Is China Headed for a Debt Crisis?

正AS local government debts pile up,there are concerns about the effects on the Chinese and world economy.To evaluate the risk posed by such debts,the State Council in 2011 and 2013 instructed the National Audit Off ice to comprehensively examine the debt status of regional government bodies.The two audits–one     

新建本科院校大学章程建设的思考

由于社会历史原因，我国高等教育发展还很不平衡，尤其是新建本科院校在大学章程制定和执行方面存在不少制约因素。但是大学章程建设是加快建立有中国特色现代大学制度、提高高等教育育人效能的基础工程，作为新建本科院校必须统一思想，凝聚共识；广泛宣传，充分论证；切实把握《高等学校章程制定暂行办法》基本要素，以完善学校法人治理结构为重点，与依法治校紧密结合，在大学章程建设方面大胆探索，勇于实践。     

高考改革背景下新建本科院校综合改革路径分析

党的十八届三中全会提出了深化中国教育的改革,高考改革和高校改革意味着中国教育的改革已经进入了攻坚阶段。尤其是高考改革,直接促使新建本科院校提速综合改革的进程。为此,应该在以下四个方面加快进程:办学定位由教学型到现代的教学—服务型;人才定性由技能型到现代的技能—素质型;专业定向由应用型到现代的应用—基础型,课程定制由实践型到现代的实践—通识型。     

Citizenship in Civil Society?

Abstract

This article seeks to provide a conceptual framework to complement and guide the empirical analysis of civil society. The core argument is that civil society must be understood, not as a category of (post)industrialized society, but as one of individualized society. Civil society is characterized by individualism that is sustained and protected by the civil values of autonomy and emancipation. This, accordingly, implies that empirical data of civil society can be understood most fruitfully within the framework of individualized society. Classical sociology, however, perceives this very individualism and its values as being antagonistic to its own civic vision. Hence, the crucial question is whether there can be any scope for citizenship, classically understood, within civil society. This article begins with the conceptual reconstruction of the social organization of civil society. Thereafter, two distinct civil society perspectives—mediating structures and Tocquevillianism—are explored to see how civil individualism and citizenship relate to each.     

Sustainable governance of natural resources and institutional change–an analytical framework

This article presents a conceptual framework for analysing the governance of natural resource use, as governance is often the primary issue when natural resources are overexploited and degraded. It addresses both spontaneous and active governance, including institutional change induced by development co‐operation. Drawing on existing frameworks of institutional analysis, fundamental modifications are presented to adapt the concept to the context of international co‐operation, and to include dynamic aspects of institutional change as well as multiple actor interactions. Tested in several case studies, the framework was found suitable and relevant for use in project planning and evaluation, as well as for comparing governance issues across cases in a conceptually rigorous way. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Missing pieces: an overview of the institutional puzzle

Institutional development has become a core component of international development programmes. Yet, institutional reforms have, to date, had a disappointing impact on poverty reduction in the South. The causality of the links between institutions and poverty reduction and how exactly the institutional environment and development outcomes affect each other is still unclear. A lack of analytical consensus has resulted in vague policy recommendations and a dearth of clear operational guidelines for international development practitioners. This article provides an overview of the main current institutional development debates and gaps in existing research, and identifies some key organisations working on institutional issues in the academic and practitioner spheres. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

大学生贫富差距与高校和谐校园的构建

目前,大学生贫富差距已成为影响高校构建和谐校园的严重障碍。大学生贫富差距导致的诸多心理问题主要是由于缺乏相应的思想政治教育所造成的。只有对大学生进行相应的思想政治教育,化解彼此之间的隔阂和矛盾,才能从根本上解决问题,才能真正构建起高校的和谐校园。     

高校网络思想政治教育调查的实证分析

网络给高校思想政治教育工作带来了非常重要的影响,高校网络思想政治教育取得了初步的成效,但还存在亟待解决的问题。必须建立和完善高校网络思想政治教育工作体系,丰富内容,增强吸引力,建设一支精干的网络思想政治工作队伍,真正发挥网络思想政治教育的优势。     

新形势下高校实验室的建设与管理探讨

高校实验室是教学和科研的重要基地,是新形势下培养复合创新型高素质人才,出高水平研究成果,服务社会经济的主要场所。加强实验室的建设与管理刻不容缓。     

The five shades of grey: party systems and authoritarian institutions in post-Soviet Central Asian states

ABSTRACT

This article overviews and seeks to explain the processes of party system formation in the post-Soviet Central Asian states (Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan) by focusing on a crucial party-system property, fragmentation. The analysis reveals that to a much greater extent than in democracies, where party systems are largely shaped by societal factors, the level of party system fragmentation in autocracies is determined by the scope of presidential powers, as entrenched in the formal institutional order and reflected in the national constitution. The level of authoritarianism is largely inconsequential for party system fragmentation, while the role of electoral rules is secondary. Institutionally weak and institutionally strong autocratic presidents have a preference for fragmented party systems, while presidents with an intermediate range of powers seek and obtain low levels of party system fragmentation.