关于中俄关系发展新阶段的定位论证

中共十六大具有划时代的重要历史地位,这次代表大会以后通过新一代领导人之间双边会晤,中俄两国关系进一步走向成熟与务实的新阶段。而当前中俄两国关系发展的关键所在,是要加快经济贸易合作进程,因此必须加大力度解决这方面存在的各种问题,站在战略高度从对接市场出发切实加强战术跟进安排:充分依靠中俄两国的地缘优势与双方在经济上具有互补性的有利条件,在振兴东北老工业基地的进程中加强双边合作;抓住俄罗斯正在实施开发东部地区战略的难得机遇,大力推动中国东北地区同俄罗斯西伯利亚与远东地区建成国际性的经济合作开发带;双方应当注重在经贸合作和科技合作开发的结合上下工夫,并且必须把后者放在突出的位置上来加以推进,以争取在21世纪的第一个十年内实现两国经济技术合作战略升级的宏大目标,为共同抢占世界市场制高点而造成积极进取的良好态势。     

论周平王所奔西申之地望

在周“二王并立”这一政治格局形成之际,有两个申国存在：一为西申,即申侯之国,地在今陕西省眉县东北;一为南申,即申伯之国,地在今河南省唐河县以南。《国语》谓周幽王太子宜臼被废之后所奔之“申”,即《竹书纪年》之“西申”。由于西申侯具有长期经营宗周西陲的政治基础,具有与周王室世为婚姻的政治地位,具有强大的经济与军事实力,故宜臼被废之后奔“西申”以求西申侯之助。     

“一国两制”条件下的国家职能

“一国两制”在我国正式实施,使回家政权的社会基础更加广泛,人民的范围更加扩大,政治上层建筑的基础发生了某些变化。国家机器不仅要服务于大陆为主体的社会主义制度,而且也要服务于特别行政区资本主义制度。因此,国家政权机关的职能必须适应这些新变化,以促进有中国特色社会主义事业的不断发展。     

Detection of pretreated fingerprint fluorescence using an LED-based excitation system

Abstract:  Optimization of a light emitting diode (LED)-based excitation system for the detection of pretreated fingerprint fluorescence is described. Fluorescent ridges can usually be excited by irradiation with forensic light sources such as xenon arc lamps or quartz-halogen lamps with high-power output and suitable filters. However, they are too expensive for many crime laboratories in smaller organizations. We concentrated on LEDs which have advantages over conventional light sources in that they are simpler and of lower cost, but the power output and quality of each individual LED unit is not sufficient for the detection of weak fluorescent ridges. To resolve this subject, blue and green LED arrays composed of ninety LED units were adopted and suitable low pass filters for them were designed. An experimental system, consisting of blue and green LED arrays with the suitable low pass filters for illumination, high pass filters for viewing, a digital camera and a computer, was tested. The fluorescent images of cyanoacrylate ester fumed/rhodamine 6G stained fingerprint on white polyethylene sheet and weak fluorescent ridges of ninhydrin/indium chloride treated fingerprint on white paper were successfully detected and photographed. It was shown that the improvement of LED beam in intensity and quality can compensate the disadvantages, resulting in well-contrasted images.     

西柏坡精神与民族精神

西柏坡精神是党在中国革命即将取得胜利的转折时期铸就的革命精神,是具有鲜明时代特色的民族精神,它已经成为中国共产党人和中华民族永远保持的精神品格,是对民族精神的丰富和升华。在新的历史时期,弘扬西柏坡精神,对于培育和丰富民族精神具有重要意义。     

缺乏对抗的“被告人说话式”审判——对我国“控辩式”刑事审判的实证考察

我国立法机关于1996年在吸收了对抗式刑事审判合理因素的基础上,创设了"控辩式审判"方式,以解决庭审走过场的弊端和实现控辩审职能的分化。从司法实践来看,改革者的目标并没有得到实现。我国的刑事审判在实际运作上是一种缺乏对抗的"被告人说话式"审判,具体表现在:庭审上趋于消极但不中立的法官,公诉人对审判的单方面主导,被告人是法庭上的"主角","说话权"受限的量刑辩护人,法庭调查的书面化等。由此导致我国刑事审判制度的双高现象:高效率和高定罪率。     

四级两审制的发生和演化

司法体制改革的一个重要举措是设立最高人民法院巡回法庭,这一改革举措可能意味着我国法院层级或审级变化的新动向.从建国以来的历史经验看,法院层级和审级变化并非彼此孤立,且都从属于国家政治形态设计.1954年中共中央取消大区分院,促动了法院审级由三审制改为两审制.两审制带来的法院功能和案负变化,导致中级人民法院层级的设立.为了保障四级两审制平滑运作,民事调解制度扩大,基层法院派出法庭普遍设立.这一法院层级和审级制度的设立,契合了扩大省级地方权力的政治目标.1983年以来“地改市”运动、民事调解制度的萎缩以及撤销部分派出法庭,使得四级两审制的基础发生松动,法院层级和审级方面的新变化由此产生.     

Recovery of Spray Paint Traces from Clothing by Beating

Manual recovery of spray paints from textiles using a microscope, the routine method in many laboratories, is often laborious. Beating the clothing with a plastic rod, the routine method used for recovery of glass traces within the authors’ laboratory, is proposed as an alternative. The efficiency of the method was evaluated by spray tests with fluorescent paint. In these tests, paint particles in the acquired debris samples, as well as those remaining on the textiles, were investigated. The results show that beating is an efficient way to recover and concentrate paint particles. A good efficiency for jeans fabric and rough knitwear is reported. The results appeared to be less satisfactory for smooth woven fabric. Application of the method in casework was effective for graffiti paints as well as for flaked car paint.     

邓小平“一国两制”法律构想对解决台湾问题的现实意义

“一国两制”伟大构想是邓小平为解决台湾问题、实现祖国和平统一所提出的战略方针。“一国两制”在港澳问题上的成功实践，是其政治构想法律化的具体表现。香港、澳门回归后，在“一国两制”法律构想之下社会经济保持持续健康稳定发展。这为当今解决台湾问题，实现祖国的完全统一提供了极为重要的启示和指导意义。     

家庭内聚化、多元化与未成年人的亲情饥饿感

随着工业革命以来现代化进程的推进,家庭出现了内聚化和多元化的发展趋势。但这种结构核心化、功能聚焦化和形式多元化的家庭发展态势对未成年人却产生了不良影响。缓解未成年人的亲情饥饿感,应从营造以家庭为核心的居间系统入手。