论侦查效益的概念

侦查效益反映的是侦查收益和侦查成本之间复杂的动态关系,而侦查成本是投入侦查的基本资源,有侦查的经济成本和侦查的权力成本之分;侦查收益是侦查的物质性收益和侦查的非物质性收益的统一。     

To What Extent are Cost Savings Passed on to Consumers? An Oligopoly Approach

Competition policy often asks whether a “fair share” of the benefits from cost savings obtained through mergers or agreements is passed on to the consumers. We assess the factorsthat determine cost pass-on in some partial-equilibrium oligopoly models, and show that, although the strength of the pass-on varies from one situation to another, there are some rules of thumb that give a first approximation of the pass-on rate. We also show that, contrary to common belief and to what is written about the subject in the European Commission's guidelines on the application of Article 81(3), in most circumstances cost pass-on does not depend on the price elasticity of demand nor on the market share of the cost saver, and that with competition the pass-on of firm-specific cost savings is weaker than without. JEL Classification: C72 (non-cooperative games), D43 (oligopoly), L40 (antitrust policy)     

侵权之诉还是政府干预——经济法与民法视野中的外部性矫正问题

外部性是造成市场失灵的重要原因。法律制度首先确定权利 ,然后采取提起侵权之诉 (民法方法 )或者政府直接干预 (经济法方法 )来矫正外部性。选择哪种方法 ,由交易费用的大小决定。影响交易费用大小的重要因素是权利和权利主体具有私人性还是社会公共性特征 ,经济法则适用于交易费用过高导致民法失灵的情形。从影响交易费用的因素可以推论 ,经济法以调整对象的社会公共性为本质特征 ,与民法相互配合 ,共同调整现代社会中日趋复杂的经济关系。     

从信息视角看经济法基本功能

信息不充分、不对称及错误是信息失灵主要表现 ,它们对市场效率具有巨大的消极影响 ,因此需要由各种制度对其加以克服 ,在诸多制度中 ,经济法具有独特的优势。经济法通过各种制度安排能够在较大程度上使市场信息充分、对称、准确 ,从而提升市场效率。     

法律制度的需求层次、博弈及路径分析

以制度经济学的基本理论研究法律的制度需求命题。法律的供给与需求构成了法律规范运用于社会的两极 ,是实现法律制度变迁的前提。以制度的成本和收益为坐标系 ,探讨法律制度需求的多层次性、实证的博弈状态、满足路径以及相关原则 ,为法律制度的构建提供完整的现实图景和参照依据     

Shared Services and Cost Reduction Motive in the Public Sector

The intention of this article is to understand whether and how shared service centers can help reduce costs in the public sector context. We identify the sources of cost reduction for shared service centers and discuss the obstacles to making use of them. In order to illustrate and complement the theoretical discussion and the literature review, empirical insights from two Estonian cases are provided. The case studies indicate that when the context is enabling, shared service centers can help reduce back-office headcount. However, the total costs and benefits of the public-sector shared service centers are not calculated and remain unknown.     

异质性技能、岗位匹配与就业动态

In this article, we consider a new Keynesian dynamic stochastic general equilibrium model with heterogeneous skills and investigate employment dynamics in China's labor market. The Bayesian impulse response functions of technology shock shows that employment and the new hiring of high skill labor would increase when this shock hits the economy, but meanwhile, employment and the new hiring of high skill labor will decrease. The Bayesian impulse response functions of technology shock predicts that employment increase along with the positive monetary policy shock, but the increase of employment can attribute much more to the low skill labor. The Bayesian impulse response functions show that employment of different skills respond differently to the same exogenous shock, meaning that the model with heterogeneous skills may be more reasonable. Then, the result of Bayesian shocks decomposition argues that the employment of low skill labor shows much more volatile than the high skill labor.     

个人解雇保护立法实践的国际比较：回应与建设

在个人解雇保护制度的基本要素中,我国在解雇理由、解雇费、不公平解雇赔偿金、不公平解雇主张的时效和复职程度等五个方面的立法规制强度高于国际平均水平;在解雇通知期、解雇程序、通知期开始前的延迟时间三个方面的立法规制强度低于国际平均水平。但综合来看,我国解雇理由虚严实宽,在解雇灵活性和解雇成本方面呈现出复杂扭曲的特点,尤其是定期劳动合同的解雇保护制度大幅降低了我国解雇保护的水平。借鉴国际立法例,根据我国的国情,可以在劳资双方都可接受的限度内,循降低解雇行为灵活性、改变解雇经济成本结构的思路提高解雇保护严格度,并做若干具体制度之改进。     

“一证式”排污许可证实施的法经济学分析

当前我国实施"一证式"的综合性排污许可证制度改革虽然有效地提高了行政管理效率,但在具体实施中出现了"一刀切"执行问题,影响了环境污染排放治理绩效,乃至危及民生。深入分析管制者的成本效益逻辑、管制者和被管制者之间的博弈、以及排污许可政策的公共选择,可以发现一刀切实施的经济动因。要根除一刀切模式,同时改进排污许可证实施效率,应从命令控制型手段主导渐次过渡到可交易的排污许可证,从政府集中管制主导渐次过渡到国家治理主导,从环境政策主导渐次过渡到环境法治主导。     

浅谈新制度下学校的财务管理工作

高校新财务制度对高校财务管理工作提出了新的要求，理清新制度下学校财务管理工作思路与方法，目的在于加强学校财务管理，提高资金使用效益和办学效益。