Biomarket for transforming agriculture to drive Asian economic boom

Asian countries have historically faced challenges of higher population growth and a traditional economy largely based on primary production. Even with good potential for agriculture in terms of available area, basic infrastructure and social skills, plant diseases, poor yielding crop varieties, irregular rainfall and other environmental factors keep the produce much lower. The paper suggests the concept of biomarket as a combination of biotechnology and economy. Notwithstanding public apprehensions, biotechnology promises environment and infection resistant crop varieties, higher yield, improved taste, texture and nutrition of foods, independence from fertilizers and pesticides. However, there is time lag between the research and implementation not to mention the increasing costs involved. A biomarket then would start with a consortium of scientists from member countries pooling research tracks and knowledge of otherwise locally available/developed biotechnologies and making them easily available to all members. Exim policies, IPRs and transparent works would have to be modeled to the opening and sharing of research and its use in the fields and homes. Technology transfer, industry-academic partnership, identification and marketing of bioproducts, international centres, and utilization of indigenous technologies in modern way would streamline the operation of biomarket across Asia. Biomarket will be more evolved than the conventional markets by including knowledge based economy. Social awareness of various biotechnologies and demonstration of success in implementing them locally would engage people＇s life styles. This will ensure wider sociological impact with a purpose of economic progress. Biomarket will finally aim for Asia to emerge as a world power bloc.     

中国城乡经济失衡的成因及调整——基于县域经济分析

我国经济失衡表现为内外资结构不平衡、内外需求结构不平衡和城乡经济不平衡。我国经济失衡根源于由外资推动的以城市为中心经济发展模式。以城市为中心的发展模式推动经济的过快发展,并积累大量的社会经济问题。县域经济是我国城乡经济联系的纽带,在国际产业转移的背景下,发展县域经济既能调整我国内外资结构,也能启动内需,进而缩小城乡差距。发展县域经济必须要通过金融创新来动员和配置资源,并且要走新型工业化道路。     

我国农地承包经营权流转体系研究

2009年2月“中央一号文件”提出健全农地承包经营权流转市场,这使稳定农地承包关系,发展规模化经营,成为一个重大而紧迫的课题。从农地承包经营流转权的前提、主体、形式、融资和保障措施方面,提出进行农地的确权、尊重农户的土地流转主体地位、创新农地流转形式、完善农村社保机制、盘活农地融资方式等措施,从而促进农地集约化发展,建立现代农业。     

二语习得中母语迁移现象对翻译能力的影响

语言迁移一直是应用语言学,二语习得和研究的中心问题。通过分析二语习得中的母语正负迁移现象,进而探讨其对翻译能力的积极和消极影响,这对有效提高翻译能力是可行且是必须的。     

基于扩充化推拉理论的农村劳动力转移影响因素分析

自改革开放以来,农村劳动力转移为中国经济增长贡献了重要力量,但近年来愈演愈烈的"民工荒"现象也反映出农村劳动力转移后劲不足的问题。因此,分析农村劳动力转移的影响因素,为农村劳动力转移扫除路径障碍具有重要的现实意义。基于扩充化的推拉理论,可将农村劳动力转移的影响因素划分为源自农村的推力、源自城镇的拉力和源自制度的摩擦力等三个方面,据此使用最小二乘法(OLS)和Praise-Winsten AR(1)方法进行计量回归,实证结果表明:农村收入水平提升、农业生产力水平提升、农地资源水平下降构成了源自农村的推力;城镇收入水平提升、非农化水平提升、城镇基础设施水平提升构成了源自城镇的拉力;但以劳动力价格扭曲为表现的制度摩擦力,也对农村劳动力转移产生了显著的阻碍。     

PATH: pioneering innovation for global health at the public–private interface

Seattle-based PATH is one of the world’s largest not-for profit organisations focused on improving health in low-income countries. This article argues the history of this understudied organisation is critical to understanding how collective action focused on facilitating developing countries’ access to essential health technologies is structured. Since its establishment almost 40 years ago, the organisation has been a catalyst for multidisciplinary public–private collaboration that has produced affordable, culturally appropriate health technologies. From its origins in reproductive health, enabling contraceptive technology transfers and advising on regulatory standards, to its more recent managerial roles in the development of inexpensive vaccines produced in developing countries, PATH has repeatedly illustrated how public–private collaboration in product research and development can increase poor populations’ access to essential health technologies. This in turn has provided substance to the contested narrative that engaging business is critical to reducing global health disparities.     

最低工资政策约束下的劳动力转移分析和政策启示——基于托达罗模型的一个解释

文章基于托达罗模型,分析在最低工资标准上涨预期和最低工资地区级差约束下劳动力从农村到城市的转移和再转移行为,并从产业、城市化和人力资本投资等角度提出政策主张,以实现我国劳动力资源有序转移和有效配置。     

新时期朝鲜经济发展战略调整

2009年末朝鲜突然实施的货币更换和禁止外币流通措施以失败告终,虽然没有达到抑制通货膨胀、扭转汇率双重结构、整顿经济管理秩序混乱的目的,却加快了朝鲜扩大对外经济合作的步伐,明确显示出朝鲜利用外部力量促进经济发展的战略调整轨迹。朝鲜将经济重心由重工业向农业和轻工业转变,把提高人民生活水平作为经济政策的核心目标。但是,朝鲜要正确处理计划经济与市场经济、自力更生与有限的对外开放、重工业与农业和轻工业之间的关系,才能从根本上解决其经济难题,实现经济稳定增长。     

扩大转移总量拓展转移空间培育转移新人——毕节地区农村劳动力转移研究

该文指出,贵州省毕节地区农村劳动力转移在过去的二十年里取得显著成就,为贫困地区走出了一条农村劳动力转移、农民增收、贫困缓解、生态环境得到改善和重建,农村经济社会事业全面发展的扶贫开发道路。在国家加大对西部地区开发力度,产业空间结构进一步调整,更注重区域平衡发展的背景下,毕节地区将会随着交通等基础设施改善和投资环境的优化,迎来新一轮农村劳动力转移的机遇。为此,该文建议,毕节地区要根据宏观环境新变化,在扩大转移总量、拓展转移空间、培育转移新人上,构建新的转移战略,更好的推动农村劳动力的转移。     

土地出让过程中的政府角色冲突和转变

由于城市土地所有权属于国家，具体的土地出让行为由地方政府及其职能部门来执行。在这种体制下政府及其职能部门具有土地经营者和管理者的双重身份，不同的身份有不同的价值趋向，这本身就是个矛盾，更何况权利与利益联系在一起就可能导致权力扭曲，文章主要对这种身份冲突所引起的问题和解决机制进行浅显的研究。