Conceptions Of Liberty Deprivation

This article adopts a theoretical and comparative perspective on the prisoner's legal status in England and Wales. Applying the principles of human rights, legality and proportionality, it argues that the prisoner's legal status must rest on a divisible conception of liberty. Such a conception must distinguish clearly between the liberty lost, and the rights restricted, by the imposition of the custodial sentence as opposed to the administration of prisons (the key distinction). In order for this to be achieved, the conception of the prisoner's legal status must also establish the purpose or purposes of the custodial sanction as distinct from the purpose of prison administration. Through comparison with Germany, the article demonstrates that the common law concept of the prisoner's legal status is unstable. Vacillating between a divisible and indivisible conception of the prisoner's liberty, the English conception of the prisoner's legal status lacks a foundation firm enough to satisfy the principles of human rights, legality and proportionality.     

人性化的监狱管理与刑罚执行监督

刑罚执行是实现刑罚功能的最后程序,对刑罚执行进行监督是检察机关行使法律监督权的重要组成部分,在确保刑罚执行的合法、合理、高效以及维护罪犯的人权和合法权益等方面具有不可忽视的作用.在介绍英国对监狱的日常监管活动如何进行有效监督的基础上,结合我国的实际情况,探讨了在当前的立法框架下如何对刑罚执行监督的主要活动进行经常性的、有成效的监督.     

方式与效果:死刑执行中检察权的重构

现行死刑执行程序存在诸多不足,检察监督没有发挥出应有效用,问题根源在于人民法院承担死刑执行职能的制度性缺陷.需要改变我国刑事裁判执行体制,重构死刑执行中检察权的行使方式与效用,基本思路是构建检察官指挥死刑执行的监督模式.     

论“临刑会见权”及其刑事司法价值

临刑会见权是一项十分人性化的权利,该权利的法定化日益引起相关部门的重视。借鉴国外立法,将其列入正在修改的刑事诉讼法中,在尊重和保障人权,体现司法温暖主义,制约和保障公权力的合法和合理行使以及间接秩序价值的形成等方面具有重要的刑事司法价值。     

狱内侦查工作定位问题探析

狱内侦查工作的科学定位关系到监狱如何科学开展对狱内侦查工作进行模式化的描述,有助于监狱实践工作。狱内侦查的性质、地位、权责、内容、机构等方面的定位,是科学认识狱内侦查工作的重要途径。     

人权保障视野下的行刑权的规制问题

作为公权性质的行刑权与罪犯的人权具有冲突的一面,行刑权与罪犯人权并非绝对对立的关系。保障受刑人的人权仅仅靠人道主义思想是远远不够的,而是应当通过规制行刑权来保障人权。因此,一方面应当整合行刑权的行使主体;另一方面应当将行刑权进行司法审查。     

论行政执法责任制的完善——以长沙市为视角

行政执法责任制是指为规范行政执法活动,明确行政执法主体及其行政执法人员在行政执法活动中的责任和义务,并对不履行或违法履行行政执法责任的行为进行行政追究的法律制度。湖南省在90年代初推行行政执法责任制,长沙市在制度建设及实行方面走在全省前列,也取得了一定成效,但与这项工作开展得较好的兄弟省市相比,还存在着差距。完善行政执法责任制,是转变政府职能、优化经济发展环境的客观要求,也是构建和谐社会的必然要求。应根据“责任政府理论”、“平衡理论”、“行政职责本位论”,完善行政执法责任制。     

各具特色的欧洲监狱

欧洲监狱各具特色。法国监狱宗教教育与人文主义关爱并重 ;英国监狱对罪犯可以体罚 ,对如何体罚法律予以明示 ;德国监狱强调责任感 ,尊重和保护罪犯的尊严 ;瑞典监狱的开放和宽松程度是多数国家所不及的 ;荷兰监狱的惩罚属性已日益淡化。所有这一切 ,体现了不同国家的行刑思想与矫正理念。     

美国监狱签约外包简评

签约外包是美国监狱私有化的主要形式。这一形式在实践过程中出现了影响后续竞争、平衡承包者与政府利益关系困难以及政府部门信息劣势所导致的监督、评价难题等问题。引入绩效为基础的合同和提高管理契约关系的艺术 ,签约方式私有化也许有着乐观的发展前景。     

Humanising Imprisonment: A European project?

This paper focuses on the continued significance of human rights in the movement to develop a more comprehensive European framework to improve prison conditions. It identifies the immediate factors that underlie the movement as the successful implementation of the European Convention for the Prevention of Torture and Inhuman or Degrading Treatment and Punishment; the growing number of judgments of the European Court of Human Rights applying the European Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms to prison matters; the expansion of the number of member states of the Council of Europe; and the increased political interest at European level in penological matters. Attention is also paid to the wider ideological role that a concern for human rights plays in European criminal justice politics. The paper illustrates the reform movement by focussing on recent recommendations of the Council of Europe on various aspects of imprisonment, including the new European Prison Rules. The possible emergence of an international instrument of treaty status that would deal directly with substantive conditions of imprisonment is noted and its potential impact considered. An argument is made for the systemisation of European prison law and for further reform initiatives.