本质研究的新视角

循环经济是一种技术范式,发展循环经济技术创新是关键,应依靠科技进步,突破发展循环经济的技术瓶颈,尽快完善发展循环经济的技术支撑体系;循环经济是一种生态经济,生态经济就是一种尊重生态原理和经济规律的经济,按照生态规律利用自然资源和环境容量,实现经济活动的生态转向;循环经济是一种产业生态化模式,是产业生态化的过程,表现为一系列的产业形态,要不断推进产业结构的优化、产业集群式发展,实现传统产业集群向生态结构转型。     

艾伦·梅克森斯·伍德对技术决定论的批判

艾伦·梅克森斯·伍德认为马克思不是技术决定论者。她从三个维度批判了技术决定论:从阶级和历史维度,伍德认为技术决定论否定阶级的存在,忽视对具体社会的特殊性分析,主张超历史的和普遍的历史观,认为技术革新是社会变革的主要动力;从资本主义维度,伍德认为资本主义本身是反技术的,技术的发展会加剧自身的特殊矛盾;从社会主义维度,伍德认为社会主义追求的不是技术决定论意义上的阶级消亡和生产主义,而是自然、人与社会之间的和谐,以及生产者的自由联合体。     

Getting Rich Before Getting Old or Vice Versa？

正REGARDING China’s economic and social outlook,there are two contending views in the domestic and overseas academic world.One predicts that China will get affluent before becoming an aging society,and the other holds the opposite opinion.A comprehensive and dynamic analysis is needed before reaching a conclusion.Complex Factors in Economic Growth Total Factor Productivity(TFP)is the most accepted measurement through which to judge total inputs’output productivity,that is,the ratio of total output to total inputs.TFP includes technological progress,organizational innovation,professionalism,etc.An increase of this index refl ects the progress of science and technology.High     

版权保护中的技术措施探析

知识经济时代的版权人为更好地保护自身利益会采用技术措施手段来遏制版权侵权.但技术措施的使用涉及多方面的利益,其影响有正面的,也有负面的,因此要求在技术措施保护的法律制度设计方面体现兼顾各方利益的价值取向.技术措施应有选择地适用;攻击性的技术措施应该被禁止;一些关系到社会公共利益的作品应该禁止使用技术措施.应对制造、销售、进口规避技术措施的装置的行为加以严格的法律规制.     

构建区域创新体系的理论与实践

本文的研究焦点是通过对区域创新体系理论的探索,阐述我省构建区域创新理论体系的必要性,在分析我省区域创新体系构成的基础上,提出构建我省区域创新体系的政策性措施.区域创新体系作为国家创新体系的一部分,其主要由企业、科研机构、大学、中介服务机构、相应的金融机构和政府部门等构成.文章从我省科技资源状况的实际出发,建议通过引导企业成为技术创新主体,发挥体系各构成机构的作用等一系列政策措施,从而依托区域创新体系在我省走出一条新型工业化道路.     

大国战略竞争与美国对华技术政策变迁

世界政治领导国的对外技术政策很大程度上源于应对大国战略竞争的需要。当美国面临直接、迫切的大国战略竞争压力时,更愿意通过放宽技术进口和出口限制来争取合作者、应对竞争者,即"利用强者打败更强者"。自20世纪70年代以来,美国对华技术政策经历了从逐步放松再到加强限制这一过程。苏联的安全竞争压力迫使美国在加强对苏技术出口限制的同时,放宽对华技术出口限制。日本的经济竞争压力促使美国在加强对日技术进口限制的同时,放宽对华技术进口限制。应对直接、迫切的大国战略竞争压力,会促使世界政治的领导国更重视当期利益,同时也为潜在竞争者的成长提供机会。而当苏联和日本对美国构成的大国战略竞争压力逐渐褪去时,美国对华技术政策再度面临调整压力,以致于今为甚,通过发起对华贸易战,打压中国高新技术产业,全面收紧了对华高技术进出口限制。美国的技术竞争将是今后很长时间中国技术进步难以绕过的阻碍。     

The Self-salvation of Capitalist Society——Giddens' Criticism of Historical Materialism and the Third Way

Giddens fully absorbs the Marx's capitalism critical theory of capital criticism as the core by including Marx in historical framework of late modernity. Based on fracture of modernity, Giddens criticizes historical materialism and develops structural theory of understanding of the developed capitalist society. Thereby, Giddens shows the current status of modernity: pluralistic structure and high risk of society dominated by the forces of globalization. According to the principle, Giddens proposes “the third way” as self-salvation of capitalist society: adhere to the ideals of socialism, beyond the traditional opposition of government and market, making full use of the balance between state and market to build a society of positive welfare. Laying aside political label of “the third way”, the exploration of the balance between government and market is of great practical significance for China to promote the balance between government and market, and to manage the challenge of globalization. However, the position of Postmodernism indicates that Giddens criticism of Marx's historical materialism is a failure undoubtedly.