What Limits for Government Control? Civil Liberties and Anti‐terror Measures after the Heathrow Bomb Plot

The threat posed by transnational terrorism has excited debate about how best to calibrate relations between government, the courts and parliament: how can the provision of internal security be facilitated, whilst respecting freedoms and ensuring that policies enjoy broad legitimacy? Attention has focussed primarily on the power of the courts. Sections of the government have mooted a curtailment of judicial competencies; by contrast, a broad range of actors calls for ‐ at the least ‐ the maintenance of current judicial powers as the best means to prevent government from exploiting its already large scope for manoeuvre, as well as to overcome public scepticism. Yet the current debate misses the point that relations between government, courts and parliament have already been altered. Government has gained extra political resources thanks to its participation in forms of international counterterrorist cooperation. This shift of power, and associated problems, were clear during the recent ‘Heathrow bomb plot’.     

对"社会主义政治文明"的阐释

“社会主义政治文明”是一个全新的概念。研究和把握“社会主义政治文明”要同研究社会主义物质文明和精神文明结合起来,要正确认识和把握“社会主义政治文明”与人类政治文明成果的关系,从而深刻理解这个命题的理论和实践意义。     

包庇、纵容黑社会性质组织罪之主观特征辨析

包庇、纵容黑社会性质组织罪之包庇行为只能是出自故意 ,而纵容行为则可出自直接故意和间接故意。本罪并不以行为人主观上必须明确认识到对象是黑社会性质的组织、黑社会性质组织的违法犯罪活动为不可缺少的条件。只要行为人明知自己的行为是包庇、纵容犯罪的人 (包括犯罪组织及成员 )的违法犯罪活动 ,便构成本罪故意所必需的认识因素。     

"入世"与我国政府人力资源开发

"入世"之后,由于政府职能的转变和激烈竞争的要求,我国将面临较大的人力资源缺口,尤其是在外贸、外语、金融、环保、谈判等方面,人才缺乏,必须尽快进行卓有成效的人力资源开发,才能应对因"入世"带来的各种挑战.     

THE SEXUAL SUBALTERN IN CONVERSATIONS “SOMEWHERE IN BETWEEN”: LAW AND THE OLD POLITICS OF COLONIALISM

Ratna Kapur’s recent book entitled Erotic Justice proposes a new politics of postcolonialism whereby the sexual subaltern disrupts the normative principles of the universal, liberal, legal domain. Kapur traces legal strategies regarding censorship, sex-work, homosexuality, sexual harassment, trafficking and migration which travel a treacherous path, countering allegations of ‘unIndian’ and Western practice with cultural histories of ‘authentic’ sexual legitimacies, towards a new politics of desire. Kapur frames her analysis through postcolonial feminist theory as providing a tool for feminist struggle, yet distinct from and disruptive of a liberal project of global sisterhood. This review deeply values the role of the sexual subaltern which disrupts the tenets of a linear, progressive liberalism. Drawing upon Indian feminist and Western feminist perspectives, the review considers how the distinct position of the postcolonial sexual subaltern subject informs the generic role of law as a tool constructing relations of domination regarding gender, sexuality, caste, property and religion. Kapur observes that both the West and the Hindu Right have engaged with liberal legal principles. This engagement, I argue, exposes and informs law as a historical and contemporary tool of gendered legal colonialism, for sisters to disrupt across the Western and Eastern terrains.Review of Ratna Kapur’s Erotic Justice, Law and the New Politics of Postcolonialism, London: Glasshouse Press, 2005, 219 pp., ￡26, ISBN 1-90438-524-9     

Before Identity, Gender and Human Rights

This is the beginning of an exploration of before as the thesis ‘before’ (temporally) and ‘be-fore’ (spatially) difference. Before denotes the origin and the desired destination. Before (in the double sense of ‘before’ and ‚be-in-the-fore’) opens up a space of pre-difference, of origin and of forgotten memory, as well as a space of desire, objective, illusion of teleology, unity, completion. Applied to the two domains of Human Rights and Sex/Gender, the space of ‘before’ yields two slightly different vistas: in human rights, a premodern, functionally undifferentiated society which had to invent human rights as its safeguards of functional differentiation. In Sex/Gender, ‘before’ brings a self-referential construction: that of ipseity, as the form of identity beyond comparison that does not play with id but with ipsum. Ipseity is inoperable but not useless. It is inoperable because it cannot be observed from anywhere without suffering rupture. It is not useless because it offers a ground for the reconceptualisation of difference, both through awe and desire.     

侦查阶段告知义务体系的完善

侦查机关的告知义务对保障和实现犯罪嫌疑人的基本诉讼权利具有重要意义。而我国刑事诉讼法中对侦查机关的告知义务规定得过于简单,在具体运用时必然造成执法机关无法可依,犯罪嫌疑人的基本诉讼权利不能得到真正保障。构建我国侦查阶段告知义务体系,应当明确告知义务包含的主体、履行方式、范围、内容、时间及其附随义务等基本要素。并根据联合国关于告知义务的规定及域外其他国家与地区的先进做法,完善我国侦查机关的告知义务。     

犯罪心理学研究中运用量化方法引起的理论思考

量化与统计分析是一项重要的研究方法,在犯罪心理学研究中得到了广泛运用,同时也存在着使用的局限性。犯罪人有很强的心理掩饰性,对包括犯罪人在内的人的心理的测量实际上是一种间接测量,测得的数据是心理学家标定的数据,兼有客观性与主观性。量化研究如果不与科学思维相结合,有可能得出浅薄平庸甚至错误的结论。心理学研究应当以“人性”为基点,多种方法综合运用,实现量化方法与非量化方法的有机结合。     

禁止酷刑的人权司法保护——论适用“非法证据排除规则“和“不得强迫自证其罪原则“

要从根本上清除刑讯逼供的行为,必须进一步加大司法改革的力度,确保严格执法、公正司法,全面遵守刑事诉讼过程的人权保护,依据禁止酷刑和其他残忍、不人道的或侮辱性的待遇或刑罚的国际标准,适用“非法证据排除规则”和“不得强迫自证其罪原则”,将我国刑事司法与诉讼程序步入国际人权司法保障体系的轨道。     

社区矫正：行刑社会化的必然趋势

社区矫正是一种与传统监狱服刑方式不同的、特殊的服刑方式,它让罪犯在社区中执行刑罚。它的产生有其深厚的理论基础。社区矫正符合当今世界行刑制度的发展潮流,体现了以人为本的思想,有利于犯罪人回归社会,也有利于行刑经济。我国的社区矫正试点工作取得了一定的成绩,但还存在法律依据不足,社会认同程度不高等问题。社区矫正的执行主体由司法行政机关担任比较合适。社区矫正的适用对象应做进一步的合理调整。