股权优先购买权研究：交易成本视角

结合民法的基本理论和现实的股权交易实际存在的问题,从法经济学尤其是交易成本的角度,对现行《公司法》的有关立法规定进行检讨,股权优先购买权现行立法中存在制度缺陷和操作难度,从便利股权流转和保护交易、降低交易成本的目的出发,应完善现行的股权优先购买权制度。     

浅议流通费用与交易费用的关系

马克思提出了以流通费用为核心的流通费用理论,而科斯提出了以交易费用为核心的交易费用理论。这两种理论的产生虽然都与流通领域有关,但它们之间却存在着不同。一方面,由于各自立足点的不同,这两种费用的内容存在着不同;另一方面,由于这两种费用的性质不同,它们对经济主体的经济效益有着不同的影响。     

交易费用理论的发展——兼评威廉姆森《资本主义经济制度》

交易费用的思想源于科斯,经过威廉姆森在《资本主义经济制度》中构筑了较为完整的交易费用理论体系。但是,通过对交易费用理论的重新梳理,我们不难发现其存在的逻辑悖论,对这一问题更深地研究将有利于增强其对现实社会中经济组织和经济现象的解释力。     

The Impact of Postal Voting on Participation: Evidence for Switzerland

Many countries are forging ahead with convenient balloting methods, in particular electronic and postal voting, in order to re‐engage voters. In this paper, we test whether the cost reductions through postal voting increase turnout. The empirical analysis is based on a newly collected data set on the introduction of postal voting in Swiss cantons. We take advantage of the unique fact that voting by mail was introduced at different times across cantons. This allows identifying the impact of postal voting on turnout, independent of time, issue and canton‐specific effects. The estimated average effect on turnout is roughly 4.1 percentage points for an average turnout of 43 percent between 1970 and 2005.     

SQL server 2000事务日志文件深入剖析

在对大型数据库进行管理和维护操作时,经常会遇到操作速度缓慢、磁盘空间不足以及数据恢复等问题,这些问题的关键常常和事务日志有关。正确维护和处理好事务日志可确保数据库系统安全及高效运转。     

The ethical implications of prospective payment and corporate medical practice: A research agenda

The major trends in the growth of prospective payment and the corporatization of medical practice in the United States are examined. In particular, the ethical implications of these changes in the context of the multiple system goals of access, cost containment, and quality are considered. Considerable concern is being expressed that with the dominant emphasis on cost containment, the principles of access and quality might be compromised. This paper formulates a research agenda to address this question, based on a review and synthesis of empirical evidence and hypotheses about the probable or actual impact of these changes on the multiple health system goals. A basic premise is that ethical judgments should be grounded in empirical evidence about what actually is or will be.     

The failure of market failure

The concept of market failure was originally presented by economists as a normative explanation of why the need for government expenditures might arise. Gradually, the concept has taken on the form of a full‐scale diagnostic tool frequently employed by policy analysts to determine the exact scope and nature of government intervention. For some time, economists have known that the market failure idea is conceptually flawed. The authors of this article demonstrate why this is so, employing concepts drawn from the perspective of transaction costs. In a review of empirical studies, they further show how the market failure diagnostic leads analysts to make generalizations that are not supported by facts. Transaction cost analysis helps to explain the underlying processes involved. © 1999 by the Association for Public Policy Analysis and Management.     

发展公私伙伴关系对中国政府管理的挑战及对策研究

公私伙伴关系是政府提供公共服务的重要方式。本文根据合作博弈与交易成本理论建立公私伙伴关系的分析框架,从提高政府讨价还价能力、减少公共部门和私人部门双方交易成本的角度,分析了发展公私伙伴关系在政府能力、制度建设、政府诚信、监管能力、危机管理和廉政建设方面给政府管理带来的挑战,并提出相应对策。     

双重股权架构的域外经验与中国应对

双重股权架构在美国已经有数十年的实践历史,近年来,亚洲各个冀望迅速推动本地高新企业成长的法域纷纷改变其既往立场,吸纳同股不同权公司上市。2018年,中国香港和新加坡率先在本地区实现了这种规则转变,而中国新设立的科创板也已经允许上市公司采用双重股权架构。中国引进双重股权结构应当谨慎行事,如需引进可以以中国香港规则作为基础...     

The welfare cost of terrorism

Data from 117 countries over the period 2006 to 2011 are used to estimate a macroeconomic cross-country system of equations that examines the association between terrorism, self-reported life satisfaction, and national income. Results indicate that terrorism is negatively associated with life satisfaction, whereas no such association is found between terrorism and real GDP per worker. Stark contrasts are found, however, between OECD and non-OECD members. In all, our results suggest that the social costs of terrorism are potentially much higher than the economic costs, and measuring only the conventional economic costs of terrorism significantly underestimates the true costs.