Developmental Benefits of Extracurricular Involvement: Do Peer Characteristics Mediate the Link Between Activities and Youth Outcomes?

In this article, we test: (a) the relation between school-based extracurricular participation and indicators of positive and negative development across a range of activity contexts, and (b) a mediation model linking activity participation, prosocial peers, and development. Extensive survey information was collected from a predominately White sample of middle class adolescents in 9th, 10th, and 12th grades. Extracurricular participation was related to more favorable academic, psychological, and behavioral adjustment; the pattern of findings differed by activity and outcome. In addition, we documented some support for the hypothesis that the link between extracurricular participation and positive adjustment is partly a function of associating with a prosocial peer group. Implications of these findings and suggestions for future research are presented. Assistant Professor of Human Development, Connecticut College. Received her PhD in 1999 from the University of Michigan. Major research interests include motivation, school engagement, extracurricular participation, and adolescent development. MacKeachie Collegiate Psychology Professor, University of Michigan. Received PhD in 1974 from the UCLA. Recent work focuses on ethnicity and the transitions from middle childhood to adolescence and into adulthood.     

城市地质灾害防治对策

地质灾害对现代城市破坏严重 ,制约城市的可持续发展。分析了当前城市地质灾害产生的原因和危害 ,探讨防治灾害的措施 ,以增强城市综合减灾的能力     

An Assessment of the Impact that Participation in Local Climate Networks Has on Cities’ Implementation of Climate,Energy, and Transportation Policies

Much of the attention surrounding local climate protection in the United States is associated with two networks: ICLEI Local Governments for Sustainability's Cities for Climate Protection and the U.S. Conference of Mayors’ Climate Protection Agreement (MCPA). However, the impact of these networks on member‐city actions has not been clearly established. This paper examines whether, and to what extent, participation in climate networks leads to the implementation of greenhouse gas (GHG)‐reducing policies, above and beyond what would have been done in their absence. To account for the possibility that cities which join climate networks are systematically different from those that do not and control for self‐selection induced bias, three statistical techniques—propensity score matching, Heckman full information maximum likelihood, and instrumental variables—are employed to estimate the “treatment effect” of participation. Results suggest that impact is network specific: ICLEI membership causes small to moderate increases in cities’ GHG‐relevant activity, whereas the MCPA has no such effect. The characteristics of each network are evaluated in light of these findings.     

当代青年“入伍热”现象的成因分析

从近几年的冬季征兵、夏季特招士官和军校高招来看,当代青年再现应征参军热潮。这其中无论是普通社会青年,还是莘莘学子,促成其崇尚参军报国的深层背景中,有个人长期的军旅夙愿和传统的爱国情怀,也有国庆阅兵等时事宣传,以及＂大学生好兵高明＂的示范效应,更有国家新出台的对大学生入伍优惠政策等外部因素,是全社会共同营造的良性氛围点燃了这种热切与激情。     

资源型地区农村青年就业状况分析——基于河北省Z县S村的调查

良好的资源环境和较多的就业机会,使资源型地区的多数农村青年选择留乡就业。但由于农村青年自身的某种局限,以及有色资源的不可再生,资源型地区的农村劳动力就业需要寻求新的机遇和新的增长点。在以工促农、以城带乡的发展阶段,进一步调整农村经济结构,大力发展农村服务业,可以为资源型地区农村青年就近转移就业提供一些前瞻性思路。     

城市交通可持续发展的出行决策障碍分析

阻碍城市交通可持续发展的因素中，由出行决策引起的障碍，不容易破除。该文具体分析了城市可持续发展的公众出行决策障碍来源，通过对城市交通可持续发展机制的研究。在总结中国城市交通发展建设经验的基础上，借鉴其他国家的相关经验，提出了一套包括机制建设、政策法规、交通基础设施建设和技术在内的城市交通系统可持续发展出行决策障碍的综合解决策略。     

解决我国城镇居民贫困化问题的对策

上个世纪 90年代以来 ,一部分城镇居民贫困化问题日益突出 ,他们的生活每况愈下 ,非常窘迫。这个贫困群体形成的原因主要是失业下岗人员显著增加、社会保障制度滞后和不健全以及工薪阶层的支出压力。建立和完善社会保障制度 ,缩小收入差距 ;抓好再就业工程 ,尽可能地实现充分就业 ;完善个人所得税制 ,发挥税收调节收入差距的作用 ;加快发展生产力是解决城镇居民贫困化问题的对策选择。     

全球化背景下的青年与青年工作

全球化作为一种不可逆转的潮流,正在影响和改变着各国青年,在全球化背景下,世界青年出现了某些明显的趋同趋势,时代的变化和形势的发展要求我们的青年工作要与时俱进,确立与全球化相适应的青年工作对策。     

Local Government Support for Women in the Informal Economy in Durban, South Africa

This paper examines the response of the city government of Durban to the growth of the informal economy. It argues that, unlike the national government of South Africa, Durban's government has been creative in designing policies that favor informal economy workers, particularly women. These progressive policies are the result of an innovative local government and, to some extent, an emerging self-employed women worker's union that has been able to exert influence on informal economy policies.     

浅析社区青少年的社会交往网络与社会支持网络——对上海市普陀区社区青少年的调查研究

根据2006年对上海市普陀区“社区青少年”发展状况调查的实验研究管理,对易于“边缘化”的“社区青少年”的社会交往网络与社会支持网络的构成、特征进行分析,并探讨如何促进它们之间的优势互补,从而为“社区青少年”的发展提供更好的条件。